1、1、英语音标发音表英语国际音标共48个音素，其中元音音素20个，辅音音素28个。对于初学者来说，若采用集中教学，要学会48个音素的发音并区别开。确实不易。笔者对音标的教学采用了相对集中的方法，即从字母名称教学过渡到部分音标教学。国际音标（英语语音）元音单元音前元音i:ie中元音:后元音u:u:a:双元音开合双元音eiaiiuau集中双元音iu辅音爆破音清辅音ptk浊辅音bdg摩擦音清辅音fsh浊辅音vz破擦音清辅音ttrts浊辅音ddrdz鼻音（浊辅音）mn舌则音（浊辅音）lr半元音（浊辅音）wj英语语音名词解释：1音节以元音为主体构成的发音单位，一般说来元音发音响亮，可以构成音节，辅音
2、发音不响亮，不能单独构成音节（mnl例外）。从单词拼写形式上看，有几个元字组就有几个音节。2音节的划分在重读音节和非重读音节的相邻处有两个辅字组时，一个辅字组属于前面的音节，一个属于后面的音节。例如：let-termem-berchil-drendaugh-ter在重读和非重读音节的相邻处只有一个辅字组时，如果前面重读音节里的元音是长音则辅字组属于后面一个音节，如果重读音节里的元音是短音，则辅字组属于重读音节。例如：长音pa-perstu-dentfa-therze-romo-torfar-ther短音sev-enstud-ymoth-erver-ymod-
3、leweath-er0-023重读音节单词中读音特别响亮的音节。用音标标记双音节、多音节词的读音时，应使用重读符号。单音节词多数是重读音节，标记读音时不需要使用重读符号。4开音节绝对开音节：单个元音字母后面没有辅字组的重读音节。例如：noblueba-bystu-dentse-cret相对开音节：单个元音字母后面加单个辅音字母，再加一个不发音字母e构成的重读音节。例如：namethesebikehomeexcuse五个元音字母在开音节中发长音ei:auju:5闭音节单个元音字母后面有辅字组（rwy除外）且以辅字组结尾的重读音节。例如：bage
4、ggfishnotcup6双音节词重读规则双音节词的第一个音节通常是重读音节。例如：stu-dentChi-nasec-ondau-tumn含有a-be-de-re-in-ex-等前缀的双音节词往往是在第二个音节上重读。双音节词的重读位置不会因增加前缀或后缀而发生改变。例如：aboutbeforeexcuserepairforget-fulinven-tor0-067多音节词重读规则多音节词通常在倒数第三个音节重读。例如：el-e-phantcon-grat-ula-tion词尾有-ic或-tion,-sion的词，在-ic或
5、-sion,-tion前的一个音节上重读。例如：scientificimpressionnation48个国际音标的发音元音：i:嘴唇微微张开，舌尖抵下齿，嘴角向两边张开，露出微笑的表情，与字母E的发音相同。i嘴唇微微张开，舌尖抵下齿，舌前部抬高，嘴形扁平。:嘴形扁平，上下齿微开，舍身平放，舌中部稍稍抬高。嘴唇微微张开，舌身放平，舌中部微微抬起，口腔自然放松发声。:双唇收得小而圆，并向前突出，舌身往后缩。口腔打开，嘴张大，舌头向后缩，双唇稍收圆。u:嘴形小而圆，微微外突，舌头尽量后缩。u嘴唇张开略向前突出，嘴形稍收圆并放松些，舌头后缩。:口腔打开，嘴张大，舌身放平，
6、舌尖不抵下齿，下巴放低，放松发音。嘴唇微微张开，伸向两边，舌尖轻触下齿，舌后部稍稍抬起。嘴张大，嘴角尽量拉向两边，成扁平形，舌尖抵下齿。e嘴形扁平，舌尖抵下齿，舌前部稍抬起。ei由e和i两个单音组成，e重读，i轻读，口形由半开到合，字母A就发这个音。ai由a和i两个单音组成，a重读，i轻读，口形由开到合，与字母I的发音相同。i由和i两个单音组成，重读，i轻读，口形由圆到扁，由开到合。au由a和u两个单音组成，a重读，u轻读，口型由大到小。u由和u两个单音组成，重读，u轻读，口形由半开到小，与字母O的发音相同。i由i和两个单音组成，i重读，轻读，双唇始终半开。e由e和两个单音
7、组成，e重读，轻读，舌端抵下齿，双唇半开。u由u和两个单音组成，u重读，轻读，双唇由收圆到半开。48个国际音标的发音辅音：p双唇紧闭，然后快速张开，让气流冲出口腔，发出爆破音，但声带不振动。b双唇紧闭，然后快速张开，让气流冲出口腔，发出爆破音，但声带需振动。t舌尖抵上齿龈，憋住气，然后突然弹开舌尖，让气流从口腔喷出，但声带不振动。d舌尖抵上齿龈，憋住气，然后弹开舌尖，让气流从口腔中喷出，但声带需振动。k舌后部抵住软腭，憋住气，然后突然间离开，将气送出来，想咳嗽一样，但声带不震动。舌后部抵住软腭，憋住气，然后突然间离开，将气送出来，但声带需振动。s双唇微微张开，舌头自然放松，气流从上下齿隙间
8、送出，但声带不振动。z双唇微微张开，舌头自然放松，气流从上下齿隙间送出，但声带需振动。双唇收圆并稍微突出，舌尖接近上齿龈，送气，声带不振动。双唇收圆并稍微突出，舌头稍微上卷，舌尖接近上齿龈，送气，但声带需振动。t双唇略微张开突出，舌尖抵住上齿龈，用力吐气，声带不振动。d双唇略微张开突出，舌尖抵住上齿龈，用力吐气，但声带需振动。f上齿轻轻接触下唇，然后吹气，让气流从唇齿间通过，形成摩擦，但声带不振动。v上齿轻轻接触下唇，然后吹气，让气流从唇齿间通过，形成摩擦，但声带需振动。舌尖微微伸出，上下齿轻轻咬住舌尖，送气，但声带不振动。上下齿轻轻咬住舌尖，送气，但声带需振动。ts舌尖先抵住上齿，堵住气流，
