1、常用物理英语单词英文力学词汇-（a-b）absoluteacceleration绝对加速度absolutemotion绝对运动absolutevelocity绝对速度acceleratedmotion加速运动accelerationofgravity重力加速度acceleration加速度accelerometer加速度计actingforce作用力activeforce主动力angleoffriction摩擦角angleofnutation章动角angleofprecession进动角angleofrotation自转角angula
2、racceleration角加速度angulardisplacement角位移angularmotion角向运动angularvelocityvector角速度矢量angularvelocity角速度arealvelocity掠面速度又称“扇形速度（sectorvelocity）”armofcouple力偶臂attractionforce吸引力Atwoodmachine阿特伍德机averagevelocity，meanvelocity平均速度axialacceleration轴向加速度axialvector轴矢量ballisticcu
3、rve弹道ballisticpendulum弹道摆ballistics弹道学basepoint基点bearing轴承binormalacceleration副法向加速度bounce反弹英文力学词汇-（c）centerofforce力心centerofgravity重心centerofmass质心centerofmoment矩心centerofparallelforcesystem平行力系中心centerofpercussion撞击中心centerofreduction简化中心又称“约化中心”。center-of-masss
4、ystem质心参考系centralfield有心力场centralforce有心力centralimpact对心碰撞centralprincipalaxisofinertia中心惯性主轴centrifugalforce离心力centripetalacceleration向心加速度centripetalforce向心力centrode瞬心迹Chaslestheorem沙勒定理circularmotion圆周运动coefficientofmaximumstaticfriction最大静摩擦系数coefficientofrestitutio
5、n恢复系数coefficientofrollingfriction滚动摩擦系数coefficientofslidingfriction滑动摩擦系数collision碰撞componentforce分力componentvelocity分速度compositemotion复合运动compositionofforces力的合成compositionofvelocities速度的合成compoundpendulum复摆concentratedforce集中力concurrentforce汇交力conservativeforce保守力cons
6、ervativesystem保守系constantforce恒力constantofmotion运动常量constraintforce约束力constraint约束convectedacceleration牵连加速度convectedmotion牵连运动convectedvelocity牵连速度coplanarforce共面力Coriolisacceleration科里奥利加速度简称“科氏加速度”。Coriolisforce科里奥利力简称“科氏力”。Coulomblawoffriction库仑摩擦定律couple力偶curvilinear
8、力的平衡equilibriumposition平衡位置equilibriumstate平衡态equilibrium平衡equipotentialline等势线equipotentialsurface等势面equivalentforcesystem等效力系Eulerkinematicalequations欧拉运动学方程Eulerianangle欧拉角externalballistics外弹道学externalforce外力英文力学词汇-（f-g）finalvelocity末速度finiterotation有限转动firstcosmicve
9、locity第一宇宙速度fixedcentrode定瞬心迹又称“空间瞬心迹（herpolhode）”fixedreferencesystem固定参考系fixedvector固定矢量fixed-axisrotation定轴转动fixed-pointmotion定点运动force力forcefield力场forcepolygon力多边形forcescrew力螺旋forcetriangle力三角形forcesactingatthesamepoint共点力Foucaultpendulum傅科摆freemotionofrigidbody
10、刚体自由运动freevector自由矢量free-bodydiagram受力图描述分离体所受力的图。frictionforce摩擦力funicularpolygon索多边形Galileaninvariance伽利略不变性Galileanprincipleofrelativity伽利略相对性原理Galileantransformation伽利略变换geocentriccoordinatesystem地心坐标系gravitation引力gravitationalconstant引力常量gravitationalfield引力场gravityfiel
11、d重力场gravity重力guycable拉索gyroscope陀螺仪英文力学词汇-（h-i）helicalmotion螺旋运动hingedend铰接端hodograph矢端图impactparameter碰撞参量imperfectelasticcollision非完全弹性碰撞impulseofcompression压缩冲量impulseofrestitution恢复冲量impulse冲量inertia惯性inertialreferenceframe/system惯性参考系inertialcentrifugalforce惯性离心力
12、inertialforce惯性力infinitesimalrotation无限小转动initialvelocity初速度instantaneousaxisofrotation转动瞬轴instantaneouscenterofrotation转动瞬心instantaneouscenterofacceleration加速度瞬心instantaneousscrewaxis瞬时螺旋轴instantaneoustranslation瞬时平移instantaneousvelocity瞬时速度internalforce内力intrinsicequati
