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Gridsystem·Bootstrap

2024-10-23 00:00:00

595 687

Oneofthreecolumns

Oneofthreecolumns

Oneofthreecolumns

Breakingitdown,here’showitworks:

SeehowaspectsoftheBootstrapgridsystemworkacrossmultipledeviceswithahandytable.

Utilizebreakpoint-specificcolumnclassesforeasycolumnsizingwithoutanexplicitnumberedclasslike.col-sm-6.

Forexample,herearetwogridlayoutsthatapplytoeverydeviceandviewport,fromxstoxl.Addanynumberofunit-lessclassesforeachbreakpointyouneedandeverycolumnwillbethesamewidth.

ColumnColumnColumnColumnSettingonecolumnwidthAuto-layoutforflexboxgridcolumnsalsomeansyoucansetthewidthofonecolumnandhavethesiblingcolumnsautomaticallyresizearoundit.Youmayusepredefinedgridclasses(asshownbelow),gridmixins,orinlinewidths.Notethattheothercolumnswillresizenomatterthewidthofthecentercolumn.

1of32of3(wider)3of31of32of3(wider)3of3VariablewidthcontentUsecol-{breakpoint}-autoclassestosizecolumnsbasedonthenaturalwidthoftheircontent.

colcolcolcolResponsiveclassesBootstrap’sgridincludesfivetiersofpredefinedclassesforbuildingcomplexresponsivelayouts.Customizethesizeofyourcolumnsonextrasmall,small,medium,large,orextralargedeviceshoweveryouseefit.

Forgridsthatarethesamefromthesmallestofdevicestothelargest,usethe.coland.col-*classes.Specifyanumberedclasswhenyouneedaparticularlysizedcolumn;otherwise,feelfreetostickto.col.

colcolcolcolcol-8col-4StackedtohorizontalUsingasinglesetof.col-sm-*classes,youcancreateabasicgridsystemthatstartsoutstackedbeforebecominghorizontalwithatthesmallbreakpoint(sm).

col-sm-8col-sm-4col-smcol-smcol-smMixandmatchDon’twantyourcolumnstosimplystackinsomegridtiersUseacombinationofdifferentclassesforeachtierasneeded.Seetheexamplebelowforabetterideaofhowitallworks.

.col-12.col-md-8.col-6.col-md-4.col-6.col-md-4.col-6.col-md-4.col-6.col-md-4.col-6.col-6AlignmentUseflexboxalignmentutilitiestoverticallyandhorizontallyaligncolumns.

Needanedge-to-edgedesignDroptheparent.containeror.container-fluid.

.no-gutters{margin-right:0;margin-left:0;>.col,>[class*="col-"]{padding-right:0;padding-left:0;}}Inpractice,here’showitlooks.Noteyoucancontinuetousethiswithallotherpredefinedgridclasses(includingcolumnwidths,responsivetiers,reorders,andmore).

.col-12.col-sm-6.col-md-8.col-6.col-md-4ColumnwrappingIfmorethan12columnsareplacedwithinasinglerow,eachgroupofextracolumnswill,asoneunit,wrapontoanewline.

.col-9.col-4
Since9+4=13>12,this4-column-widedivgetswrappedontoanewlineasonecontiguousunit..col-6
Subsequentcolumnscontinuealongthenewline.ColumnbreaksBreakingcolumnstoanewlineinflexboxrequiresasmallhack:addanelementwithwidth:100%whereveryouwanttowrapyourcolumnstoanewline.Normallythisisaccomplishedwithmultiple.rows,butnoteveryimplementationmethodcanaccountforthis.

.col-6.col-sm-4.col-6.col-sm-4.col-6.col-sm-4.col-6.col-sm-4ReorderingOrderclassesUse.order-classesforcontrollingthevisualorderofyourcontent.Theseclassesareresponsive,soyoucansettheorderbybreakpoint(e.g.,.order-1.order-md-2).Includessupportfor1through12acrossallfivegridtiers.

First,butunorderedSecond,butlastThird,butfirstTherearealsoresponsive.order-firstand.order-lastclassesthatchangetheorderofanelementbyapplyingorder:-1andorder:13(order:$columns+1),respectively.Theseclassescanalsobeintermixedwiththenumbered.order-*classesasneeded.

Movecolumnstotherightusing.offset-md-*classes.Theseclassesincreasetheleftmarginofacolumnby*columns.Forexample,.offset-md-4moves.col-md-4overfourcolumns.