9、使气流从舌尖和齿龈间送出，声带不振动。dz舌尖先抵住上齿，堵住气流，使气流从舌尖和齿龈间送出。tr双唇收圆向前突出，舌尖上翘抵住上齿龈，采取伐r的姿势，声带不振动。dr双唇收圆向前突出，舌尖上翘抵住上齿龈，采取伐r的姿势，但声带振动。h嘴唇自然张开，自然呵气，声带不振动。r舌尖向上卷起，舌头不要接触任何部位，双唇稍微突出，声带振动。l舌尖抵住上齿龈，舌尖轻微用力弯曲，气流从舌的旁边送出。鼻音m双唇紧闭，舌头平放，气流从鼻腔送出，声带振动。n双唇微开，舌尖抵上齿龈，气流从鼻孔里出来，声带振动。双唇张开，舌尖抵上齿龈，气流从鼻腔送出，声带振动。辅音w双唇缩小并向前突出，舌后部抬起，嘴慢慢向两边滑开
10、。j嘴形成微笑状，舌尖抵住下齿，舌面贴住上颚，声带需振动。弃我去者，昨日之日不可留乱我心者，今日之日多烦忧48个国际音标表元音12个单元音长元音i:u:a:短元音iue8个双元音aieiiiuau辅音10对清辅音ptkfstrts浊辅音bdgvzdrdz3个鼻音mn3个似拼音hrl2个半元音wj/i/-发音要领的是：舌尖抵下齿，舌前部抬高，舌两侧抵上齿两侧，口形偏平。/i:/-发音要领是发音时舌尖抵下齿，前舌尽量抬高、舌位高于/i/：口形扁平。/e/-发音时舌尖抵下齿，舌前部稍抬起，舌位比/i:/低；唇形中常，开口度比/i:/大。/-发音时舌尖抵下齿；舌前部稍抬高，舌位比/e/更低；双唇平
11、伸，成扁平形。/-/是长元音。发音时口张大，舌身压低并后缩，后舌稍隆起，舌尖不抵下齿。双唇稍收圆。/-发音时口张大，舌身尽量降低并后缩，双唇稍稍收圆。/-它是长元音。发音时舌后部抬得比/即美式/美式/高，双唇收得更圆更小，并向前突出。/u/-发音时舌后部抬起，舌身后缩，舌尖离开下齿。双唇收圆，稍突出。/-发音时舌后部尽量抬起，舌位比/u/即美式读音/英式读音/高。双唇收圆并突出。口形比/u/稍小。/-发音时舌尖和舌端两侧轻触下齿，舌后部靠前部分稍抬起，唇形稍扁，开口度较大，与/相似。/-/是长元音。发音时舌中部比发/音时略高。双唇扁平。/-/是读短元音。发音时舌身平放，舌中部略隆起，双唇扁平。
12、/ei/-先发/e/音，然后滑向/i/音。双唇稍扁，口形从半开到合。/-它由元音/滑向后元音/u/即美音和英音的/，舌位由半低到高，口形由半开到小。注意将音发足。/ai/-/ai/为双元音。先发/a/音，然后滑向/i/音。舌尖抵住下齿。发此音的关键是要把/a/音发足，注意从开到合的滑动。/au/-/au/或/由/a/滑向/u/。舌位由低到高，口形由大到小。注意将音发足。/i/-发音时双唇从圆到扁，口形从开到合。发好这个音的关键是首先要把后元音/a/发足，然后滑向/i/音。/i/-其发音要领是从/i/音滑向/音，美音则滑向/r/音。前面的/i/发得较清楚，后面的/或/r/较弱。双唇始终半开。此音
13、一定要发足。/-其发音方法是从/e/音滑向/音。发间时舌端抵下齿，前舌略抬起，双唇半开，此音中的/有似于/e/音，/音较轻。/u/-发音时，嘴唇从收圆到半开。发好这个音的关键是首先要把/u/音发足，然后滑向/音。/p//b/-/p/是p的发音，/b/是b的发音。双唇爆破辅音。发音时双唇紧闭，憋住气，然后突灰分开，气流冲出口腔，发出爆破音。/p/是清辅音，声带不振动；/b/是浊辅音，声带振动。/t//d/-/t/是t的发音，/d/是d的发音。舌齿爆破辅音。发音时舌尖抵上齿龈，憋住气，然后突然分开，使气流冲出口腔，发出爆破音。/t/是清辅音，声带不振动；/d/是浊辅音，声带振动。/k//-/
14、k/是字母k和字母c的发音，/是字母g的读音。舌后软颚爆破辅音。发音时舌后部隆起紧贴软颚，憋住气，然后突然分开，气流送出口腔，形成爆破音。/k/是清辅音，声带不振动；/是浊辅音，声带振动。/f//v/-/f/是f和ph的发音，/v/是v的发音。唇齿摩擦辅音。发音时下唇轻触上齿，气流由唇齿间通过，形成摩擦音。/f/是清辅音，声带不振动；/v/是浊辅音，声带振动。//-/是th的发音。舌齿摩擦辅音。发音时舌尖轻触上齿背，气流由舌齿间送出，形成摩擦音。/是清辅音，声带不振动；/是浊辅音，声带振动。/s//z/-/s/z/是s的发音，/z/又是z的发音。舌齿摩擦辅音。发音时舌端靠近齿龈，气流由舌
15、端齿龈间送出，形成摩擦音。/s/是清辅音，声带不振动；/z/是浊浦音，声带振动。//-/是sh的发音，/是s的发音。舌端齿龈后部摩擦辅音。发音时舌端靠近齿龈后部，舌身抬起靠近上鄂，双唇稍收圆并略突出。气流通过时形成摩擦音。/是清辅音，声带不振动；/是浊辅音，声带振动。/h/-/h/是字母h的发音。声门摩擦辅音。发音时气流送出口腔，在通过声门时发出轻微摩擦；口形随其后的元音而变化。/h/是清辅音，声带不振动。/m/-/m/是m的发音。双唇鼻辅音。发音时软颚下垂，双唇紧闭，气流从鼻腔送出。/n/-/n/是n的发音。舌尖齿龈鼻辅音。发音时舌尖抵上齿龈，软颚下垂，气流从鼻腔送出。/-/是ng的发音。