13、on内禀方程isochronism等时性isochronouspendulum等时摆isolatedsystem孤立系英文力学词汇-（j-l）jerk加加速度journalbearing颈轴承Keplerlaw开普勒定律kinematicalequation运动学方程kineticenergy动能kineticfriction动摩擦kineto-statics动态静力学laboratorycoordinatesystem实验室坐标系lawofconservationofenergy能量守恒定律lawofconservationof
14、mass质量守恒定律lawofconservationofmass质量守恒定律lawofconservationofmechanicalenergy机械能守恒定律lawofconservationofmomentofmomentum动量矩守恒定律lawofconservationofmomentum动量守恒定律lawofuniversalgravitation万有引力定律limitingvelocity极限速度lineofaction作用线英文力学词汇-（m-n）many-bodyproblem多体问题material
15、point，masspoint，particle质点mechanicalenergy机械能mechanicalmotion力学运动又称“机械运动”mechanicalwork机械功Meshcherskiiformula密歇尔斯基公式momentarmofforce力臂momentofarea面矩momentofcouple力偶矩momentofforce力矩momentofinertia转动惯量momentofmomentum动量矩又称“角动量（angularmomentum）”momentvectorofcouple力偶矩矢
16、momentvector矩矢量momentum动量motionofrigid-bodywithafixedpoint刚体定点运动movingcentrode动瞬心迹又称“本体瞬心迹（polhode）”movingreferencesystem动参考系Newtonfirstlaw牛顿第一定律Newtonsecondlaw牛顿第二定律Newtonthirdlaw牛顿第三定律normalacceleration法向加速度null-forcesystem零力系nutation章动英文力学词汇-（o-p）obliqueimpact斜碰orb
17、it轨道overweight超重parallelaxistheorem平行轴定理parallelforces平行力parallelogramrule平行四边形定则path路程沿路径的长度。path，itinerary路径pendulum摆perfectelasticcollision完全弹性碰撞perfectinelasticcollision完全非弹性碰撞perturbation摄动pitch俯仰/音调pivotbearing枢轴承planarhinge平面铰planarmotion平面运动Poinsotmotion潘索运动point
18、ofaction作用点polarvector极矢量positionvector位置矢量简称“位矢”potentialforce有势力potentialfunction势函数power功率precession进动物理学称“旋进”。principalaxisofinertia惯量主轴principalmomentofinertia主转动惯量principalmoment主矩principalvector主矢量principleofremovalofconstraint解除约束原理principleofrigidization刚化原理p
19、roductofinertia惯性积projectilemotion抛体运动pseudoregularprecession赝规则进动pulley滑轮英文力学词汇-（r）radialacceleration径向加速度radialvelocity径向速度radiusofgyration回转半径radiusvector径矢又称“矢径”reactingforce反作用力reactionatsupport支座反力recoil反冲rectilinearmotion直线运动reducedmass简化质量又称“约化质量”，为减少自由度而用的折算质量。r
20、eductionofforcesystem力系的简化又称“力系的约化”。referencesystem参考系regularprecession规则进动relativeacceleration相对加速度relativemotion相对运动relativevelocity相对速度resolutionofforce力的分解resolutionofvelocity速度的分解resultantcouple合力偶resultantforce合力resultantvelocity合速度rigidbodymotion刚体运动rigidbody刚体r
21、ocket火箭roll侧滚roller滚柱rollingfriction滚动摩擦rotationaroundafixedpoint定点转动rotation转动英文力学词汇-（s）secondcosmicvelocity第二宇宙速度simplependulum单摆slidingfriction滑动摩擦slidingvector滑移矢量specificgravity，specificweight比重speed速率sphericalhinge球铰sphericalpendulum球面摆staticfriction静摩擦statically
22、determinate静定staticallyindeterminate超静定suspendedcable悬索systemofcouples力偶系systemofforces力系systemofparticles质点系英文力学词汇-（t）tangentialacceleration切向加速度tensileforce拉力tension拉伸/张力terminalvelocity终极速度theoremofkineticenergy动能定理theoremofmomentofmomentum动量矩定理theoremofmomentum
23、动量定理thirdcosmicvelocity第三宇宙速度three-bodyproblem三体问题top陀螺torque转矩trajectory轨迹translation平移transmissibilityofforce力的可传性transverseacceleration横向加速度transversevelocity横向速度two-bodyproblem二体问题英文力学词汇-（u-w）uniformmotion匀速运动variable-massdynamics变质量动力学variable-masssystem变质量系Varignonthe
24、orem伐里农定理velocityofescape逃逸速度velocity速度weightlessness失重work功物理常用英语词汇（A）a.c.generator交流发电机aberration光行差，像差absoluteindexofrefraction绝对折射率absoluterefractiveindex绝对折射率absolutetemperaturescale绝对温标absolutezero绝对零度absorber吸收体absorbingpower吸收能力，吸收本领absorptance吸收比absorption吸收absorptionco
