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（一）
【长春市普通高中2016届高三质量监测（二）】阅读理解。阅读下面短文，选择最佳答案填空。
C
OneofthebiggestsocialissuesinJapanistheincreasinglylowmarriagerateamongyoungpeopleandthesmallbirthrate,whichledtoanagingandeventuallyshrinking（萎缩）population.MostyoungJapanesewomensimplydon’tseeminterestedinhavingmanychildren.
NowwhatbeganinJapanishappeningglobally.AsDavidBrookswrote,birthrateisbecomingsmallerinmuchoftheworld,fromIran—1.7birthsrateperwoman—toRussian,wherelowbirthratesconnectedwithhighdeathratesmeanthepopulationisalreadyshrinking.AndthisincludesUS,whichhaslonghadhigherbirthratesthanmostdevelopednations.Agingcountrieswillfacetheburdenofcaringforlargeelderlypopulationswithoutalargerresourceofyoungworkers.
It’struethatglobalagingisgoingtopresentsomemajorchallenges.WhowilltakecareoftheelderlyWillanolderworldbelessactiveandslowertochangeandadaptIt’salltrue.SometimesIworryaboutacominggenerationalwaroverresources,justasIworryabouthowIwilltakecareofmyownparentsintheiroldage,justasIworryaboutwhomighttakecareofme.
Buthere’sthething:anolderworldmayhavelesspressureontheenvironment.Asweallknow,theenvironmentistherealvictimofoverpopulation.
Somaybeaworldthatgrowsslowerandgrowsolderwillputlesspressureontheenvironment,andbuyusafewmoreyearstoensureourenergyuse,alongwithourbirthrates,reachesasustainable（可持续的）level.Afterall,we’resupposedtogetsmarteraswegotolder.Hopefullythatholdstruefortheplanetaswell.
1.ThepopulationissueinJapanwasmentionedto___________.
A.showyoungpeople’spreferencetomarriage
B.introducethetopicofglobalbirthratebecomingsmaller
C.indicatethedeepercauseofJapan’sdepression
D.emphasizetherevolutionofJapanesewomen
2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtoDavidBrook
A.Thebirthratesallovertheworldarebecomingsmaller.
B.Themostdevelopedcountrieshavehigherdeathrates.
C.Americaistheonlydevelopedcountrywithhigherbirthrate.
D.Birthrate’sbecomingsmallermeansagreatrisktoagingcountries.
3.Whichwillbecausedbylowbirthratesaccordingtothepassage
A.Agingsociety.B.Environmentalproblems.
C.Highdeathrates.D.Lowemploymentrates.
4.What’stheauthor’sattitudetotheworldwidebirthratesbecomingsmaller
A.Anxious.B.Disappointed.C.Hopeful.D.Doubtful.
【参考答案】
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，老龄化国家将面临着照顾大量老龄人口的重负。
对于地球而言也有利的一面——给环境带来更少的压力，使我们赢得
1.B【命题立意】推理判断题。考查考生对具体信息的理解和推理判断能力。
【试题解析】由题干中的ThepopulationissueinJapan定位到第一段，结合第二段首句可知。
2.D【命题立意】细节理解题。考查考生对具体信息的理解和提取能力。
【试题解析】由题干中的DavidBrooks定位到第二段。生育率降低对老龄化国家意味着重负和风险。
3.A【命题立意】推理判断题。考查考生对具体信息的理解和推理判断能力。
4.C【命题立意】推理判断题。考查考生对作者态度的理解能力。
【试题解析】本文主要论述了生育率降低以及世界老龄化问题。作者在肯定问题的同时，最后两段也阐述了其利好的一面。由此可推断作者对此问题持乐观态度。
（二）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
Whetheryou’reheadedtoanothercountryforbusinessorpleasure,itislikelythatyouneedtokeepintouchwithfamilyorbusinesspartnersintheUnitedStates.Butifyouplantodothatusingyourcellphone,youcouldhaveanunwelcomesurprise-U.S.cellphonesdon’tworkabroad.U.S.companiesusedifferentformsoftechnology,notlikemostoftheinternationalcommunity,includingEurope.
