PCIE数据链路层协议(DataLinkLayerSpecifications)

认证主体:宁夏凯米世纪网络科技有限公司

IP属地:宁夏

统一社会信用代码/组织机构代码

91640100MA774ECW4K

1、数据链路层协议数据链路层作为处理层和物理层的中间层,为处理层tlp在链路中传递提供可靠机制。数据链路层主要负责tlp的可靠传输。所以数据链路层完成的主要任务是:1、数据交换。接收发送方处理层的tlp包,并送到物理层。另外从物理层接收tlp包并送到接收端的处理层。2、出错检测和裁决。lcrc和序列号(tlpsequencenumber)的生成;存储发送端的tlp用于再试重发;为tlp和dllp做数据完成性检测(crc校验);dllp的ack和nack响应;错误指示;链接确认超时重试机制。3、初始化和电源管理。跟踪链路状态并传送链路活动、链路复位、链路失去连连等状态给处理层;

3、交流链路状态,通过物理层来完成对链路的管理。链路层屮包含状态机dlcmsm(datalinkcontrolandmanagementstatemachine)来完成这些任务,以下详细介绍。dl_inactive一physicallayerreportinglinkisnon-operationalornothingisconnectedtotheportdl_init一physicallayerreportinglinkisoperational,initializeflowcontrolforthedefault

4、virtualchanneldl_active一normaloperationmodestatusoutput:dl_down-thedatalinklayerisnotcommunicatingwiththecomponentontheothersideofthelink.dl_up一thedatalinklayeriscommunicatingwiththecomponentontheothersideofthelinkdlinactivedljnactive状态随pcie复位z后,将所有数据链路状

5、态信息恢复到默认值,并放弃数据层重试缓冲器中的内容。当数据链路处于dljnactive状态时,将通知处理层链路处于非连接状态(dl_down),处理层将停止发送tlp。数据链路层将不产生和接收dllpo当接收到处理层的链路不是因软件致不使能的报告和物理层的physicallinkup=lb(一个物理层连接标志位)时,状态转换至dl.inito处于dljnitu态时,初始化流程控制成为vc0通道,当在fcjnit1初始化阶段时输出dl_down链路状态给处理层,在fcjnit2初始化阶段时输出dl_up连接状态给处理层。在初始化成功和物理层继续传递physicallinkup

6、=lb后,状态转换至dl_activeo如果physicallinkup=ob,状态转换至dl_inactiveodl_active就是总线正常运转的状态,数据包tlp和dllp正常发送和接收,发送dl_up至处理层。物理层的physicallinkup=ob报告使得状态转换至dljnactiveo接下来就要提到流程控制初始化协议(flowcontrolinitialization)。上电或者互连复位后,总线正常操作前,需要流程控制初始化至默认虚拟通道vc0。如果需要额外使能其他虚拟通道,必须在初始化vc0之后初始化相应虚拟通道的流程控制机制。vc初始化过程包括以下两个状态:

7、1、fc_init1,2、fcnit2。首先介绍fcjnit1状态,在需要初始化vc通道时进入fcjnit1状态,条件是链路处于dljnit状态,vcx二vc0;某vc通道(1-7)被软件使能。在fcjnit1状态,处理层阻止tlp的发送,数据链路层为vc通道按以下顺序发送initfcldllp:kinitfclp;2、initfclnp;3、initfclcpl这些dllp包的发送至少持续24us,并且建议按特定频率重复发送。在这期间,数据链路层不能阻止其他已经被初始化的虚拟通道的数据包发送(包括物理层初始化信息、ack和nakdllp.tlp)。对接收到的init

8、fcl和initfc2dllp按以下处理:1记录fc值(以credit为单位的基本缓冲空间值和类型)2.p、np、cpl的fc值被记录后,设置flagfilo在flagfi1被设置后,状态转至fc_init2。在fcjnit2状态,所做的处理基本与fcjnit1状态相同,除了对接收到的initfc2dllp处理:以接收到的initfc2dllp设置flagfi2o之后,流程控制初始化结束。上面多次提到dllp,是用丁支持链路操作数据信息包。ackdllp:tlp序列数据确认(sequencenumber),用于表明成功接收到某些tlp。nakdllp:tlp序

10、176;pmenterl2300100011pmactivestaterequestl100100100pmrequestack00110000vendorspecific一notusedinnormaloperation0100ov2v1volnitfc1-p(v2:0specifiesvirtualchannel)0101ov2v1volnitfc1-np0110ov2v1volnitfc1-cpl1100ov2v1volnitfc2-p1101ov2v1volnitfc2-np11100v2viv0initfc2-cpl100

11、00v2viv0updatefc-p1001ov2vivoupdatefc-np10100v2v1v0updatefc-cpiallotherencodingsreservedv2:0指明需要初始化的虚拟通道。ack>nak:byte0>byte4>+076543210+176543210+765423210+37654321000000000-ack00010000-nakreservedacknak_seq_num+16-bitcrcacknak_seq_num域表明那些tlp包受影响,详

12、细介绍后续。initfckinitfc2>updatefcdllp:byte0>byte4>7+6540321076+1543i21076+5i423210+37654321io11olq.unoio-o0v2:0-vcidrhdrfcrdatafc16-bitcrcom13783aom13782afigure3-6:datalinklayerpacketformatforiiiitfclfigure37:datalinklayerpacketformatforinitfc2om

13、13784afigure3-8:datalinklayerpacketformatforupdatefchdrfc包含p、np、cpl的包头header的cwdit值,datafc包含p、np、cpl有效数据负荷的credit值。pmdllp:电源管理链路数据包。+076543210+1765432107+2+365432107654321reservedbytfeo>byte4>16-bitcrcvendorspecific:byte0>definedbyvendorbyte4>16-b

14、itcrc接下來就讨论数据的完整性了,在数据链路层,使用tlpsequencenumber和lcrc校验做tlp的错谋检测,用crc-16做dllp的错误检测。包括两部分:一、发送端的lcrc、sequencenumber处理和重试(retry)机制。二、接收端的lcrc、sequencenumber处理机制。在发送端,tlp通过数据链路层进行发送,并进行lcrc计算确保tlp通过链路(link)时的数据完整性。sequencenumber用于tlp重发机制,在发送端,tlp被存在重发缓冲器,tlp将被重发除非接收到接收端的ack,数据重发多次不成功则发送端裁决链路连接不正常,动用物理层对链路重试,如果接收不到physicallinkup=lb,则数据链路层跳转进dljnactive状态。12位计数器next_transmit_seg用于存贮tlp的sequencenumber,在dljnactive设置为000ho12位计数器ackd_seg存贮最近接收到的ack或者aakdllp的sequencenum

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