根据历年来全省各地中考阅读理解题型的分析，将阅读理解题大致归纳为以下四类：
（一）细节理解题
一般针对某个特定的细节而提供，难度较小，属表层信息理解，考生通读短文后可直接找出答案依据。
解题技巧：
1.五个W（who，which，when，where，what）和一个H（how）；
3.注意加强语气的词。然后运用排除法排除不符合原文细节的选项，剩下的就是要选择的最佳答案。
（二）词句理解题
此题要求考生正确理解短文中的一些关键词语或句子的含义，常用的方法是多种表达法、一词多义法、同义近义或反义提示法、习语释文法及句型转换法等。
2.根据上下文猜测词义的技巧：（1）注意定义和解释；（2）同义词或近义词的提示；（3）近义词和反义词的提示；（4）利用悬念的属种关系；（5）借助已有知识或生活常识。
（三）推理判断题
通过字里行间的阅读，作合理的推断。
（四）归纳概括题
二、阅读步骤
2.细读全文，认真分析与问题有关的词汇、句子或段落，特别留心一些关键信息词。
3.复读全文，验证答案。在选出全部答案后，应将答案带入问题中重读全文，看前后意思是否连贯，有无矛盾，若前后不一致或意思矛盾，则要考虑重选答案。
三、怎样才能提高初中学生的英语阅读理解能力，轻松应对中考呢？
1.大量阅读是提高阅读理解能力的必由之路
大量阅读可以使学过的语言知识得到复习和巩固，使语言能力得到发展和提高。在阅读量小，接触英文材料很少的情况下，所学语言知识就理解不深，掌握不好，且边学边忘，学习效率很低。
2.扩大词汇量是提高阅读理解能力的突破口
一个人掌握的词汇量多少与其语言水平的高低有密切关系。D.AWilkins说过，“事实上，没有语法不能传达很多东西，而没有词汇就不能传达任何东西。”在阅读过程中，如遇到生词，要尽量利用构词法知识和上下文关系，猜测新词的词义。
3.巩固并加深语法知识
初中学生要熟练掌握《大纲》、《课标》中的语法结构表，熟练掌握并运用语法知识。这样不仅有利于提高我们的听、说、写能力，而且有利于提高我们的阅读理解能力。
4.拓宽知识面，增加背景知识
总之，阅读理解能力在英语学习过程中起着举足轻重的作用。但冰冻三尺，非一日之寒。学生阅读理解能力的提高，既需要老师科学有效的指导，更要发挥学生的主体作用，掌握阅读的方法与技巧，这样才能提高阅读理解能力，轻松应对中考。
阅读理解训练
一、人物故事
一、(2018·江苏南京)
Therewasakingdomlong，longago.Itwasruledbyakingwholovedriddles.Onceayearthekingmadeanewriddle.Hegaveaprizetothepersonwhocouldsolvetheriddle.
Therewasabakerwhoalsolivedinthiskingdom.Everyoneagreedthathebakedthefinestbreads.Thebakerhadalmosteverythingheneededexceptforahorse.Ifthebakerhadahorse，hecouldsellhisfinebreadsfromoneendofthekingdomtotheother.
Oneyearthekingmadeanewriddlethatpuzzledeveryone.“Iwillgiveaprizetothepersonwhocansolvemyriddle，”thekingsaid.“Whoeverwinswillhavethepickofoneofmystrongesthorses.”Hethendrewalinedownthemiddleofthecourtyard.“Makethislineshorterwithouterasing(清除)anypartofit，”thekingchallenged.
Peoplecamefromfarandwide.Theylookedatthelineandsquintedatit.Theyevenputtheirnosestothegroundandscratchedtheirheads.
“Howcanyoumakealineshorterwithouterasinganypartofit？”thepeopleinthecrowdaskedeachother.Someofthemtried.Thedressmakerkickeddirt(泥土)overthelinetohideit.Thefarmerpouredwateroverthelinetomakeitdisappear.Noneoftheseeffortsworked，andthepeoplewenthomedisappointed.Everyonewaspuzzledabouthowtosolvethisnewriddle.
Aweekpassed，andnobodyhadanynewideas.Thenonedaythebakercameintothecourtyardwithabagofflour(面粉)．
“YourMajesty，”thebakersaidtotheking，“Icanmakeyourlineshorterwithouterasinganypartofit.”Thenthebakeropenedhisbagofflour.Hepouredoutalineofflourrightnexttotheking'sline.Thelinethebakermadewaslongerthantheking'sline.
“Now，goodking，”thebakersmiled，“yourlineisshorter.”
