1.2022·北京西城·北京十四中统考二模
2.2022·北京·北京八十中校考模拟预测
3.2023·河北衡水·河北衡水中学校考模拟预测
4.2022·安徽合肥·合肥市第八中学校考模拟预测
5.2022·河南开封·统考一模
6.2022·湖北黄冈·黄冈中学校考三模
7.2022·湖南长沙·湖南师大附中校考三模
8.2022·江苏苏州·校联考二模
9.2022·广东茂名·统考一模
10.2023·重庆·统考模拟预测
NASAwillcrashaspacecraftintoanasteroid（小行星）totrytochangeitsorbit,attemptingtopreventhumansgoingthesamewayasthedinosaurs.
Earthisconstantlybeingdisturbedbysmallpiecesofdebris（碎片）,buttheyusuallyburnuporbreakuplongbeforetheyhittheground.Onceinawhile,however,somethinglargeenoughtodosignificantdamagemakesimpact.About66millionyearsago,onesuchcrashisthoughttohavewipedoutthedinosaurs.Someday,somethingsimilarcouldendhumanbeings-unlesswecanfindawaytotackleit.
NASA’sDoubleAsteroidRedirectionTest（Dart）missionisthefirstattempttotestifsuchasteroidredirectionisarealisticstrategy:investigatingwhetheraspacecraftcanautonomouslyreachatargetasteroidandintentionallycrashintoit,aswellasmeasuringtheamountofredirection.“Ifitworks,itwouldbeabigdeal,becauseitwouldprovethatwehavethetechnicalcapabilityofprotectingourselves,”saidJayTate,thedirectoroftheNationalNearEarthObjectInformationCenter.
The610kgDartspacecraftisscheduledtobelaunchedatthetarget—theDidymossystem-aharmlesspairofasteroidsconsistingofa163-metre“moonlet”asteroidcalledDimorphosthatorbitsalarger780-metreasteroidcalledDidymos（Greekfor“twin”）.TheplanistocrashthespacecraftintoDimorphoswhentheasteroidsystemisatitsclosesttoEarth-about6.8millionmilesaway.
About10daysbeforetheimpact,aminiaturizedsatellitecalledLiciaCubewillseparatefromthemainspacecraft,enablingimagesoftheimpacttoberelayedbacktoEarth.Combinedwithobservationsfromground-basedtelescopes,andanonboardcamerathatwillrecordthefinalmomentsbeforethecrash,theserecordingswillenablescientiststocalculatethedegreetowhichtheimpacthaschangedDimorphos’sorbit.Theexpectationisthatitwillchangethespeedofthesmallerasteroidbyapproximately1%andreduceitsorbitaroundthelargerasteroid.
Then,inNovember2024,theEuropeanSpaceAgency’sHeraspacecraftwillvisittheDidymossystemandconductafurtherclose-upanalysisoftheconsequencesofthissnooker（斯诺克）game,recordingdetailssuchastheprecisemakeupandinternalstructureofDimorphos,andthesizeandshapeoftheholeleftbyDart.Suchdetailsarevitalfortransformingasteroidredirectionintoarepeatabletechnique.
Eventhen,itisimpossiblethatanysingleredirectionstrategywouldbeenough.“Theproblemisthatnotwoasteroidsorcometsarealike,andhowyouredirectonedependsonahugenumberofvariables.Thereisnosilverbulletinthisgame.Whatyouneedisawholefolderofdifferentredirectionmethodsfordifferenttypesoftargets,”saidTate.
So,whilethismaybeonesmallsteptowardsplanetaryprotection,manymorearelikelytobenecessarytoavoiddestruction.
1．WhatisthepurposeofParagraph2
A．Toexaminetheimpactofdinosaurs’extinction.
B．ToexplainthenecessityofNASA’sDartmission.
C．Toshowthedamagecausedbysmallpiecesofdebris.
D．Tohighlightthecrisisthreateninghumanbeingsatpresent.
2．Whichofthefollowingpicturesillustratesthemission
3．WhatisthefunctionofLiciaCube
A．SendingimpactdatabacktoEarth.