16、舌后软颚鼻辅音。发音时软颚下垂，堵住口腔通道，气流从鼻腔送出。声带振动。/w/-/w/是w的发音。舌后软颚半元音。发音时舌后部向软颚抬起，舌位高。双唇收小并向前突出，声带振动。发音短促，立刻滑向其后的元音。/l/-/l/是l的发音。舌端齿龈边辅音。发音时舌尖及舌端紧贴上齿龈，舌前向硬颚抬起，气流从舌的旁边送出。当此音为尾音时，将舌端抵住上齿龈，舌前下限，舌后上抬，舌面形成凹形。浊辅音、声带振动。/r/-/r/是r的发音。舌尖齿龈(后部)摩擦辅音。发音时舌尖卷起，靠近上齿龈后部。舌两侧稍收扰。双唇略突出。气流通过舌尖和齿龈形成轻微摩擦。浊辅音，声带振动。/j/-/j/传统的国际音标的读音符号该音
17、是国音字母y在词首的读音，是舌前硬颚半元音。发音时舌前部向硬颚尽量抬起，舌位较高，双唇伸展成扁平状。它是个浊辅音，声带振动。/-/是ch的发音，/是dge的发音。舌端齿龈破擦辅音。发音时舌身抬高，舌端抵上齿龈后部，气流通过时发出破擦音。/是清辅音，声带不振动；/是浊辅音，声带振动。/ts//dz/传统的国际音标读音符号，新课本中美式、英式读音都没将其包括在内，破擦音/ts/、/dz/分别是字母组合ts和ds的读音。舌端齿龈破擦辅音。舌端先贴住齿龈，堵住气流，然后略下降，气流送出口腔。/ts/是清辅音，/dz/是浊辅音。/tr//dr/传统的国际音标读音符号。新课本中美式、英式读音都没将其包
18、括在内。/tr/、/dr/分别是tr、dr的发音。齿龈后部破擦辅音。发音时舌身与/r/相似，舌尖贴齿龈后部，气流冲破阻碍发出短促的/t/后立即发/r/。/tr/是清辅音，/dr/是浊辅音。i:字母组合eeeaeie-threetreegreensheepmeetbeefseeseekeatteameatleaveleadteacherteammeanspeakcleanpiece发音字母a-baghandandanthappyhatmapmadbadblackbackgladflagshallmane字母组合ea
19、ea-headbreadpleasureelephantelectricremembersellshelllessonbetterbeddeskhotelyesmanyany字母组合irureareror-girlshirtskirtthirtythirteenthirdbirdturnburnmurdernurseturtleThursdayburgerlearnearnearthheard字母组合erorouaroaeu-teacherleaderrememberplayerspeaker
20、farmerpowderdoctoractormayorauthortractordeliciousgraciouspleasurefamiliarcollardollartogethertomorrowtodaylessoncontrolaroundaccountagoelephantmantabananaCanadaa:字母组合ara-carfarmcardarmgardenfastclasslastglassplantauntcalm发音字母uoouoo-upsupperlunchfungun
21、huntcupbuscomemotherdosebrotherloveabovetroubleroughflourishbloodflood字母组合alorauourar-smallwalltalktallhallballcallwalkshortmorelordhorseforfortysportdoorfloorstoreauthorcaughtautumnfourmourncourtboughtwarmquarrelquarter发音字母oa-hotlostlotfoxboxmoph
22、oplosscollarnotwantwashwatchu:字母组合ooou-foodmoonroomgloombroomdoomgoosetoothshoedotwotruetruthbluefullprudeu字母组合ooouuo-lookgoodfootbookwoodshouldcouldputfullbullpullpushwomanwolfei发音字母aayeaaiey-namecakelategateplaneAprilplaysaymaywaygreatbreak
23、rainpaintplaintheygreyai发音字母iy-bikefinefinddieninelightnighthighmytryflyeyeau字母组合ouow-houseoutflourgroundaccountcountsoundloudaroundmouseflowerdownnowcowhowtown发音字母oowoa-homecoldgonophonehostghostknowlowbelowgrowblowshowflowboatcoatgoali字母组合eere
24、ar-beerdeerearnearherefierceidea字母组合earairere-pearbearchairairfairtherewherecareu字母组合ourower-hourtourflowershowerttreetwotentontowntwentycityddoordulldeskdosedodogdictionarykkingkitekeylookcookbookkitchenskyggirlgoodgoalgoatgradelonglanguagemmanmake