26、ticaberration消色差achromaticcondenser消色差聚光透镜achromaticlight消色差光，白光acousticblur声响模糊acousticboard吸音板，吸声板acousticnavigation声响导航acousticpressure声压acoustics声学acton施于action作用量，作用，作用力actionofpoint尖端作用activation激活，活化activationenergy激活能，活化能activenucleus活性核，放射性核activity放射强度，放射性adapter接合器adder加法器adhe
27、sion附着力，附着，黏附adhesiveforce附着力adiabatic绝热的adiabaticexpansion绝热膨胀adiabaticprocess绝热过程aerial天线aerialinduction天线调谐电感aerialnetwork天线网络aerodynamicforce气动力，空气动力aerodynamics气体动力学，空气动力学aerofoil机翼agent剂airblower吹风器aircolumn空气柱，气柱aircushion气垫airdamping空气阻尼airfilm气膜airtrack气垫导航airwedge气楔alignment对
28、准，校整alphadecay衰变alphaparticle粒子alphaparticlescatteringanalogue粒子放射模拟alternatingcurrent交流电alternatingvoltage交变电压，交流电压alternator交流发电机altimeter高度计，测高仪americiumammeter安培计amorphous非结晶的，无定形的ampere安培，安ampere-hour安培小时，安时amplification放大，放大率amplifier放大器amplify放大amplitude振幅amplitudemodulation调幅，振幅调剂amy
29、lacetate醋酸戊酯anaemia贫血analogue模拟analogueexperiment模拟实验analoguesignal仿真讯号，非数字讯号analogue-to-digitalconversion模拟转换analyser检偏振器ANDgate与门anemometer风速计aneroidbarometer无液气压计，空盒气压计angleofcontact接触角angleofdeviation偏向角angleofdiffraction衍射角，绕射角angleofdip倾角angleofelevation仰角angleofemergence出射角a
30、ngleofincidence入射角angleofinclination倾角angleofminimumdeviation最小偏向角angleofprojection投射角angleofreflection反射角angleofrefraction折射角angleoftwist扭转角angstrom埃angularacceleration角加速度angularaperture孔径张角angulardisplacement角位移angularfrequency角频率angularimpulse角冲量angularmagnification角度放大，角放大率
31、angularmomentum角动量，动量矩angularmotion角向运动，角运动angularseed角速率angularvelocity角速度angularwidth角宽度annealing退火，韧化anode阳极，正极anomalousexpansion反常膨胀antenna天线anticlockwisemoment逆时针力矩antifreeze防冻剂antinodalline腹线antinode波腹antiparticle反粒子antiphase反相，逆相aperture孔径，口径，孔apparentdepth视深apparentexpansion表观膨胀，
33、，散光astronomicaltelescope天文望远镜atinfinity在无穷远处atrest静止atmosphere大气，大气层，大气压atmosphericpressure大气压强atom原子atomicbomb原子弹atomicbond原子键atomicdensity原子密度atomicdiameter原子直径atomicenergy原子能atomicmass原子质量atomicmassunit原子质量单位atomicmodel原子模型atomicnucleus原子核atomicnumber原子序数atomicradius原子半径atomicsep
34、aration原子间距atomicspacing原子间距atomicstructure原子结构atomictheory原子论atomizer喷雾器attenuation衰减attraction吸引attractiveforce吸力audiblefrequencyrange听频范围audiblesignal可听讯号audiofrequency声频autofocus自动聚焦，自动对焦avalanche电子雪崩averageacceleration平均加速度averagepower平均功率averagespeed平均速率averagevelocity平均速度Avogadro
38、ns双凸透镜bicycledynamo自行车发电机，脚踏车发电机bifilarpendulum双线摆bifocallens双焦距透镜bigbangmodel大爆炸模型bimetallicstrip双层金属片，双金属片binaryadder二进加法器binarysystem二进制binding结合bindingenergy结合能binoculars双筒望远镜Biot-Savartlaw毕奥萨伐尔定律bipolar双极的birefraction双折射bistable双稳态的，双稳器bistablecircuit双稳电路bistablemultivibrator双稳态多谐振荡
39、器bit二进制制，位blackbodyradiation黑体辐射blockandtackle滑轮组blockdiagram方框图blockingcapacitor隔直流电器容blooming敷霜，表面加膜Bohratom玻尔原子Bohrradius玻尔半径Bohrtheory玻尔理论boil沸腾，煮沸boiler锅炉boilingpoint沸点bolometer辐射热计Boltzmannconstant玻耳兹曼常数，玻耳兹曼常量bombardment轰击bondenergy键能bonding键合Bourdongauge布尔登气压计bowwave弓形波，舷波Boyle