B．CalculatingthelengthofDimorphos’sorbit.
C．Helpingthesatelliteseparatefromthespacecraft.
D．Recordingthescientists’ground-basedobservations.
4．Whatdoestheunderlinedsentence“Thereisnosilverbulletinthisgame”mean
A．Thereisnochallengetoobigtoovercome.
B．ThereisnopossibilitytosatisfyNASA’sneeds.
C．Thereisnosinglesolutiontothecomplexproblem.
D．Thereisnostrategytohelpmakeanobviousdecision.
B
（2022·北京·北京八十中校考模拟预测）Ifyoustartasentencewith,“IfIwereyou...”orfindyourselfscratchingyourheadoveradecisionwhentheansweriscrystal-clear,there’sascientificreasonbehindit.Ourowndecision-makingabilitiescanbecomeexhaustedoverthecourseofthedaycausingindecisionorpoorchoices,butchoosingonbehalfofsomeoneelseisanenjoyabletaskthatdoesn’tsufferthesamedifficulties.
“Theproblemisdecisionfatigue,apsychologicalphenomenonthatcausesharmtothequalityofyourchoicesafteralongdayofdecisionmaking,”saysEvanPolman,aleadingpsychologist.
Physiciansonthejobforseveralhours,forexample,aremorelikelytoprescribeantibiotics（抗生素）topatientswhenit’sunwisetodoso.“Presumablyit’sbecauseit’ssimpleandeasytowriteapresc_riptionandconsiderapatientcaseclosedratherthaninvestigatefurther,”Polmansays.
Butdecisionfatiguegoesawaywhenyouaremakingthedecisionforsomeoneelse.Whenpeopleimaginethemselvesasadvisers,theyfeellesstiredandrelylessondecisionshortcuts.“Bytakingupontheroleofadviserratherthandecisionmaker,onedoesnotsuffertheconsequencesofdecisionfatigue,”hesays.“Itisasifthereissomethingfunaboutmakingsomeoneelse’schoice.”
“Gettinginputfromothersnotonlyoffersafreshperspectiveandthoughtprocess,itoftenalsoincludesriskierchoices.Whilethissoundsundesirable,itcanbequitegood.Whenpeopleexperiencedecisionfatigue,whentheyaretiredofmakingchoices,theyhaveatendencytochoosetogowithstatusquo,”saysPolman.“Butitcanbeproblematicsinceachangeinthecourseofactioncanbeimportantandleadtoapositiveoutcome.”
Toachieveasuccessfuloutcomeorreward,somelevelofriskisalmostalwaysessential.“Peoplewhoaresusceptibletodecisionfatiguewilllikelychoosetodonothingoversomething,”hesays.“That’snottosayriskisalwaysgood,butitisrelatedtotakingaction,whereasdecisionfatigueassuredlyleadstoinactionandthepossiblechagrin（懊恼）ofadecisionmakerwhomightotherwisepreferanewcoursebutisunfortunatelyhindered.”
“Justbecauseyoucanmakegoodchoicesforothersdoesn’tmeanyou’lldothesameforyourself,”Polmancautions.“Researchhasfoundthatwomennegotiatehighersalariesforothersthantheydoforthemselves,”hesays,addingthatpeopleslipinandoutofdecisionroles.
5．Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutpeoplemakingdecisions
A．Theytendtomakedecisionsthewaytheythinkadvantageoustothem.
B．Theymaybecomeexhaustedmakingtoomanydecisionsforthemselves.
C．Theyshowconsiderabledifferencesintheirdecision-makingabilities.
D．Theyaremorecautiousinmakingdecisionsforothersthanforthemselves.
6．Whendopeoplefeellessdecisionfatigue
A．Whentheytakedecisionshortcuts.
B．Whentheyhaveadviserstoturnto.
C．Whentheyhavemajordecisionstomake.
D．Whentheyhelpotherstomakedecisions.
7．Whatarepeoplelikelytodowhendecisionfatiguesetsin
A．Theyavoidtryinganythingnew.