Thepeoplewereamazed.Thekinglaughedandclappedhishands.“Youhavewontheprize.Iwillgiveyouahorseofyourchoice.”
Thebakerwasexcited.Nowhecouldsellhisbreadsfromoneendofthekingdomtotheother.
1.Whatwasthebaker'sproblematthebeginningofthestory
A.Hecouldn'tmakefinebreads.
B.Heneededmoneytoopenmorestores.
C.Hedidn'thaveenoughflourtomakemorebreads.
D.Hehaddifficultysellingbreadsalloverthekingdom.
2.Thedressmakerandthefarmerfailedbecausetheyboth________.
A.triedtoerasetheline
B.pouredwaterovertheline
C.kickeddirtovertheline
D.puttheirnosestotheground
3.Thebakersmiledbecause________.
A.hewasgladtoseetheking
B.hewantedtomakethekinghappy
C.hefeltsurethathesolvedtheriddle
D.hesoldalotofbreadstothevillagers
4.Thisstoryshowsthatthekingliked________.
A.toberichB.totrainhorses
C.toeatbreadsD.tohavefun
5.Whotellsthisstory
A.Theking.
B.Thefarmerandthedressmaker.
C.Thebaker.
D.Someonewhoisnotacharacterinthestory.
二、(2018·江苏无锡)
Sarahstoodinfrontofthemirror(镜子).“Itlookslikearaincoatonme，”shesaid.
“Perhapstheblue，”saidMama，gently.
“Sure，”theshopkeepersaid.Butwhenhetookthebluecoat，thereontheshelfbehindallofthedarkcoats，hiddenlikeaspringflowerinwinterdarkness，there，asifbymagic，wasapinkcoat.
“Apinkcoat！”Sarahcried.“Iwantthepinkcoat.”
“Thatcoatissmallerthantheotherones，”Papasaid.
Sarahspokeup.“I'msmall，too.Papa，pleaseletmetryiton，MamaPlease？”
“Itwouldn'thurttolethertryiton，”Mamasaid.
Withoutaword，theshopkeepertookthecoatfromtheshelfandhelditforSarah.
“Ohhh！”Sarahsaid.ThecoatwassmoothandshinyinsidelikehersisterSylvia'sblouses.“Ahhh！”
Sarahstoodverystraightandlookedinthemirror.Shelookedforaverylongtime.Inthepinkcoatshelookedlikeaspringflower.
“Sarah！”Mamasaid.
Sarahlookedup.Mamawasstandingbehindher.Shewasholdingthebrowncoat.
“I'mafraidthepinkcoatwillonlyfitoneyear，”Mamasaid，takingastepcloser.
“Andthere'snoonetopassitonto，”saidPapa.
Andtheshopkeepersaid，“It'swisetosavemoney.”
Sarahbackedaway.Noonewasgoingtoputherintoaraincoatagain.Shewantedtobeaflower.
“Sarah！”ItwasPapa.Hecameovertoher.“You'reoldenoughtoknowthatyoucan'talwayshaveyourownway，”hesaidseriously.
“Wiseandtrue，”saidtheshopkeeper.
Sarahtookoffthepinkcoat，slowly.
“Itishercolour，though，”Mamasaid.
“Ahh，”saidtheshopkeeper.“Anyonecanseehowthepinkofthecoatbringsouttherosesinherface.”
Papalookedthoughtfulforamoment.
“Wearelucky.”continuedMama，“thatitisonlyonelittlecoatforSarahandnotalsonewcoatsforSylviaandSusanandSally.”
Papalookedfromthebrowncoattothepinkcoat.“Thecowswillgivemilksoonenough，”hesaid“AndhowcanweletSarahwearabrowncoatwhenshelookslikeaflowerinthisone？”
“Papa！”Sarahcried，puttingonthepinkcoatback，quickly.ShethrewherarmsaroundPapa'sneck.“__3__”shewhispered.
“Likearoseinspring，”Papasaid.
1.WhatdidSarahtryonfirst
A.Abigpinkcoat.
B.Asmallpinkcoat.
C.Abigbrowncoat.
D.Asmallbrowncoat.
2.WhydidMamawantSarahtotrybrownandblue
A.BecauseSarahlookedbetterinthem.
B.BecauseSarahcouldwearthemlonger.
C.BecausetheywerebigenoughforSarah.
D.Becausetheycostlessthanthepinkone.
3.WhatdidSarahmostprobablysaytoPapaintheend
A.HowdoIlook
B.Howdoesthecoatlook
C.Idolooklikeaflower，don'tI
D.Thecoatlooksnice，doesn'tit
三、(2018·江苏苏州)
Doyouknowwhatyou'dliketobewhenyougrowupIttakesmostpeoplemanyyearstofindout.FortheyoungartistAlexandraNechita，itneverreallyseemedtobeaquestion.Fromthedayshebegandrawingattheageoftwo，shewasanartist.