25、moonmorningmovecomecombnpentenninefinenightnoonmooncleanunclebankEnglishthinkthankjunksingkingmorningllonglandlendlordflyflagblackworldcoldcouldgoalsoulrreadredrightrunroomwriteffiveflyfineflagfrogfogroofknifelifewifecoughlaughroughvveryevening
26、eveneveryvoicevestofssixsitstudentsameseatkissmisscasescarfzzoozebrazerozapclosenosehosesupposepausethosethatthisthosethesethoughsheepshouldershipshoeshebrushwashnationattentionhhothophomehousehorsehowwhowwhenwhatwherewindowwindwoodjyesyearyel
27、lyouyouryolkyellowchildchickenchinachairlunchouchcatchteachagelanguagecabbagevegetablestagebridgejoyenjoyjoinJulyJunejunktrtreecountrytrytreattracktrunkdrdrydreamdropdrivedrinktsstudentsbootsboatsgoatsnutsdzgoodswoodsmoodshoods1元音:1)i:字母组合:eeeae
28、iethreetreegreensheepmeetbeefseeseek(ee)eatteameatleaveleadteacherteammeanspeakcleanplease(ea)hesheme(e)piecereceiveceiling(ie,ei)2)i发音字母iyesitpictureitislistsixmixfixfitpigbigbuildmissmythmanytwentyhappydictionarydefectdecidedelicious3)发音字母abaghand
29、andanthappyhatmapmadbadblackbackgladflagshallman4)e字母组合eaeaheadbreadpleasureelephantelectricremembersellshelllessonbetterbeddeskhotelyesmanyany5):字母组合irurearerorgirlshirtskirtthirtythirteenthirdbirdturnburnmurdernurseturtleThursdayburgerlearnearn
30、earthheardtermhernerdserveworkwormworkworld6)字母组合erorouaroaeuteacherleaderrememberplayerspeakerfarmerpowderdoctoractormayorauthortractordeliciousgraciouspleasurefamiliarcollardollartogethertomorrowtodayshalloplessonWashingtoncontrolpolitearoundaccountagoe
31、lephantmantabananaCanadaJapanchinamenlistenfamulusSaturday7)a:字母组合aracarfarmcardarmgardenfastclasslastglassplantauntcalm8)发音字母uoouooupsupperlunchfungunhuntcupbuscomemotherdosebrotherloveabovetroubleroughflourishbloodflood9)字母组合alorauourarawsmall
32、walltalktallhallballcallwalkshortmorelordhorseforfortysportdoorfloorstoreauthorcaughtautumnfourmourncourtboughtwarmquarrelquarterdrawsawflaw10)发音字母oahotlostlotfoxboxmophoplosscollarnotwantwash11)u:字母组合oooufoodmoonroomgloombroomdoomgoosetoothshoe
33、dotwotruetruthbluefull12)u字母组合ooouulookgoodfootbookshouldcouldputfullbullpullpushwomanwolf13)ei发音字母aayeaaieynamecakelategateplaneAprilplaysaymaywaygreatbreakrainpaintplaintheygrey14)ai发音字母iybikefinefinddieninelightnighthighmytryflyeye15)a