B．Theyturntophysiciansforadvice.
C．Theytendtomakeriskydecisions.
D．Theyadoptatotallynewperspective.
8．Whatdoesthepassagesayabouttakingsomeriskindecisionmaking
A．Itwillenablepeopletobemorecreative.
B．Itwillmoreoftenthannotendinregret.
C．Itisvitalforonetoreachthegoaldesired.
D．Itislikelytobringaboutseriousconsequences.
C
（2023·河北衡水·河北衡水中学校考模拟预测）Afamousspringboarddriverwasdefeatedbyhiscompetitorinthefinalsofaworldchampionship,offeringcongratulationstothewinnerandwavingatearfulgoodbyetotheaudience.
Itiscommonintheathleticworld.Sportsmenspendthebestpartoftheirlivesonhardtrainingandcompetitions.Whenitbecomesevidentthattheyareonthedeclinetheystillmakegreateffortstogivetheirbestsoastobringasatisfactoryendtotheircareer.
Chancestocompeteforthechampionshiparefewandfarbetween.Lifeisshort.Stillshorteristhetimeforanathletetryingtowingames.Anathleticcontestantreallyfeelsthattherearesofewopportunitiesandtimeflies.Hetreasureseveryminute,makesfulluseofitandtriestograspanychancecominghisway.Hegetsasmuchashegives,winninghonorsnotonlyforhimselfbutalsoforhiscountry.
Toparticipateandtowin——thatistheOlympicspirit.Itfindsexpressionintheweakdaringtochallengethestrong,andthestrongsearchingforeverbetterperformance.Everbetter—theidealalwaysmakesasportsmanforward.Hewilldoeverythinghecanforit,neverrelax,nevergiveup.Itissaidthatnoneofthecompetitorscanavoidbeingdefeated—eventhebestisboundtobedefeatedbysomeonestillstronger.Thisistheruleofsports—thousandsofloserssetoffonewinnerwhointurnwilleventuallybereplacedbysomeoneonthehonorlist.However,heisalwaystryingtodothebesthecan.Whenthetimecomesandheknowshecan’t,hewillstepdownhappilytogiveplacetotheyoungerwinner,awarecontentedlyofthefactthathehasdonehisbestforthe“everbetter”recordsoftheOlympicGames.Hewillsayproudlythathehasnotlivedhisyouthinvain.
9．Whatisthefunctionofthefirstparagraph
A．Toexplainaphenomenon.
B．Todescribeacompetition.
C．Toleadinthetopicofthispassage.
D．Toexpressworriesaboutsportsmen.
10．Accordingtothepassage,whatkindofidealpushesanathleteforward
A．Hewantstowinpeople’srespect.
B．Hewantstowinhonorforhisnation.
C．Hewantstomakegreaterachievementsthanever.
D．Hewantstoearnmoreandmoremoneyandfame.
11．Whatcanbelearntfromtheruleofsports
A．Whateverdifficultiesyouhavemet,nevergiveup.
B．Eventhestrongestathletewillbedefeatedoneday.
C．Youcan’tliveinthesportsfieldwithoutanyeffortorprogress.
D．Youarethewinnerifyouarebraveenoughtochallengethestrong.
12．Whatisthepassagemainlyabout
A．Sportsmen’sspirit.B．Sportsmen’slife.
C．Sportsmen’shonor.D．Sportsmen’spride.
D
（2022·安徽合肥·合肥市第八中学校考模拟预测）Caladidn’tlikeus.Anyofus.Wedidn’tdoanythingtooffendherandshedidn’tknowusbutthatdidn’tmatter;shestilldidn’tlikeus.
AsnewteachersintheEmiratischool,weWesternersgreetedhereveryday.Sheignoredus.Shecameintoourroomsandbypassedusassheshookhandswithallthenon-Westerners.Wheneverwesawher,sheavoidedeyecontactwithus.Eventually,westoppedtryingtobefriendher.
