目前主流的宠物粮食加工工艺依旧以膨化粮为主,随着宠物主人需求的多元化和加工工艺的更新换代,还有许多更加先进的工艺出现。
膨化粮
Puffedfood
膨化工艺也是狗粮原料成型的一次过程。成型过程中以蒸汽的形式将水分加入,使狗粮原料淀粉糊化,升温至100摄氏度-180摄氏度,因为挤出前压力很大,挤出时瞬间释压,水分冲出颗粒的瞬间,从而使狗粮迅速膨胀发泡,水分蒸发。
Puffingprocessisalsoaprocessofformingtherawmaterialofdogfood.Intheformingprocess,waterisaddedintheformofsteamtogelatinizetherawstarchofdogfood,andthetemperaturerisesto100degreesCelsiusto180degreesCelsius.Becauseofthegreatpressurebeforeextrusion,thepressureisreleasedinstantlywhenextrusion,andthewaterisrushedoutoftheparticlesinstantly,sothatthedogfoodexpandsrapidlyandbubbles,andthewaterevaporates.
优点:相对于膨化粮来说,营养价值高。因为不需要淀粉来粘合,可以极大程度地减少淀粉的使用,所以主要原料都是各种肉类,含肉量很高。
Advantages:Comparedwithexpandedgrain,highnutritionalvalue.Becausestarchisnotneededtobond,theuseofstarchcanbegreatlyreduced,sothemainrawmaterialsareallkindsofmeat,meatcontentisveryhigh.
缺点:价格偏高,对于犬来说过高的蛋白含量易肥胖、软便。
Disadvantages:Highprice,highproteincontentfordogspronetoobesity,softstool.
风干粮
Thewinddryfood
使用低温风干的工艺,主要是模拟自然风干的条件生产宠物食品的技术,即在低温干燥和高风速的条件下进行快速脱水干燥。尽可能地保留食材的营养成分,使其含有丰富的天然蛋白质。
Theprocessofusinglowtemperatureairdryingismainlyatechniqueofproducingpetfoodthatsimulatestheconditionsofnaturalairdrying,thatis,rapiddehydrationanddryingunderconditionsoflowtemperatureandhighwindspeed.Keepthenutrientsoftheingredientsasmuchaspossibleandmakethemrichinnaturalprotein.
煮鲜粮
Cookingfreshfood
直接各种原料蒸熟而成,也就是湿粮,真正意义上的新鲜。需要按周期派送。
Directlyfromallkindsofrawmaterialssteamed,thatis,wetfood,inthetruesenseoffresh.Itneedstobedeliveredonaregularbasis.
优点:含肉量高,适口性好。
Advantages:Highmeatcontent,goodpalatability.
缺点:需要冷冻,价格贵,不易保存
Disadvantages:Needtofreeze,expensive,noteasytokeep
低温烘焙粮
Lowtemperaturebakedgrain
低温烘焙,是指在一个大气压下,将原材料放置于低温的环境(烤箱)中烘焙缓慢熟成,差不多是制作膨化粮3倍以上的时长,并且不需要喷涂,最大程度地保留了原食材的生物活性和天然营养。
Lowtemperaturebakingreferstotheslowcookingofrawmaterialsinalowtemperatureenvironment(oven)underoneatmospherepressure,whichisaboutthreetimeslongerthanthecookingtimeofextrudedgrains,anddoesnotrequirespraying,thusretainingthebiologicalactivityandnaturalnutritionoftheoriginalingredientstothegreatestextent.
优点:颗粒表面不油腻,适口性好,营养更高。
Advantages:particlesurfaceisnotgreasy,palatabilityisgood,highernutrition.
缺点:价格贵,生产工艺不成熟。
Disadvantages:thepriceisexpensive,theproductionprocessisnotfamiliar.
冻干粮
Lyophilization
冻干技术起始于20世纪初期,当时研发目的是为了让宇航员即便身处太空也能吃到新鲜营养的食品。
将食材切成需要的形状大小,放入负几十度的快速冷冻仓库将食材进行冷冻。快速冷冻能使肉中的水结晶减少几小时后,推入冷冻仓,进行几十小时的冷冻干燥。然后用真空使冰升华,在冻干过程中,冷冻原材料中的冰晶水分,不融化成水,直接升华成气体,自然干燥。整个干燥过程在低温下进行,大约需要24小时,而且仅仅只有水份被抽干,食材中的营养素被较好的保留,是保证产品处于“生鲜”状态。
Lyophilizationwasdevelopedintheearly1900stoallowastronautstoeatfresh,nutritiousfoodeveninspace.
Cuttheingredientsintothedesiredshapeandsize,andfreezetheingredientsinanegativetensofdegreesflashfreezer.Quickfreezingreduceswatercrystallizationinthemeatforafewhoursandthenpushesitintothefreezerfordozensofhoursoffreeze-drying.Then,theiceissublimatedbyvacuum.Inthelyophilizationprocess,theicecrystalmoistureinthefrozenrawmaterialsissublimateddirectlyintogas,whichisdriednaturallywithoutmeltingintowater.Thewholedryingprocesstakesabout24hoursatalowtemperature,andonlythewaterisdrained,thenutrientsintheingredientsarebetterretained,toensurethattheproductisina"fresh"state.
优点:采用真材食料,食材看得见肉感丰富,原滋原味,原料保鲜度极高几乎不含水分,易保存。质量轻,方便携带,超高适口性,狗狗超爱吃。
Advantages:Theuseofrealfoodmaterials,foodmaterialscanbeseenandfleshy,theoriginaltaste,thefreshnessofrawmaterialsisveryhigh,almostnomoisture,easytopreserve.Lightweight,easytocarry,superpalatability,dogslovetoeat.