TheholeintheEarth’sozonelayerhasuntilnowprotectedAntarcticafromtheworsteffectsofglobalwarming.Butscientistshavewarnedthatastheholeclosesupinthenextfewdecades,temperaturesonthecontinentcouldrisebyaround3℃onaverage,withmeltingicecontributingtoaglobalsealevelincreaseofupto1.4meters.
InthepastdecadesthewesternAntarctichasseenrapidicelossastheworldhaswarmed,buttheotherpartsofthecontinenthave,paradoxically,beencooling,resultingina10%increaseiniceintheseasaroundtheregion.ThisisbecausetheholeintheozonelayerhasincreasedcoldwindsinAntarctica,makingmuchofthecontinentsurfacecolderthanusual.
Butnowthatthegassesthatcausetheozoneholehavebeenbanned,scientistsexpecttheholetorepairitselfwithinthenext50to60years.BythenthecoolingeffectwillhavefadedoutandtheAntarcticwillfacethefullimpactofglobalwarming.Thismeansanincreaseinaverageairtemperaturesofaround3℃andareductioninseaicebyaroundathird.
Thebiggestthreattothecontinentcomesfromwarmingseas.RobertJohnson,ascientistwhomonitorsAntarcticaicesheets,said,“TheicesheetsinAntarcticaarehundredsofmetresthick.Butoncewarmoceanwatersstartflowingunderneath,theicewillbeginthinningandcouldbreakupveryquickly.”Thinningicesheetscauseicetobreakawayfromthecontinentandtomeltevenfaster.EscapingicefromwesternAntarcticahasalreadyresultedina10%riseinglobalsealevelinrecentdecades.
Johnsonbelievesthatinternationalactiontoreduceglobalwarmingisrequiredimmediatelyoritmaybetoolate.“Everythingisconnected-AntarcticamaybealongwayawaybutitisanimportantpartoftheEarth’ssystem,”saidJohnson.“Itcontains90%oftheworld’sice,70%oftheworld’sfreshwaterandthatisenough,ifitmeltscompletely,toraisesealevelsby63metres.”
Eveninaworse-casesituation,scientistsdon’texpecttheicetoentirelydisappear,butpredictthat,becauseofthemeltingicesheets,averagesealevelrisewillbearound1.4metreshigherbytheendofthecentury.
1.Theunderlinedword“paradoxically”(inParagraph2)mostprobablymeans“________.”
A.rapidlyB.approximatelyC.contradictorilyD.apparently
2.WhatistheeffectoftheholeintheozonelayeronAntarctica
A.Itiscausingtheicetomeltfaster.
B.Itismakingmuchofthecontinentcolder.
C.Itismakingtheeffectsofglobalwarmingintheregionworse.
D.ItisreducingtheamountofwaterinAntarctica.
3.WhatdoscientiststhinkisthebiggestdangerfacingAntarctica
A.Risingsealevels.
B.Warmingseawatertemperature.
C.Waterpollution.
D.Growingicesheets.
4.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage
A.Antarcticaiscurrentlyexperiencingthefulleffectsofglobalwarming.
B.Theaveragetemperaturehasincreasedby3℃inrecentdecades.
C.Antarcticacontainsmostoftheworld’sfreshwater.
D.TenpercentofAntarctica’sicehasalreadybeenlost.
5.Thebesttitleforthepassageis________.
A.Ourplanetindanger
B.Antarcticameltingaway
C.ActionplantosaveAntarctica
D.Let’ssavetheozonelayer
答案解析
1.【答案】C
【解析】词义猜测题。首先,选项词义要牢记;其次,划线词所在句中的but为推断关键,划线词应理解为相反地。故选C。
2.【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。从第二段末句ThisisbecausetheholeintheozonelayerhasincreasedcoldwindsinAntarctica,makingmuchofthecontinentsurfacecolderthanusual.可得答案。故选B。
3.【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。从第四段第一句Thebiggestthreattothecontinentcomesfromwarmingseas.可得出答案。Thebiggestthreat对应thebiggestdanger。故选B。
4.【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。(或仅通过常识亦可判断),从第五段最后一句”Itcontains90%oftheworld’sice,70%oftheworld’sfreshwater.可得出答案。故选C。
5.【答案】B
【解析】标题确定题。先排除A,然后文中未提及任何挽救南极的措施同时未提到呼吁保护臭氧洞,排除CD。全文论述南极洲正处于融化的危险之中。故选B。
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