Iwouldn’tsayhernationalitybutherfriendshadbeenfiredfromtheschool.Wehadbeenemployedintheirplacesandthatwasenoughforhertohavenothingtodowithus.
Wellafter16monthsintheschoolwehadasecretfriendgifting.Tomysurprise,Idrewhernamefromtheglassjarandthatmeantshewasmysecretfriend.Myrolewastobuyheragiftandsaysomethingaboutherwhenwepubliclyacknowledgedwhooursecretfriendwas.
Idecidedtogiftheracolouredbangle（手镯）.Iaddedapostcardandwrote“LoveandBlessings,RoseMarie.”
Thencametheday.Weallgatheredinthemeetingroom.Whenyougaveyourgift,yousaidafewkindwordsaboutyoursecretfriendandpassedthegifttoher.WhatcouldIsayEveryoneknewshedidn’tliketheWesterners.Shetaughtmusicintheschool,soIsaid“Mysecretfriendissomeonewhobringsmusictoourearseveryday.”Shecameforwardwithahugewarmsmile.Shehuggedmeandkissedmeonbothcheeksandacceptedmygift.
Sincethen,shesmilesoften.Wehugandshakehandswhenwemeet.IhaveseenherwearmygiftseveraltimesandIamsopleased.
13．WhatwastheproblembetweenCalaandus
A．Shedislikedsomeofus.
B．Weseldomgreetedher.
C．Wehadoffendedherpreviouslybyaccident.
D．Sheblamedusforreplacingherfriendsatwork.
14．Whatdoweknowabouttheactivityofsecretfriendgifting
A．Itwasheldannuallyintheschool.
B．Peoplecouldpicktheirownsecretfriends.
C．Namesofthesecretfriendswerekeptinajar.
D．Secretfriendsshouldmakecommentsonthegiftsreceived.
15．WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeCala
A．Welcoming.B．Grateful.
C．Professional.D．Popular.
16．Whatcanwelearnfromthestory
A．Peopleshouldbeloyaltofriends.B．Workplaceisfilledwithcompetition.
C．Sincerityandeffortswillpayoff.D．Differencescanneverstopfriendship.
E
（2022·河南开封·统考一模）LiuYexihastakenDouyinbystorm.AsofNov.17,thevirtualidol,whoappearedonthesocialmediaplatformonOct.31,hadonlyreleasedtwoshortvideosbutattractedover5millionfollowers.Differentfromothervirtualidols,Liuisdefinedasa“virtualbeautyvlogger”.Inherfirstvideo,LiuisdoingmakeupwithaneyebrushwhiledressedinatraditionalChinesecostume.Whensheturnsaround,theonlookersareterrified,exceptoneboy.ThenLiuslightlybrushestheboyseyes,allowinghimtoseethefantasyworldinherowneyes.
Theinternetuserswereimpressedbyitsstoryline,science-fictionelementsandspecialvisualeffectswithcyberpunkstyle.LiangZikang,theCEOoftheproductionteam,toldChinaNewsweekthattheteamspenttwomonthsmakingthevideo.
LiusinstantpopularityonlinefurtherreflectsthatthevirtualidolindustryinChinahasbeenbooming.Thereareover32,400virtualidolsthathaveopenedaccountsonvideo-sharingplatformBilibiliinthepastyear,seeingayear-on-yearriseof40percent,ChenRui,theCEOofBilibili,saidinaspeech.
Asmoreyoungpeoplearefascinatedbythesevirtualfigures,theircommercialvaluehasbeenontherise.Generally,theyearnmoneybyendorsements（代言）,onlineconcerts,livestreamingandrelatedproducts.Forexample,LuoTianyi,awell-knownvirtualsinger,cooperatedwithlivestreamerLiJiaqitopromotegoodsin2020.
Therefore,somepeoplearewonderingwhethertheywillreplacerealhumans.“Theseso-calledvirtualidolshaverealhumanteamstobackthemupandcontrolthem.Theyarenotreallyvirtual,”DingDaoshi,anindependentanalystintheinternetsector,toldtheGlobalTimes.Therealvirtualidolwillcomewhenartificialintelligenceachievesanewlevelofself-learningandself-trainingandtheninteractswithothers,headded.
