春节,也被称为农历新年。对于中国人来说,这是规模,最重要的传统节日。就如同西方的圣诞节一样,春节是一家团聚的日子。
TheSpringFestivalisalsocalledChineseLunarNewYear.BeingoneofthetraditionalChinesefestivals,itisthegrandestandmostimportantfestivalforChinesepeople.Itisalsothetimeforwholefamiliestogettogether,whichissimilartoChristmasforWesterners.
春节从农历新年第一天开始,几乎要持续半个月。但在民间传统中,这一节日从腊月23日就开始了,一直到正月十五(元宵节)。
ItcomesonthefirstdayofChineselunarcalendarandlastsforalmosthalfofamonth.Butinfolkcustom,thistraditionalholidaylastsfromthe23rddayofthetwelfthmonthtothe15thdayofthefirstmonth(TheLanternFestival)onthelunarcalendar.
春节习俗如何用英语介绍?
大年三十:团圆饭
December30th(lunarcalendar),NewYear'sEve:FamilyReunionDinner
OnNewYear'sEve,peoplewhoworkfarawaywillmanagetocomehome,regardlessoflong-distancetravel,sothe"GrandDinneronNewYear'sEve"isalsocalled"FamilyReunionDinner".Everyfamilywillmakethedinnerthemostsumptuousandceremoniousoneintheyear.Hostesseswillfetchoutpreparedfoodandallfamilymemberswillsittogetherandmakedumplingsinharmony.Attwelveo'clock,everyfamilywillshootofffirecrackerstogreetnewdaysandsendoffoldones.
正月初一:拜年
除夕过后就是正月初一,人们都会外出拜年。这一天人们忙得不亦乐乎,彼此表达美好的祝福。据说,正月初一这天人们不能扔东西,这样他们就可以把财富留在自个的家里,来年就会福星高照,幸福满满。
January1st(lunarcalendar):PayingaNewYear'svist
FollowingtheNewYear'sEveisthefirstdayoftheSpringFestival,adayforpayingaNewYear'svist,duringwhichpeoplewillbebusyingivingbestwishestooneanother.Itissaidthatpeopleshouldn'tdumpthingsonthefirstdayofthenewyear,sothattheywouldbeabletokeepwhateverworthoffortunetheywillbeinpossessionofinthenextyear.
正月初二:已婚妇女回门,给狗狗吃好
人们常说在祭祀之后,财神爷正月初二这天要上天。为了向神表达敬意,人们这天要吃馄饨,这是一种形状类似银锭的食物。传统上,已婚妇女要回娘家(回门儿),拜见亲生父母。第二天,中国人还要拜祖先和众神。由于这天是狗的生日,所以宠物和流浪狗都会有好吃的。
Secondday:BirthdayofDog
Peoplesaythatafterbeingofferedsacrifices,TsaiShen,theGodofWealth,leavesforheavenontheseconddayofthelunarNewYear.Inhonourofthedeity,peoplewilleatwonton,resemblingtheshapeofaningot.
Traditionallymarriedwomenwillvisitandpayrespecttotheirbirthparents.Onthesecondday,theChinesepraytotheirancestorsaswellastoallthegods.Sincethedayischaracterizedbythebirthdayofthedogs,petsandstrayswillbefedwell.
正月初三:扫墓,不上门拜访别人
过去三年间,家里有至亲过世的人是不能登门拜访别人的,这样可以表示敬意。人们在正月初三这天会去扫墓。有些人就说这天登门拜访别人是不吉利的,因为人们认为妖精这天会四处漫游,因此待在户外会倒霉的。
Thirdday,BirthdayofPig
Familieswhohadanimmediaterelativedeceasedinthepast3yearswillnotgohouse-visitingasaformofrespecttothedead.ThethirddayoftheNewYearisallocatedtograve-visitinginstead.Somepeopleconcludeitisinauspicioustodoanyhousevisitingatall,asitisbelievedthatevilspiritsroamtheearththisdayandhenceitwouldbebadlucktobeoutdoors.
