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SectionIIReadingComprehension
PartA
Directions:
Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsaftereachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)
Text1
HowcanthetrainoperatorspossiblyjustifyyetanotherincreasetorailpassengerfaresIthasbecomeagrimlyreliableannualritual:everyJanuarythecostoftravellingbytrainrises,imposingasignificantextraburdenonthosewhohavenooptionbuttousetherailnetworktogettoworkorotherwise.Thisyear’srise,anaverageof2.7percent,maybeafractionlowerthanlastyear’s,butitisstillwellabovetheofficialConsumerPriceIndex(CPI)measureofinflation.
Successivegovernmentshavepermittedsuchincreasesonthegroundsthatthecostofinvestinginandrunningtherailnetworkshouldbebornebythosewhouseit,ratherthanthegeneraltaxpayer....Equally,thereisasensethatthetravailsofcommutersintheSouthEast,manyofwhomwillfaceamongthebiggestrises,havereceivedtoomuchattentioncomparedtothosewhomustenduretherelativelypoorinfrastructureoftheMidlandsandtheNorth.
However,overthepast12months,thosecommutershavealsoexperiencedsomeoftheworstrailstrikesinyears....Theresponsibilityforthelatestwaveofstrikesrestsontheunions.However,thereisastrongcasethatthosewhohavebeenworstaffectedbyindustrialactionshouldreceivecompensationforthedisruptiontheyhavesuffered.
TheGovernmenthaspledgedtochangethelawtointroduceaminimumservicerequirementsothat,evenwhenstrikesoccur,...,moreinvestmentisneeded,butpassengerswillnotbewillingtopaymoreindefinitelyiftheymustalsoendurecramped,unreliableservices,punctuatedbyregularchaoswhentimetablesarechanged,orplannedmaintenanceismanagedincompetently.Thethreatofnationalisationmayhavebeenseenofffornow,butitwillreturnwithavengeanceifthejustifiedangerofpassengersisnotaddressedinshortorder.
21.Theauthorholdsthatthisyear’sincreaseinrailpassengersfares______.
A.willeasetrainoperators’burden
B.haskeptpacewithinflation
C.isabigsurprisetocommuters
D.remainsanunreasonablemeasure
22.ThestockbrokerinParagraph2isusedtostandfor______.
A.cardrivers
B.railtravellers
C.localinvestors
D.ordinarytaxpayers
23.ItisindicatedinParagraph3thattrainoperators______.
A.areofferingcompensationtocommuters
B.aretryingtorepairrelationswiththeunions
C.havefailedtoprovideanadequateservice
D.havesufferedhugelossesowingtothestrikes
24.Ifunabletocalmdownpassengers,therailwaysmayhavetoface______.