17．WhichofthefollowingcontributestothepopularityofLiuYexisvideo
A．Thevideoinvolvessci-fielements.
B．Thevideofeaturesfunnyvisualeffects.
C．Thevideoteachesusefulmakeupskills.
D．ThevideotellsatraditionalChinesestory.
18．Whichisanadvantagevirtualidolshaveoverrealidols
A．Theycanattractmorefollowers.
B．Theyhavehighercommercialvalue.
C．Theycanbeapproachedmoreeasily.
D．Theyareequippedwithbettertalents.
19．WhatdoweknowaboutthecurrentvirtualidolsaccordingtoDing
A．Theycaninteractwitheachother.
B．Theywillreplacehumanidolssoon.
C．Theyaredependentonhumanteams.
D．Theycanlearnandtrainbythemselves.
20．Whichisthebesttitleforthetext
A．VirtualidolsaresweepingtheInternet.
B．Peopleraiseconcernaboutvirtualidols.
C．AItechnologyhasmadeanewbreakthrough.
D．Socialmediaplatformsaregainingpopularity.
F
（2022·湖北黄冈·黄冈中学校考三模）DozensofseaturtlesswimpastasIdive.Suddenlyadivercutsmeoff.Thenanother.“Hey!”Ithink.“Watchwhereyou’regoing!”ThenIrealize:Thesearen’tdivers.Theyaresealions!Thecreaturesblowbubblesatmeandthegroupof11kidsI’monvocationswith,hittingusslightlyonourbacks.Tonotbotherthemmuch,wetearourselvesawayfromthewonderland.
WetakethistriptotheGalapagosIslands,agroupoftropicalislandscrossingtheequator.OurhotelisaboatcalledtheEclipsethathasapool.Humansaren’tallowedtoliveonmostoftheislands.Theonlywaypeoplecanexperiencethemagicofthisplaceandmeetanimalsonalltheislandsisby“panga”.“OursmallmotorboatismoreimportantthantheEclipse.It’sverysafe,”saysalocalguide,Fielsch.Lackofhumanthreatmakestheanimalsfriendly.“Theydon’tknowenoughtobescaredofhumans.”Ourgroupexperiencethatfirsthand.Whenwereturnafterourdivingadventure,wefindsealionslyingnexttoourbackpacks!Walkingalongthesand,weseemorewildlife:seals,redcrabs,orcas.
Thefollowingmorning,wereachFernandinaIsland,knownforitsvolcano.Flightlessbirdscalledcormorantsbuildnestsontherocks.NearbyareGalapagospenguins.Averagingabout19inchesinheight,they’rethesecondsmallestspeciesofpenguinintheworld.“TheGalapagosaresocurious,”says12-year-oldHarry.“You’vegotpenguinslivingfarfromthefrozenSouthPole,andbirdsthatdon’tfly!”
Aswerideback,sixpenguinsstandlikesoldiers,seemingtosaygoodbye.It’sourlastday;noneofuswantstoleavethisplace.Weknowthistriphasbeenamilestoneforus.Amarkedshiftinourattitudestowardsthenaturalworldisunderway.“TheGalapagosIslandsseemtobreaktheworld’srules,”saysHarry.“Morethanever,I’minterestedinsavingtheenvironment.Theseanimalstrulyneedourcare,”hissisterHannahadds.
21．Howdoestheauthorfindthedivingexperience
A．Attractive.B．Disturbing.
C．Dangerous.D．Valuable.
22．What’sthefunctionof“panga”
A．Toprotectpeoplefromdanger.
B．Toprovideashelterforlocalpeople.
C．Toguidepeopleinseeingtheanimals.
D．Totransportpeopletoeachoftheislands.
23．What’sspecialaboutGalapagospenguins
A．Theyarenotabletofly.
B．Theyremainhiddenfromview.
C．Theyliveinatropicalclimate.
D．They’rethesmallestoftheirkind.
24．Whyisthetripconsideredamilestonefortheauthor’sgroup
A．Itexpandstheirknowledgeoftheworld.
B．Itchangesthewaytheythinkaboutnature.
C．Itinspiresthemtoprotecttheenvironment.
D．Itenablesthemtointeractwithvariouswildlife.
G
（2022·湖南长沙·湖南师大附中校考三模）Agroupofscientistsarehurryingtodo_cumentancientruinsontheUSterritoryofPueroRico.Thescientistsareworkingasfastastheycanbeforerisingsealevelsdestroyalargepartoftheisland’shistory.
Scientistshopetousethe3-Dimagestheyhavetakentohelpidentifywhichsitesaremostat-risktonaturaldisastersandotherdangers.FalkoKuester,ascientist,said,“Abigpartofwhatwe’reworkingonistomaketheinvisiblevisibleandmakesureitstaysinourmemory.”
ScientistsfirstexploredalargestretchoflandalongPuertoRico’snorthcoast.ThatareaincludesaceremonialcenterusedbytheTainoIndiansabout2,000yearsago.IsabelRivera,anenvironmentalarchaeologist,saidthescientistsfoundwhatappearstobealargesettlementjusteastoftheceremonialsite.
TheTainosoncelivedonmanyislandsintheCaribbeanSea.ButafterthearrivalofChristopherColumbusandotherEuropeans,theindigenous（native）peoplewerenearlyallkilled.Riverasaid,“Uptotoday,thereisstillalotwedon’tknowaboutindigenousculturealongourcoasts.It’snotinourhistorybooks.Wewanttorecoverthatinformationbeforeitdisappears.”
SomescientistssaythatwarmertemperaturesintheCaribbeanincreasethenumberandstrengthofstorms.ScientistsnotedthatlargeamountsofwatercausedbyHurricaneMariawashedawaypartoftheareatheyarestudying.
EricLo,anengineer,flewtoPuertoRicoinAugust2017tolaunchtheprojectonemonthbeforeMariastrucktheisland.LowassurprisedatwhathesawwhenhereturnedtotheUSterritorymonthslater.Hesaid,“PiecesoflandwhereIhadstoodandflownthedronedidn’texistanymore.Theywereunderwater.”
Scientistsarenowtryingtofindouthowbadlythehurricaneandlossoflandhaveaffectedthearchaeologicalsitetheyarestudying.Scientistsareusing3-Dmodelsbasedondroneimagestomeasureareasandexploreotherdetails.
25．Whatcanscientistsmostprobablyseebyapplyingthe3-Dimages
A．Thesitesmostlikelytodisappearquickly.B．TheremainingterritoryofPueroRico.
C．Thesitesstayinginmemory.D．Thehistorydestroyedbyrisingsealevels.
26．WhatdoweknowabouttheTainosfromthetext
A．TheywereallkilledbyChristopherColumbus.
B．TheysettledinthecenterofPueroRico.
C．Theytookadvantageofaceremonialsite.
D．Theydidn’texperiencehurricanes.
27．WhatcanweinferfromEric’swords
A．Archaeologicaldiggingcausedthelossofland.
B．Hisengineeringworkisvalueless.
C．Stormsmadeseveredamagetothesites.
D．Globalwarmingisthecausetoallthelosses.
28．Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext
A．HowtowinovernatureB．Secretsofaheritagesite
C．ImpactsofclimatechangeD．Aracetodo_cumentheritage
H
（2022·江苏苏州·校联考二模）At1:43a.m.October5,2022,StanfordchemistCarolynR.BertozziwasawakenedbyaphonecallfromaNobelcommitteerepresentativewhotoldher,“Youhave50minutestocollectyourselfandwaituntilyourlifechanges.”Instructednottosharetheannouncementoutsideofhertightestinnercircle,thefirstpersonBertozzicalledwasherfather,aretiredphysicsprofessorfromMIT.“He’s91and,ofcourse,hewasjustoverjoyed,”saidBertozzi.