正月初五(破五):拜财神爷
人们认为这天是财神爷的生日,所以要拜财神。早上燃放爆竹,迎接财神的到来。商家在这一天又开始营业。人们认为这天扫地不会再算是不吉利了。在北方,人们通常在这天吃饺子,同时会去拜访朋友和同学。
Fifthday,BirthdayofOx/Cattle:WelcomingtheGodofWealth
ThedayisregardedasthebirthdayoftheGodofWealthandhencerespectispaidtothegod.Inthemorning,firecrackersareexplodedasasignofwelcomingtheGodofWealth.Allbusinesseswillbereopenedonthatday.Sweepingthefloorisnotconsideredbadluckanymore.InnorthernChina,peopleusuallyeatJiǎozi(dumplings)onthatday.Friendsandclassmateswillbevisited.
正月初七(人日)
农历正月初七这天叫做“人日”,传说女娲初创世,在造出了鸡狗猪牛马等动物后,于第七天造出了人,所以这一天是人类的生日。同时,人们也将这一天叫做“人胜节”、“人七日”、“人庆节”及“人口日”。
Seventhday,BirthdayofMen
Theseventhdayofthefirstlunarmonthisnamedrenri(人日),literallymeaningHumanDay.Itisconsideredtobethebirthdayofordinary,orcommonmen.ThedayisalsocalledDayofMenorMenDay.
正月十五(元宵节):吃元宵,赏花灯
元宵节,也叫做“上元节”,人们在农历正月十五这天庆祝这个节日。这是一年中出现的第一个满月,象征着春天来临。元宵节也被认为是春节的最后一天,同时这天也是家人团圆的好日子。根据中国民俗,元宵节夜里,人们点着漂亮的灯笼到户外赏月、燃放烟花、猜灯谜、吃元宵,共同欢庆元宵节。
Fifteenthday,TheLanternFestival
TheLanternFestival,alsocalledYuanxiaoFestival,iscelebratedonJanuary15thofthelunarcalendar.ItisthefirstfullmoonnightintheChineselunaryear,symbolizingthecomingbackofthespring.TheLanternFestivalmayberegardedasthelastdayoftheSpringFestivalperiod.Itisagooddayforfamilyget-togethers.
AccordingtothefolkcustomofChina,peopleonthatnightwilllightupfancylanternsandgoouttoappreciatethemoon,setofffireworks,guessriddleswrittenonlanterns,andeatriceglueballstocelebratethefestival.
“年”的传说
在传统文化中,春节亦被称为“过年”。传说“年”是一种凶猛异常的怪物,每天都会吃一种动物(包括人)。人们非常惧怕他,当“年”夜间出来活动时,人们会找地方躲起来。后来,人们发现“年”非常害怕红色和爆竹,于是,人们用红色和鞭炮来驱赶“年”。久而久之,春节用大红色和放鞭炮的习俗就保留了下来。
Infolkculture,celebratingtheLunarNewYearisalsocalled“guonian”(literallymeaning“passingayear”).Itissaidthatthe“nian”(year)wasafierceandcruelmonster,andeveryday,itateonekindofanimalincludinghumanbeings.Humanbeingswerenaturallyscaredandhadtohideontheeveningwhenthe“nian”cameout.Later,peoplefoundthatthemonsterwasafraidoftheredcolorandfireworks.Soafterthat,peopleusedtheredcolorandfireworksorfirecrackerstodriveaway“nian”.Asaresult,thecustomhasremainedtothisday.