AlexandraNechitawasborninRomaniain1985andmovedtoCaliforniawhenshewasstillababy.Asalittlechild，shelovedcoloringinhercoloringbooks.Herparentshopedshecouldspendmoretimeplayingwithotherchildren，sotheytookawayhercoloringbooks.Alexandrabegandrawingherownpicturesandcoloringthemin.
BythetimeAlexandrawassevenyearsold，shehadbegunpaintingwithoilpaints.WhenAlexandratookalocalartclass，herteacherwasamazedattheyoungartist'sunusualstyleofpainting.Alexandra'sworkwassimilarinsomewaystothepaintingsbyfamousartistslikePicasso.Theseartistsdidnotusearealisticstyleofpainting.Theyallowedtheirimaginationstoplayanimportantpartintheirwork.TheinterestingthingwasthatlittleAlexandrahadneverseentheworkoftheseartists.Peoplecalledher“LittlePicasso”.Thiswasagreathonor，butAlexandra'sstyleofpaintingwasallherown.
Alexandra'sfirstpublicshowwasheldataLosAngelespubliclibrarywhenshewasonlyeightyearsold.PeoplewereamazedathowyoungAlexandrawas，butmostlytheylovedherimaginativeartwork.ItdidnottakelongforAlexandraandherworktobecomefamous.Sheappearedontelevisionprogramsandinnewspapersandmagazinesallovertheworld.Thesaleofasinglepiececanearntheyoungartistthousandsofdollars.ButthatisnotwhyAlexandracreatesartwork.She_just_cannot_imagine_doing_anything_else_that_would_bring_her_such_joy_and_satisfaction.
Today，Alexandraisafull-timeartist.Shealsoworkstohelpsupporttheartsinschools.Alexandraisastrongbelieverinthepowerofartasatoolofcommunicationandabridgetobuildingpeacethroughouttheworld.
1.WhendidAlexandrabegindrawingpictures
A.Attheageofeight.
B.Attheageofseven.
C.Attheageoftwo.
D.Intheyearof1985.
2.Alexandrawascalled“LittlePicasso”because________.
A.sheleanedtopaintfromPicasso
B.herstyleofpaintingwaslikePicasso's
C.shewasoneofPicasso'sbigfans
D.herstyleofpaintingwasunusual
3.WhatcanwelearnfromtheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph4
A.Onlypaintingcanmakehersohappyandsatisfied.
B.Onlymoneycanmakehersohappyandsatisfied.
C.Anythingcanmakeherfeelhappyandsatisfied.
D.Nothingcanmakeherfeelhappyandsatisfied.
4.Accordingtothepassage，whichwordcanbestdescribeAlexandra
A.Polite.B.Generous.
C.Patient.D.Creative.
四、(2018·江苏泰州)
Thatyear，IwasaJunior2student.Fallingoffthestairshurtmeinthehead.AlmosteveryonethoughtIwasdead.Buttheywerewrong.However，itwasdifficulttogetbacktonormal(正常的)life.Ihadtoleaveschoolandlearneverything，walking，talking，andyes，maths.
Tohelpmewiththattask，Mrs.Pillarvolunteeredtocometothehospitalandlatertomyhouseonceaweek.Webeganwithbasicmathsskills.Astimepassedby，Imadeprogress.
IrememberveryvividlyhowshecametomyhomeonSundays，satwithmeatthekitchentable，andthrewdifferentcoinsonthetable.Sheaskedmetoshowher38cents,17cents,63cents.Itwaschallenging，butshealsomadeitfun.
Afterayearandahalf，Ihadprogressedalot，bothinbodyandmind，toreturntoschool.Sevenyearslater，IgraduatedfromtheUniversityofTexasatthetopofmyclass.
Asyearswentby，IalwayskeptintouchwithMrs.Pillar.Unluckily，onedaymyparentstoldmethatMrs.Pillarhadbeeninhospitalbecauseshesufferedastroke(中风)．
Nowitwasmyturntohelpher.Mrs.Pillarlayinbed，unabletospeakorknowanybodyaround.Ipulledsomecoinsoutofmypocket，droppedthemonherbed，andaskedhertoshowme12cents.ThenursethoughtthatmyactionwasverystrangeuntilonedayMrs.PillarsmiledhappilyasIbeganworkingwithher—justasshehadworkedwithmeyearsbefore.ShemadeprogresseverydayandwasmovedoutofICU(重症监护室)andfinallyoutofhospital.