CarolynBertozzi,bornOctober10,1966,Boston,wasawardedtheNobelPrizeinchemistryforherdevelopmentofbioorthogonalreactions,whichallowscientiststoexplorecellsandtrackbiologicalprocesseswithoutdisturbingthenormalchemistryofthecell.Shesharesthe$10millionSwedishkronor（about$1millionUSD）prizeequallywithMortenMeldal,professoratUniversityofCopenhagenandK.BarrySharpless,professoratScrippsResearch“forthedevelopmentofclickchemistryandbioorthogonalchemistry.”
Carolynreceivedabachelor’sdegreeinchemistryfromHarvardUniversityin1988andadoctorateinthesamesubjectfromtheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeleyin1993.ShewasapostdoctoralfellowattheUniversityofCalifornia,SanFrancisco,from1993to1995.ShebecameanassistantprofessoratBerkeleyin1996andafullprofessorofchemistryandmolecularandcellbiologyin2002.Shealsoheldanappointmentasaprofessorofmolecularandcellularpharmacologyfrom2000to2002attheUniversityofCalifornia,SanFrancisco.In2015shebecameaprofessorofchemistryatStanfordUniversity.
“IcouldnotbemoredelightedthatCarolynBertozzihaswontheNobelPrizeinchemistry,”saidStanfordPresidentMarcTessier-Lavigne.“Inpioneeringthefieldofbioorthogonalchemistry,Carolyninventedanewwayofstudyingbiomolecularprocesses,onethathashelpedscientistsaroundtheworldgainadeeperunderstandingofchemicalreactionsinlivingsystems.Herworkhashadremarkablereal-worldimpact,providingnewdiagnosticandtherapeuticapproachestotreatdisease.Carolynissodeservingofthishonor,andallofusatStanfordaretooproudtocallheroneofourown.”
Carolyn’sbioorthogonalreactionshavebeenusedtostudyhowcellsbuildproteinsandothermolecules,todevelopnewcancermedicines,andtoproducenewmaterialsforenergystorage,amongmanyotherapplications.
29．WhydoestheauthormentionthephonecallCarolynreceivedinParagraph1
A．TointroducethebackgroundinformationofCarolyn.
B．Torevealaconversationbetweentwoscientists.
C．Toarousethereaders’interestinthepassage.
D．Toshowtheurgencyabouttheinformation.
30．WhatcanwelearnaboutCarolynfromparagraphs2and3
A．Hereducationandsuccess.B．Herdelightandpride.
C．Herkindnessanddevotion.D．Herdreamandambition.
31．WhatcanweinferfromMarcTessier-Lavigne’swords
A．HewantstocooperatewithCarolyn.
B．Carolynhasfoundanewcureforcancer.
C．HebenefitsgreatlyfromCarolyn’sfindings.
D．Carolyn’sfindingsareofgreatsignificance.
32．Whatisthetext
A．Aprofile.B．Anewsreport.
C．Ajournal.D．Abookreview.
I
（2022·广东茂名·统考一模）ThefamousSpanishpainterPabloPicassooncesaid,“IalwaysdowhatIcan’tdosothatIcanlearnhowtodoit.”Itstrikesachord（引起共鸣）withmebecausethat’sexactlywhatI’vedonetheseyears.
Oneofmyearliestmemoriesofdoingbeforelearningisofbakingscones（烤饼）whenIwasabout10yearsold.Iwantedtobakethemtosurprisemymotherwhenshereturnedhome.
BeforethatI’dobservedhowmymotherbakedthemmanytimes.AsIstartedtotry,Ididn’tknowIshouldn’thandlethedough（面团）withmyhandstoomuchonceI’daddedthebakingpowder（发酵粉）.However，Iknewexactlyhowtorolloutthedoughanduseacookiecuttertocutthescones,becausemymomhadalreadytaughtme.