However,thereisaneasy,cost-effectivesolution(方法)tostayingintouchwhileyou’retraveling.YouCanrentaphonethatisguaranteedtoworkinthecountriesyou’revisiting.Roadpostoffersa30-daycellphonerentalplanthatincludesfreeincomingcalls,freevoicemailandcallwaitingservices.
Theserviceisconvenientandsimple.Youcanplaceyourorderonlineandyourphonewillbeshippedtoarriveonthedateyouwant.Ifanunexpectedbusinesstripcomesup,Roadpostcanprovidenext-daydeliveryformostcities.Inadditiontothephone,Roadpostprovidesasparebattery,travelchargerandaleathercarryingcase.
WhenyourphoneisshippedfromRoadpost,youreceiveane-mailconfirmationthatcontainsyourinternationalcellphonenumbersoyoucanleaveitwithfamilymembersandbusinesspartners;Roadpostevenprovidesbusinesscardspreprintedwithyourinternationalphonenumber.
Thosewhodon’twanttobewithoute-mailwhiletravelingcanrentaninternationalBlackBerry.Itcanbehardtostayintouchbye-mailwhentraveling.WithaninternationalBlackBerry,youcanemailasmuchasyoulike,withoutworryingaboutanexpensivebill.Ifyou’retravelingtoveryremoteareas,youmaywanttoconsiderrentingasatellitephone:Becausetheyreceivetheirsignalsfromsatellites,thesephonesworkanywhereontheplanet,includingoceansandmountains.Whenyoureturn,simplyshipthephoneorBlackBerrybacktoRoadpostusingthereturnkitthecompanyprovides.
6.Accordingtothetext,Roadpostprobablyis______.
A.anorganizationthatofferssomefreeservices
B.apersonwhoofferssomeadvicetoforeigntourists
C.acompanythatrentscellphonestoAmericansgoingabroad
D.aPersonwhomakestravelplansforAmericans
7.Thefirstparagraphmainlytellsusthat______.
A.Americansneedtochangetheircellphones
B.EuropeanformoftechnologyisdifferentfromAmerica's
C.U.S.cellphonesdon'tworkabroad
D.Americanswhogoabroadwillmeetanunwelcomesurprise
8.Whichofthefollowingwillhelpyoualotinmountainousareas
A.BlackBerry.B.Thereturnkit.
C.E-mail.D.Satellitephones.
9.Accordingtothetext,itcanbeinferredthat______.
A.aninternationalBlackBerryismainlyusedtosende-mail
B.Roadpostcanoffercellphonesusingindifferentareas
C.youshouldselectabagusedtosendyourcellphone
D.Roadpost'sserviceisconvenientandsimple
10.WhichofthefreeservicescanyougetfromRoadpost
A.Voicemail.
B.Sendinge-mail.
C.Shippingthephoneback.
D.Callwaitingservices.
[全解全析]本文主要介绍美国的一家提供租用手机服务的公司——Roadpost公司的一些基本情况。
6.C.推理判断题。由全文内容可知Roadpost是一个为出国的美国人提供租用手机服务的公司。
9.B.推理判断题。通读全文可知，Roadpost能够提供适合于不同地方的手机。
（三）
【2014联合模拟】阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。
TheErieCanalwasthefirstimportantnationalwaterwaybuiltintheUS.ItcrossedNewYorkfromBuffaloonLakeErieTroytoAlbanyontheHudsonRiver.ItjoinedtheGreatLakeswiththeAtlanticOcean.Thecanalservedasarouteoverwhichindustrialgoodscouldflowintothewest,andmaterialscouldpourintotheeast.TheErieCanalhelpedNewYorkdevelopintothenation’slargestcity.
ThebuildingofthecanalwaspaidforentirelybythestateofNewYork.Itcost$7,143,789,butitsoongaineditspricemanytimesover.Between1825,whenthecanalwasopened,and1882,whentollcharges(过运河费)werestopped,thestatecollected$121,461,891.
ForahundredyearsbeforetheEriewasbuilt,peoplehadbeentalkingaboutacanalwhichcouldjointheGreatLakesandtheAtlanticOcean.ThemanwhoplannedtheErieCanalandcarriedtheplanthroughwasDeWittClinton.Thosewhowereagainstthecanallaughinglycalledit“Clinton’sDitch(沟)”.Clintontalkedandwroteaboutthecanalanddrewupplansforit.HeandGovernorMorriswenttoWashingtonin1812toaskforhelpforthecanal,buttheywereunsuccessful.