41、it桥式电路bridgerectifier桥式整流器brightfringe亮纹brightness亮度brittle脆的，易碎的bromine溴Brownianmovement布朗运动brush电刷bubblechamber气泡室bubbleraftmodel泡筏模型buffer缓冲器buffercircuit缓冲电路bulkmodulus体积弹性模量Bunsenburner本生灯buoyancy浮力burette滴定管burettestand滴定管架burglaralarm防盗警报器，防盗警钟buzzer蜂鸣器by-pass旁路byte二进制组，字节物理英文词汇（C
42、）cable电缆cadmiumsulphide硫化镉caesium铯calcite方解石calibrate校准，标上刻度calipers测径器，卡钳calorie卡路里，卡calorimeter量热器camera照相机cancercell癌细胞candela坎德拉cantilever悬臂capacitance电容capacitancesubstitutionbox换值电容箱capacitivecircuit电容电路capacitivecomponent电容性分量capacitivecoupling电容耦合capacitivedischarge电容性放电capacitiver
43、eactance容抗capacitor电容器capacitor-inputfilter电容输入滤波器capacity容量，载量capillarity毛细现象，毛细作用capillarydepression毛细下降capillaryrise毛细上升capillarytube毛细管capsule囊capture俘获carbon碳carbongranule碳颗粒carbonpaperdisc圆形碳纸carbon-14dating碳14年代测定法carburettor化油器，汽化器carrierwave载波carry进位castoroil蓖麻油cataract白内障cathode阴
44、极，负极cathoderay阴极射线cathoderaydeflectiontube阴极射线偏转管cathode-rayoscilloscope阴极射线示波器，示波器cathode-raytube阴极射线管cavityresonator空腔共振器celestialtelescope天体望远镜cell电池，细胞Celsiustemperaturescale摄氏温标centimetre厘米centralizedlowvoltagepowersupplyunit中央控制低压电源箱centreofcurvature曲率中心centreofgravity重心cen
45、treofmass质心centreofoscillation振荡中心centre-tappedtransformer中心抽头变压器centrifugalforce离心力centrifuge离心机centripetalacceleration向心加速度centripetalforce向心力Chadwick查德威克chainreaction连锁反应changeofstate物态变化change-overswitch换向开关characteristic特性，特征characteristiccurve特性曲线characteristicline特征线，特征谱charact
48、arwave圆形波circularwavefront圆形波阵面，圆形波前clamp夹钳，夹紧clap-echomethod拍掌回声法cleave裂开clinicalthermometer体温计clip夹子clockwisemoment顺时针力矩closedcircuit闭合电路closedpipe闭管closedtube闭管closed-loopcontrolsystem死循环控制系统closed-loopgain死循环增益closed-loopvoltagegain死循环电压增益closelypacked密堆积的cloudchamber云室cloudchamb
49、ertrack云室径迹coaxial共轴，同轴coaxialcable同轴电缆，同轴cobalt钴code编码coder编码器coefficientofdynamicfriction动摩擦系数coefficientoffriction摩擦系数coefficientofrestitution恢复系数coefficientofstaticfriction静摩擦系数coefficientofviscosity黏滞系数coherent相干的cohesion内聚力，内聚cohesiveforce内聚力coil线圈collector集电极，集极collectorcurren
50、t集电极电流，集极电流collimator准直管，准直仪collision碰撞colour颜色colourcode色码，色标combinationallogic组合逻辑commonemitter共发射极common-modevoltage共模电压commutator换向器compass指南针，罗盘completecircuit完整电路component组件，分量，组分componentofforce分力compoundmicroscope复式显微镜compoundpendulum复摆compressedgas压缩气体compressibility可压缩性，压缩系数，压缩率c
51、ompressiblefluid可压缩性流体compression密部，压缩compressionspringbalance压缩弹簧天平concave凹concavelens凹透镜concavemirror凹镜，凹面镜concentriccapacitor同心电容器condensation凝结，凝聚condensationnucleus凝结核，凝聚核condensationpoint凝点，凝结点condenser聚光器，电容器，冷凝器conductance电导conductivity传导性，传导率conductor导体conicalpendulum锥摆conjugatefo
52、ci共轭焦点conservationofangularmomentum角动量守恒conversationofcharge电荷守恒conservationofenergy能量守恒conservationofmechanicalenergy机械能守恒conservationofmomentum动量守恒conservativeforce守恒力，保守力conserved守恒constantacceleration恒加速度constantangularacceleration恒角加速度constantangularvelocity恒角速度constantforce恒力constantmotion恒速运动constantpressure定压constantspeed恒速率constanttemperature定温constantvelocity恒速度constantvolume定容constantvolumegasthermometer定容气体温度计constantan康铜constriction颈缩constructiveinterference相长干涉contactangle接触角contactarea接触面积contactforce接触力continuity