.col-sm-5.col-md-6.col-sm-5.offset-sm-2.col-md-6.offset-md-0.col-sm-6.col-md-5.col-lg-6.col-sm-6.col-md-5.offset-md-2.col-lg-6.offset-lg-0MarginutilitiesWiththemovetoflexboxinv4,youcanusemarginutilitieslike.mr-autotoforcesiblingcolumnsawayfromoneanother.

.col-md-4.col-md-4.ml-auto.col-md-3.ml-md-auto.col-md-3.ml-md-auto.col-auto.mr-auto.col-autoNestingTonestyourcontentwiththedefaultgrid,addanew.rowandsetof.col-sm-*columnswithinanexisting.col-sm-*column.Nestedrowsshouldincludeasetofcolumnsthataddupto12orfewer(itisnotrequiredthatyouuseall12availablecolumns).

Level1:.col-sm-9Level2:.col-8.col-sm-6Level2:.col-4.col-sm-6SassmixinsWhenusingBootstrap’ssourceSassfiles,youhavetheoptionofusingSassvariablesandmixinstocreatecustom,semantic,andresponsivepagelayouts.Ourpredefinedgridclassesusethesesamevariablesandmixinstoprovideawholesuiteofready-to-useclassesforfastresponsivelayouts.

Variablesandmapsdeterminethenumberofcolumns,thegutterwidth,andthemediaquerypointatwhichtobeginfloatingcolumns.Weusethesetogeneratethepredefinedgridclassesdocumentedabove,aswellasforthecustommixinslistedbelow.

$grid-columns:12;$grid-gutter-width:30px;$grid-breakpoints:(//Extrasmallscreen/phonexs:0,//Smallscreen/phonesm:576px,//Mediumscreen/tabletmd:768px,//Largescreen/desktoplg:992px,//Extralargescreen/widedesktopxl:1200px);$container-max-widths:(sm:540px,md:720px,lg:960px,xl:1140px);MixinsMixinsareusedinconjunctionwiththegridvariablestogeneratesemanticCSSforindividualgridcolumns.

//Createsawrapperforaseriesofcolumns@includemake-row();//Maketheelementgrid-ready(applyingeverythingbutthewidth)@includemake-col-ready();@includemake-col($size,$columns:$grid-columns);//Getfancybyoffsetting,orchangingthesortorder@includemake-col-offset($size,$columns:$grid-columns);ExampleusageYoucanmodifythevariablestoyourowncustomvalues,orjustusethemixinswiththeirdefaultvalues.Here’sanexampleofusingthedefaultsettingstocreateatwo-columnlayoutwithagapbetween.

.example-container{width:800px;@includemake-container();}.example-row{@includemake-row();}.example-content-main{@includemake-col-ready();@includemedia-breakpoint-up(sm){@includemake-col(6);}@includemedia-breakpoint-up(lg){@includemake-col(8);}}.example-content-secondary{@includemake-col-ready();@includemedia-breakpoint-up(sm){@includemake-col(6);}@includemedia-breakpoint-up(lg){@includemake-col(4);}}MaincontentSecondarycontentMaincontentSecondarycontentCustomizingthegridUsingourbuilt-ingridSassvariablesandmaps,it’spossibletocompletelycustomizethepredefinedgridclasses.Changethenumberoftiers,themediaquerydimensions,andthecontainerwidths—thenrecompile.

ThenumberofgridcolumnscanbemodifiedviaSassvariables.$grid-columnsisusedtogeneratethewidths(inpercent)ofeachindividualcolumnwhile$grid-gutter-widthallowsbreakpoint-specificwidthsthataredividedevenlyacrosspadding-leftandpadding-rightforthecolumngutters.

$grid-columns:12!default;$grid-gutter-width:30px!default;GridtiersMovingbeyondthecolumnsthemselves,youmayalsocustomizethenumberofgridtiers.Ifyouwantedjustfourgridtiers,you’dupdatethe$grid-breakpointsand$container-max-widthstosomethinglikethis:

$grid-breakpoints:(xs:0,sm:480px,md:768px,lg:1024px);$container-max-widths:(sm:420px,md:720px,lg:960px);WhenmakinganychangestotheSassvariablesormaps,you’llneedtosaveyourchangesandrecompile.Doingsowilloutputabrandnewsetofpredefinedgridclassesforcolumnwidths,offsets,andordering.Responsivevisibilityutilitieswillalsobeupdatedtousethecustombreakpoints.Makesuretosetgridvaluesinpx(notrem,em,or%).