新春佳节
传统中国节日:traditionalChinesefestival
农历:lunarcalendar
腊八节:LabaFestival
除夕:LunarNewYear'sEve
春节:theSpringFestival
正月初一:LunarNewYear'sDay
元宵节:theLanternFestival
正月:thefirstmonthofthelunaryear
二月二:DragonHeads-raisingDay
传统习俗
喝腊八粥:eatLabaporridge
扫尘:sweepthedust
扫房:springcleaning
祭灶:offersacrificestotheGodofKitchen
守岁:stayup
拜年:payaNewYear'scall
祭祖:offersacrificestoone'sancestors
祭财神:worshiptheGodofWealth
春联:SpringFestivalcouplets
贴倒福:pastetheChinesecharacter"Fu"upsidedown
去晦气:getridoftheill-fortune
辞旧岁:bidfarewelltotheoldyear
兆头:omen
阖家团圆
吃团圆饭:haveafamilyreuniondinner
年夜饭:NewYear'sEvedinner
全家团圆:familyreunion
办年货:doSpringFestivalshopping
敬酒:proposeatoast
穿新衣:wearnewclothes
红包:redenvelops
压岁钱:giftmoney;moneygiventochildrenasaLunarNewYeargift
春节美食
年糕:ricecake;NewYearcake
饺子:dumplings;Chinesemeatravioli
汤圆:dumplingsmadeofsweetrice
八宝饭:eight-treasurericepudding(steamedglutinousricewithbeanpaste,lotusseeds,preservedfruit,etc.)
什锦糖:assortedcandies
糖莲子:candiedlotusseed
花生糖:peanutcandy
蜜冬瓜:candiedwintermelon
瓜子:redmelonseeds
金桔:cumquat
红枣:reddates
春卷:springroll
冰糖葫芦:candiedhawsonastick
驴肉火烧:donkeyburger
腊肠:Chinesesausage
米酒:ricewine
腊肉:preservedmeat
糖板栗:sugarchestnut
四喜丸子:four-joymeatballs
民间艺术
泥人:clayfigure
皮影戏:shadowpuppetry
木偶戏:puppetshow
刺绣:embroidery
剪纸:paper-cut
中国结:Chineseknot
年画:NewYearpainting
吹糖人:sugar-figureblowing
舞龙:dragondance
舞狮:liondance
秧歌:Yongkodance;ruralfolkdance
灯笼:lantern
娱乐活动
打麻将:playmahjong
庙会:templefair
春节联欢晚会:SpringFestivalgala
灯会:exhibitoflanterns
送贺卡:sendNewYear'sgreetingcards
理发:haveahaircut
放烟花:setofffireworks
放鞭炮:setofffirecrackers
灯谜:riddleswrittenonlanterns
各路神仙
门神:theGodofDoor
灶神:theGodofKitchen
财神:theGodofWealth
土地爷:theGodofLand
火神:theGodofFire
喜神:theGodofHappiness
福禄寿三星:thethreegodsoffortune,prosperityandlongevity
八仙:theEightImmortals
春节英语祝福语
Treasuresfillthehome
财源广进
Businessflourishes
事业兴隆
Peaceallyearround
岁岁平安
Wishingyouprosperity
恭喜发财
Harmonybringswealth
家和万事兴
Mayallyourwishescometrue
心想事成
Everythinggoeswell
万事如意
Thecountryflourishesandpeopleliveinpeace
国家富强、人民安康
Moneyandtreasureswillbeplentiful
财源茂盛
WishingyoueverysuccessPromotingtoahigherposition
事业有成、更上一层楼、蒸蒸日上
Safetripwhereveryougo
一帆风顺
Wishyouhappinessandprosperityinthecomingyear!
祝你新的一年快乐幸福
Wishyousuccessinyourcareerandhappinessofyourfamily!
事业成功,家庭美满(阖家欢乐)
MaythejoyofNewYearbewithyouthroughouttheyear.
愿新年的快乐一年四季常在。
PeaceandloveforyouatNewYearfromallyourstudents.
祝老师新年充满平安和爱。
WishingyouasparklingNewYearandbrighthappyNewYear!Maytheseasonbringmuchpleasuretoyou.