Oneday，IcalledtowishherahappyNewYear.Shespokeintothephoneexcitedly，“HappyNewYeartoyouandyourfamily，Michael.Thankyouforeverythingyou'vedoneforme.”Iquicklysaid，“Thankyouforeverythingyou'vedoneforme.”
Mrs.PillarwasoneofmyJunior2teachers，butshetaughtmesomuchmoreaboutlifethanonlymaths.
1.Whichofthefollowingisthecorrectorderofwhathappenedinthestory
a.Mrs.Pillarsufferedastrokeandwasinhospital.
b.Ifelloffthestairsandhadtoleaveschool.
c.IreturnedtoschoolwithMrs.Pillar'shelp.
d.Mrs.Pillargotbetterwithmyhelp.
A.b-c-d-aB.c-a-d-b
C.b-c-a-dD.b-d-c-a
2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“vividly”meaninParagraph(段落)3
A.模糊地B.清晰地
C.彻底地D.感激地
3.Whatdoesthewritermeanbysaying“...IgraduatedfromtheUniversityofTexasatthetopofmyclass”inParagraph4
A.Hewasclevererthanhisclassmates.
B.Heworkedveryhardonmaths.
C.Hisclassmatesfailedtograduate.
D.Mrs.Pillar'shelpgreatlyinfluencedhim.
4.ThewriteraskedMrs.Pillartoshowhim12centsinthehospitalinorderto________.
A.helpMrs.PillarjustasMrs.Pillarhelpedhim
B.playaninterestinggamewithMrs.Pillar
C.seewhetherMrs.Pillarwasgettingbetter
D.makethenurseinthehospitalfeelstrange
5.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage
A.AGreatTeacher
B.AlwaysHaveADream
C.NeverGiveUp
D.KindnessMakesWonders
2.A【命题立意】推理判断题。[解析]第五段里提到裁缝用泥土覆盖想隐藏这条线，农民泼的是水，都是想隐藏或擦掉这条线，都不符合国王的要求，因为不允许擦掉这条线的任何一部分。因此这些人失败的原因都是把这条线的本身给擦除一些。故选A。
3.C【命题立意】推理判断题。[解析]面包师很想要一匹马，而这次国王的出这道难题的奖品刚好是一匹马，面包师确信自己可以解决这个难题，于是笑了。故选C。
1.C【命题立意】细节理解题。[解析]根据倒数第三段第一句“Papalookedfromthebrowncoattothepinkcoat”可知，她最初试穿的是一件棕色的上衣，然后才试穿这件粉红色的。故答案为C项。
3.A【命题立意】推理判断题。[解析]根据答语“likearoseinspring(像春天里的玫瑰花)”可知，上文应该问“我现在穿起来怎么样”。故答案为A项。
1.C【命题立意】细节理解题。[解析]根据第一段最后一句“Fromthedayshebegandrawingattheageoftwo，shewasanartist”可知，亚历山德拉是在两岁的时候开始画画的。答案为C项。
2.B【命题立意】细节理解题。[解析]根据第三段第三句“Alexandra'sworkwassimilarinsomewaystothepaintingsbyfamousartistslikePicasso”可知，亚历山德拉被称作“小毕加索”的原因是他们的作画风格很相似。故选择B项。
3.A【命题立意】推理判断题。[解析]画线句意为“她不能想象做任何其他事能带给她快乐和满足”，说明画画带给她极大的快乐和满足。故选择A项。
4.D【命题立意】主旨大意题。[解析]根据倒数第二段“PeoplewereamazedathowyoungAlexandrawas，butmostlytheylovedherimaginativeartwork”可知，答案是一个和imaginative(有想象力的)相近的词。A项意为“有礼貌的”；B项意为“大方的，慷慨的”；C项意为“耐心的”；D项意为“有创造力的”。故选择D项。
2.B【命题立意】词义猜测题。[解析]根据画线词的下一部分的描述可知，作者对当时的情景依然清晰的记忆。故选B。
3.D【命题立意】推理判断题。[解析]作者在老师的帮助下，学习成绩越来越好以至于后来以优异的成绩考上了大学。
4.A【命题立意】细节理解题。[解析]作者这样做的方法和当时老师对他做的是一样的，所以他用当年老师耐心辅导他的方式帮助老师恢复了健康。
5.D【命题立意】标题判断题。[解析]本文讲述了老师对作者的友善的帮助使作者考上了大学，同时在老师生病的时候作者又对她友善的帮助使老师恢复了健康，所以是善良创造了奇迹。