34、u字母组合ouowhouseoutflourgroundaccountcountsoundloudaroundmouseflowerdownnowcowhowtown16)u发音字母oowoahomecoldgonophonehostghostknowlowbelowgrowblowshowflowboatcoatgoal17)字母组合oyoiboytoyjoyoilsoilvoicechoice18)i字母组合eerbeerdeerearideanearherefierce1
35、9)字母组合earairpearbearchairairfaircaretherewhere20)uhourtourpoorflowershowereiaiaUEURiiZUE2容易混淆的元音ebadbedhandheadmanmenlandlendpanpensadsaidi：eirealrailgreetgreatmeanmainreadraideaibetbiteredwritesaidsideheadhideaUhousehorseloudlordsouthsauc
36、ecloudclausenownorcountcornaUfoundfonddowndonegowngonetownton3辅音1)ppenpearplaypigpourpullpush2)bbookbigbootbikebreadbreak3)ttreetwotentontowntwentycity4)ddoordulldeskdosedodogdictionary5)kkingkitekeylookcookbookkitchensky(发音字母k)cardcatcrea
37、mcorrectclimbcomeaccountaccept(发音字母c)foxboxoxygenx-ray(发音字母x)schoolscheduleschema(字母组合ch)6)ggirlgoodgoalgoatgradelonglanguage7)mmanmakemoonmorningmovecomecomb8)npentenninefinenightnoonmoonclean9)NunclebankEnglishthinkthankjunksingkingmorningevening
38、10)llonglandlendlordflyflagblackworldcoldcouldgoalsoul11)rreadredrightrunroomwrite12)ffiveflyfineflagfrogfogroofknifelifewife（字母f）coughlaughrough（字母gh）physicphotophone(ph)13)vveryeveningeveneveryvoicevest(字母v)of(字母f)14)ssixsitstudentsameseatkiss
39、misscasescarf(发音字母s)licensecityceasecedarceilingcelebrate(发音字母c)licencepiecejuicesciencelancespaceace(字母组合ce)15)zzoozebrazerozap(z)closenosehosesupposepausethosewhose(se)16)thinkthankthreethirtytoothmouth17)thatthisthosethesethough18)sheepshouldershipsh
40、oeshebrushwash(sh)nationattentionstationsocialspecialsure19)pleasure20)hhothophomehousehorsehowwho21)wwhenwhatwherewindowwindwood22)jyesyearyellyouyouryolkyellow23)childchickenchinachairlunchouchteach(字母组合ch）catchwatchmatch（字母组合tch)24)agelanguageca
41、bbagevegetablestagebridgejoyenjoyjoinJulyJunejunk25)trtreecountrytrytreattracktrunk26)drdrydreamdropdrivedrink27)tsstudentsbootsboatsgoatsnuts28)dzgoodswoodsmoodshoods4容易混淆的辅音vwvestwestvetwetvinewineverywellssinkthinkmassmathmissmythsortsoughtzc
42、loseclothbreezebreathenthinthingsinsingranrangbanbangwinwing5字母，组合音节发音规律1）aeia:lateprivategradebakegrapenationstationpageactivehandbankfanparentfamilygladflagacceptaboutaboveformativemachinecinemafastlastglassclasspastfatherwashwhatwatchwant2）ei:
43、ei不发音appreciateextremelysecretshemeheletterleftmessagegeneratepebbledecideprettypreviousresultrestoreproblemprosperousstudentconfidentactivetablelatewifestorelecture3）iaiihighpricelibraryicecreamwifesizelinefistpickchickenpianofianccityunit4）olodehost
44、coldnoteokayoldhomelosedowhowhoseprovelovesomeothermotherhoneycompanytodaytomorrowtogethercontrolcollectlosthotmockofficesofthonest5）ujuuuniversityrefuseuniqueuniversehugeputpushpullfullbullbutbrushbucketduckbubblesupportsuggest6）ckscountrycampcame
45、racouragecablecityceilingcelebratecellcease7）gggirlgradeglassgladebagflagvillagevegetablebridgegentlemangymlongsongsingmorningevening8)ll读音不同listenlearnlanguagecollectEnglishgorillaworldcoldsoiltallsellcoolanimal9)nnmoonnightnoodlenumberunclehungrya
46、ngryyoung10)rr(美语发音)rightreadwritegradeprogresscardboarddoorfloorformnorth11）yjiaiyellowyearyellyoungyolkuniversitycountryprettyhappydykedyingflybuybymy12）ara:farmcardgardenmarkdollarwarmquarrelquarter13)eai:eeiceaseseasonbreathefeaturemeatplease
47、breadbreastbreathmeadowweathergreatbreakidearealize14)earlearnearthearnheardhearnearclearearfear15)erdeserveserveherpersonteacherdriverangersingerseriousexperiencemysteriousfierce16）ereheremerefereserethere17)iraishirtgirlskirtadmiredesire18)oou:ur
48、oomtoolcoolmoonnoongooffoodgoodfootstoodwoodwoolcookwoodbookbloodflooddoorfloor19)orshortformcornbornforworkworldwormwordworsttractordoctoractorsectorseniorsenator20)oordoorfloormoorpoorboor21)ourhourtourflourbournlourpourcourtfourmourn22)ouau
49、housemouthmousesoundfoundenoughtroubletouchdeliciousgraciousprosperous23)owauwindowmeadowknowshowlownowtownhowdowncow24)sezsnosesupposegoseloseposerosemousehouse25)thWTthankthinkthoughtclothclothesthatthisthenthan26)sionpropulsiontensionprogressionp
50、assionprotrusionprovisionconclusiontelevision27)tion(不常见)stationnationtranslationattentionquestion6关于语音的几个概念:音素:音的最小单位,英语中有48个音素.音节:由元音和辅音构成的发音单位.元音:发音响亮,是乐音,口腔中气流不受阻碍,是音节的主要组成部分.英语中有20个元音.辅音:发音不响亮,是噪音,口腔中气流受到阻碍,不是音节的重要组成部分,英语中有28个辅音.开音节:1)辅音+元音+辅音+不发音ekitecakenamebikemaketakehomeplaneshine2)辅音+元音hehigonodobetreethreehello闭音节:1)辅音+元音+辅音sitbedbadbaghothopletmadmaphead2)元音+辅音itisofinonupoutantclothesthatthisthenthan26)sionpr