Bythetimemymomarrivedhome,thesmelloffreshlybakedsconeswelcomedherintothekitchen.Theywerebakedtogoldenbrownperfection—flat,asaresultofoverhandlingthedough,buttheytastedOK.Mymomsweetlypraisedmeformyattempt,ratherthanscoldingmeforthestateofthekitchen,whichwaslikeatornadohadjustblown!
HavemyattemptsalwaysbeensuccessfulIwish!Someofmykitchendisasterswereofsuchproportionsthateventhedogswantednothingtodowiththem.Mygardeningfailuresdidn’tlivetoseeanotherseason.
Butmyhabitofdoingbeforelearningisstillhelpful.WhatevercomputerprogramorapplicationIhavetolearn,Idosobysimplystartingtouseit.Ido,learn,andimprove.SoifyouaskmewhetherIregretthatItendtodofirstandlearnlater,I’dsayIdon’t,becausewhatIhavediscoveredfromthoseisthewisdomtoknowwhenit’sOKtodoandthenlearn,andwhenit’sprobablybettertolearnandthendo!
33．Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthor’sfirstexperienceofbakingscones
A．Shepracticedhardbeforeactuallytrying.
B．Sheturnedtohermomwhennecessary.
C．Shewantedtoperformbetterthanhermom.
D．Shemanagedtodoitdespitealittleimperfection.
34．HowdidMomrespondtotheauthor’sattempt
A．Shemadeimprovementstothescones.
B．Sheexpressedherappreciationforthejob.
C．Shesharedherfirstexperienceofbaking.
D．Shewassurprisedbythemessinthekitchen.
35．Whatdoestheauthorthinkofherpracticesof“doingbeforelearning”
A．Theyarejustabarelyusablemethod.
B．Mostofthemhaveendedupinfailure.
C．Theycontributealottoherself-improvement.
D．Theyonlyapplytothelearningofspecificskills.
36．Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext
A．Tostresstheimportanceofkeepinglearning.
B．Toshowthebenefitsofdoingbeforelearning.
C．Toencouragepeopletodosomethingtheycan’tdo.
D．Tocallonreaderstochangetheirwayoflearning.
J
（2023·重庆·统考模拟预测）Thehumanbrainisacomplexorgan.Itstoreseverythingwegothrough,fromourlifeexperiencestoourskills,ourpreferences,allthethingsthatformourpersonalityandourexistencearestoredinourbrainsaloneasmemories.Withage,thiscomplexstructureoftenbeginstodeteriorate.Thememoriesbecomehardertorecall,westartforgettingthingsandourbrainfunctionsbecomeweakerandslowerwitheachpassingday.
DementiaandAlzheimer’sarementaldisordersthatcanleadtomanypainfulexperiences.Moresowhenyouseeyourownfriendsorfamilymemberssufferfromit.Buttherearesomewhodonotletevensuchproblemsbringthemdown.PaulHarvey,an81-year-oldorchestraconductor,isonesuchperson.LastSeptember,Harvey’ssonNickrecordedavideoofhisfatherplayingoneofhiscompositionsonthepianoandposteditonTwitter.HesuffersfromDementiatooandwantedtoshowtheworldtateventhismentaldisordercouldnottakemusicawayfromhisfather.Theoldmangainedappreciationandlovefrommillionsofpeopleontheinternet.
Paulwentagainstthediagnosisandprovedthatmusictrulydoesreachplacesevenwordsoractionscannot.HeputhismusicoutintheworldintheformofasinglerecordedbytheBBCPhilharmonicOrchestra.ThefundsraisedbysellingtherecordsofthissinglewillbegoingtotheAlzheimer’sSocietyandMusicforDementia.ThecampaignistomakemusicavailableforfreetopatientswhosufferfromconditionslikeAlzheimer’sandDementia.
Tomarkthedaysincehisvideowentviral.hewasalsoinvitedtoconducttheBBCPhilharmonicorchestraandgivenachancetoplaytwoofhiscompositionsattheirstudio,locatedinSalford.Itistrulyaheart-warmingstory.
37．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“deteriorate”inParagraph1mean
A．Becomeworse.B．Developslowly.C．Breakdowncompletely.D．Improvequickly.