ClintonbecamegovernorofNewYorkin1817,andshortlyafterwards,onJuly4,1817,brokegroundforthecanalinRome,N.Y.Thefirstpartofthecanalwascompletedin1820.Asthecanalgrew,townsalongitscoursedevelopedfast.Thelengthofthecanalis363miles.
44.WecanseethattheErieCanal________.
A.joinedtheGreatLakestogether
B.crossedNewYorkfromnorthtosouth
C.playedanimportantpartindevelopingNewYorkCity
D.wasthefirstwaterwaybuiltintheUS
45.Itcanbeinferredthat________intotheAtlanticOcean.
A.theGreatLakesflowB.theHudsonRiverflows
C.LakeErieflowsD.theErieCanalflows
46.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage
A.TheErieCanalbroughtprofitsofover$114,000,000.
B.It’s363milesfromtheGreatLakestotheAtlanticOcean.
C.TheWestwasmoreadvancedthantheEastwhenthecanalwasbuilt.
D.ManyotherstateshelpedNewYorkbuiltthecanal.
47.Wecandrawaconclusionthat__，accordingtothepassage.
A.Clintonbrokegroundforthecanalatbothends.
B.Clintonstartedbuildingthecanalbeforehebecamegovernor.
C.Allpartsofthecanalwerecompletedatthesametime.
D.Constructionofthecanaltookeightyears.
【参考答案】44—47CBAD
（四）
JackAndrakafromMarylandwonthegrandprizeatthe2013IntelInternationalScienceandEngineeringFair.Itisthelargesthighschoolsciencecompetitionintheworld.TheMarylandteenageristheyoungestwinnerofthe$75,000award，whowaschosenfromamong1,500studentsin70countries.
JackAndrakainventedatestforpancreaticcancer,oneofthedeadliestformsofcancer.Hestartedtolearnitafterlosingaclosefamilyfriendtothedisease.“IwentontheInternetandIfoundthat85percentofallpancreaticcancersarediagnosedlate,whensomeonehaslessthana2%chanceofsurvival,”hesays,“andIwasthinking,‘That’snotright.Weshouldbeabletodosomething.’”Hefoundthatearlydiscoveryisimportanttoincreasingthechancesofsurvivingthedisease.
TheMarylandteenagerrequestedandreceivedpermissiontoworkinalaboratoryatJohnsHopkinsUniversityinBaltimore.Therehedevelopedasimplepapertest,whichcanidentifythediseaseinasingledropofblood.Histesthasprovencorrect90%ofthetime.Italsois100timesmoresensitivethanothertests.“Itcoststhreecentspertest,andthenalsoittakesonlyfiveminutestorun.”hesaid.
Jack’ssuccesswouldn’thavebeenpossiblewithoutAnirbanMaitra,aprofessoratJohnsHopkins.Hewastheonlypersonamongthe200researchersJackcontactedwhoshowedinterestinhisproject.“Iwasverysurprisedthatthiswasa15-yearoldboywhowaswritingthis.IwantedtomeetthiscleveryoungmanandseewhathewantedtotalkaboutandsoIcalledhimoverforaninterview.”
JackworkedinProfessorMaitra’slaboratory,completinghisprojectinsevenmonths.ThegovernmenthasgiventheMarylandteenagerpatentrightstothepancreaticcancertest.Heisnowtalkingwithcompaniesaboutdevelopingthetestintoasimpleproduct.
Whateverhappens,theprofessorbelievesJackAndraka’snameisonewewillbehearingagainoverthenext10to20years.
48.WhatmadeJackAndrakaresearchpancreaticcancer
A.Ahighschooltask
B.Aprofessor’sencouragement
C.Losingafriend
D.Doubtsaboutthepresenttest
49.WecaninferfromthetextthatJackAndraka_____.
A.leftadeepimpressiononProfessorMaitra
B.wasthoughthighlyofbycompanies
C.gotsupportfromotherseasily
D.wasn’tafraidoffailure
50.TheunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraphsuggestsJackAndrakawill_____.