中考英语任务型英语阅读理解题解题技巧——建议打印出来学习使用
任务型阅读理解失分分析及解题技巧
中考英语任务型阅读，该题型要求学生在阅读理解的基础上，去完成一项任务或解决一个问题，它主要考查学生根据所提供语言信息具体解决实际问题的能力，即考查学生运用语言“做事”的能力；同时还注重考查学生的阅读理解、书面表达、归纳概括、分析理解、逻辑推理及社会生活知识的综合运用能力。
任务型阅读理解题题型丰富，近年来考查形式大致如下：
回答问题型、判断正误型、阅读填空型、阅读排序型、阅读改写句子型、看图推断型。
解题过程中，很容易犯这样或那样的错误，从而导致了很多不必要的失分。
因此，我们有必要让学生对任务型阅读有较全面的了解，熟练掌握任务型阅读的解题技巧。
实例一：
阅读下面的短文，并完成短文后的任务。
Wastecanbeseeneverywhereintheschool.Somestudentsaskformorefoodthantheycaneatandothersoftenforgettoturnoffthelightswhentheyleavetheclassroom.Theysaytheycanaffordthesethings.ButIdon’tagreewiththem.
Wastecanbringalotofproblems.AlthoughChinaisrichinsomeresources(资源),weareshortofothers,forexample,freshwater.Itisreportedthatwewillhavenocoaloroiltousein100years.Soifwegoonwastingourresources,whatcanweuseinthefutureandwherecanwemoveThinkaboutit.(3)Ithinkweshouldsaynotothestudentswhowastethingseveryday.Everybodyshouldstopwastingassoonaspossible.
Inoureverydaylife,wecandomanythingstoprevent(阻止)wastefromhappening,forexample,turnoffthewatertapswhenwefinishwashing,turnoffthelightswhenweleavetheclassroom,trynottoordermorefoodthanweneed,andsoon.Littlebylittle,everythingwillbechanged.(4)Wastecanbestoppedoneday,ifwedoourbest.
任务1：根据要求答题。(请注意问题后的词数要求)
1.Listthewastesmentionedinthefirstpassage:(within15words)
_________________________________________________________________
2.Whatproblemscanwastebring(within20words)
(1)______________________________________________________________
(2)______________________________________________________________
任务2：将短文中划线的句子翻译成汉语。
3.______________________________________________________________
4.______________________________________________________________
任务3：请给短文拟一个适当的标题：(within5words)
5.______________________________________________________________
【答案】1.askformorefood，forgettoturnoffthelights
2.(1)We’llbeshortofresources.(freshwater,coaloroil.)
(2)We’llhavenothingtouseandnowheretomove./Whatcanweuseinthefutureandwherecanwemove
3.我认为我们应该对那些天天浪费东西的学生说不。
4.如果我们都尽力的话，将来有一天浪费就不会发生了。
5.Stopwasting/Nomorewasting
申申老师分析：这道中考题形式多样，在同一道题中出现了收集并整理信息、回答问题、翻译句子、拟标题等多项任务。因此，在未读材料之前，应仔细阅读所给任务，做到心中有数，避免答非所问，从而有效的提高做题的效率和准确率。另外，仔细阅读后不难发现，任务1和任务3题后还有额外的附加要求（within15words，within20words，within5words)，考生稍加马虎，答题字数就容易超出警戒线！如多于任务一的作答，考生很易写上:Somestudentsaskformorefoodthantheycaneatandothersoftenforgettoturnoffthelightswhentheyleavetheclassroom.（共24词）
二、对照原文，作答适当修改
…….Atthesametime,ifyoufindyouarewrong,besuretocorrectyourselfandapologizetothosethatyouhaveoffended(冒犯).……
任务2.Whenyoufindyoumakeamistakeinthechatroom,whatshouldyoudo
_____________________________________________________________________
此题考生容易直接抄写原句，而忘记应将人称适当调整，
答为：ifyoufindyouarewrong,besuretocorrectyourselfandapologizetothosethatyouhaveoffended..
附答案：IshouldcorrectmyselfandapologizetothosethatIhaveoffended.
任务型阅读理解不但考查学生阅读理解的能力，还考查学生写的能力，所谓读写结合。所以在写的过程中就应特别注意书写规范：单词的首字母是否应大写，单词拼写无误，单词的词形、词性，句子的语法准确，时态语态正确，固定搭配等等。在翻译句子时尤其要慎重，结合语境，反复斟酌，努力做到万无一失。
下面简单聊聊任务型阅读评分详解必看
下面是一道满分为10分的试题，每题2分。
Doyouthinkaboutyourparents“Yes,ofcourse.”Youmayanswer,“IbuyapresentformymotheronMother’sDay.AndIgivemyfatherapresentonFather’sDay.
ThenwhatabouttheotherdaysofayearAlwaysremembertothinkaboutyourparents.Notjustonsomeimportantdays.
Ihaveafriend.Shelivesalone.Herparentsliveinanothercity.
LaterIasked,“Whydidyoudialthenumbertwice”
Shesmiled,“Myparentsareold.Theycan’tbequicktoansweracall.(1)IalwaysdosowhenIcallthem.Ijustwanttogivethemenoughtime.”
Myfriendisagoodgirl.Sheisalwaysthinkingaboutherparents.Youalsowanttobeagoodchild,right(2)why，her,learn,So,not,from
1.Howshouldwereallythinkaboutourparents
（针对不同答案我给出了不同的评分标准作为同学们答题得分要领。）
答案一：Notjustonsomeimportantdays.
分析：回答不完整，不能完全覆盖答题的信息。不能得分。
答案二：Toalwaysremembertothinkaboutyourparents.
分析：问题是对方式状语提问，而答句则以目的状语形式出现，尽管意思表达明白，但只能得1分。因此，回答句子一定要依据问句的形式和内容答题。
答案三：Weshouldremembertothinkaboutyourparents.
分析：回归语境不难发现，答句漏掉一个关键词：always.只能得一分。
2.Whydidthegirldialthephonenumbertwice
答案：Herparentsareold.Theycan’tbequicktoansweracall.Shejustwantstogivethemenoughtime.
分析：问题是一般过去时态，答句也必须在原文的基础上适当调整。这样的作答只能得一分。
3.Whatdoyouthinkofthegirl
答案：Sheisagoodgirlandcareaboutherparents.
分析：答句是一个并列句，care应使用第三人称单数形式，给一分。
4.将文中划线的句子(1)译成汉语。
分析：答案不符合汉语正常语序，给一分。
分析：答案未将单词always准确译出，扣0.5分。
答案三：当我打给他们时，我总是这样做。
分析：答案过于口语化，表达不清晰，给1分。
5.将文中划线部分（2）连成一句话。
答案：So,whynotlearnfromher.
分析：答句句末应为问号，扣0.5分。
最后，中考英语阅读真题练习
（1）IfyouarestudyingEnglish,theLanguageStudyFair(游乐会)thatisbeingheldthismonthwillcertainlyattractyou.Thefairisgoingonbetweenthe28thand30thofJuneattheNationalEducationCentre.Itisheldtoanswerallyourquestionsaboutself-studynomatterhowyourEnglishis.
TheLanguageStudyFairgivesaverygoodchanceforyoutoseeandtogetallkindsofinformationtohelpyouimprovethewayyoustudy.Over350producersofeducationalmaterials(材料)willbeatthefair.Comealongtothis,andyouwon’twasteyourmoneyinthefutureonmaterialsthatareout-of-date,orbooksthatyoujustdon’tneed.We’vegotlotsofdifferentthingsforyoutoseeandhear.Therewillbestands(展台)showingdifferentkindsofself-studytextbooksandtalksbyeducationalspeakersonthebestwaystostudybyyourself.We’resureyou’llalsoenjoywatchingpeopleusingthelatestcomputerprogramstomakestudyingEnglishalonesomucheasier.Thisisforyoutomakegooddecisionsaboutwhattobuy.Youcancometothefairfromninethirtytofive.Ticketscost￡5each,or￡3ifyou’reafull-timestudent.Allticketscanbebookedbyringingthetickethotline.Thenumberis9847711.
So,wehopetoseeyouthere!
1.WhowillgototheLanguageStudyFair
2.WhatwillattractthosewhogototheLanguageStudyFair
3.WhatwillyoubuyifyouwanttomakestudyingEnglishmucheasier
4.Whatistheopeningtimeofthefair
5.Howcanyougetaticketforthefair
（2）ThisisKateSmith.Sheis13yearsold.ShelivesinGuangzhou.ShestudiesinNo.10Middleschool.Herparentsworkthere.TheyarebothEnglishteachers.TheyareformtheUK.Shelikeseatingjunkfood.Shedoesn’tlikeplayingsports.Shehasonehealthyhabit:Shesleepsfor9hourseverynight.
KateSmithhasabrother.HisnameisJackSmith.Heis11yearsold.Hedoesn’teatjunkfood.Helikesplayingsports.Heoftenruns,playsbasketball,andgoesswimming.Heeatsfruiteveryday.Helikeseatingvegetables.Buthehasanunhealthyhabit:Hesleepsfor6hourseverynight.
66.HowoldisKateSmith
67.WheredoesKatelive
68.WhatdoesKatelikeeating
69.WhatdoesJackeateveryday
70.HowmanyhoursdoesJacksleepeverynight
（3）Answerthequestionsaccordingtothefollowingpassage.
Itiswidelyacceptedthattelevisionisplayinganimportantpartinpeople'slives.But,thereisaheateddiscussionastowhethertelevisiondoesgoodorharm.
Televisionkeepsonelearningmoreaboutpresentevents,allowsonetofollowthemostrecentdevelopmentsinpoliticsandscience,andoffersvariousprogramswhichare.bothinstructiveandexciting.Themostdistantcountries,thestrangestcustomsandthemostattractivescenesofnaturearebroughtrightintoone'sroomorhouse.
However,somepeopleinsistthattelevisionisbadratherthangood.Theyarguethatithasbroughtaboutmanyseriousproblems.Themajoroneisitseffectsonyoungpeople.Childrenarenowsousedtogettingtheirinformationandentertainmentfromtelevisionthattheirabilitytoreadandwriteaswellasphysicalabilityhasbeengreatlyweakened.Evenworsethanthat,vulgar(庸俗的)advertisementsandpoorprogramsmaydeveloptheirbadtastes,shapetheirviewpointsbadlytowardshumanlifetosuchadegreethattheirmindsmightbedestroyed.
Inaword,televisionhasbothadvantagesanddisadvantages.Whatevereffectsithas,onepointiscertain,televisioninitselfisneithergoodnorbad.Itistheusetowhichitisputthatdecidesitsvaluetosociety.
66.Whatarepeoplediscussingnowadays
___________________________________
67.Whataretheadvantagestelevisionhasbroughtus(至少2点)
68.Whydosomepeoplethinktelevisionisbadratherthangood
69.Itistheusetowhichitisputthatdecidesitsvaluetosociety.
70.What'syouropinionabouttelevision
（4）“Whodidthis？”askedMissGreen.
Therewere30childrenintheclassroomandallweretryingtothinkaboutnotonlywhattheydid,butalsowhatourteacheralreadyknew.
“Whobrokethiswindow”
“Uh,Oh.”Ithought.Iwastheonewhobrokethewindowwithafootball.Ididnotmeantodoit.Iwouldbeinalotoftrouble.HowcouldIpayforabigwindowlikethatIdidn'twanttoputupmyhand.ButIhadtotellthetruth.So,IputupmyhandandtoldtheteacherIbrokethewindow.
MissGreenwenttothebookshelfandtookdownabook.
“Iknowhowyoulikebirds,Peter.”Shesaid.“Hereisabookaboutbirdsandthebookisyoursnow.Iwillnotpunishyouthistime.ButPeter,youshouldrememberthatIamrewarding（奖赏）youforyourhonesty（诚实）,notforbreakingthewindow.”
Icouldn'tbelieveit!Theteacherdidn'tpunishmeandIwasgettingmyveryfavoritebook.Now,Istillusethatbook,anditalwaysremindsmeof(使我想起)thelessonmyteachertaughtme.
Honestyisalwaysbest.
56.Whobrokethewindow
57.Howmanychildrenwereintheclassroom
58.WheredidMissGreentakedownthebook
59.Whatwasthebookabout
60.Whatcanwelearnfromthestory
（5）GaoXiaosong,whoisafamousmusician,moviedirectorandthewriterofthefamoussongMyDeskmate,hasbeensenttojail(监狱)andwillstaythereforsixmonthsfordrunkdriving.
“I’venothingtosayformyselfandI’mwillingtobepunished(惩罚),”hesaidwhenhewasstandinginthecourt.“WhatIwanttosayisthatIfeelsorryforwhatI’vedone.Ithoughtalcohol(酒精)couldbringmefreedombutneverrealizeddrunkdrivingcouldtakeawayothersfreedom.AndnowI’velostmyownfreedombecauseofdrinking.I’llobeythenewroadsafetyrulesandIwanttobealife-longvolunteerinpersuading(劝说)othersnottodriveafterdrinking.”
Anyonewhodrivesafterdrinkingdoesn’tthinkmuchofhumanlife.IfGaohadcared,hewouldhavelefthiscarparkedoutsidetherestaurantandtookataxihome,andhewouldhavethoughtaboutaroadkillerhewouldbecome.It’sfairtosaythathisbehaviorcannotbeexcusedinmodernsociety.Gaomaynothavekilledanyone,butbychoosingtodriveacarwhileundertheinfluenceofalcohol,heandthelargenumberofotherswhodothesamehavemadethedangerousdecisionthatmaypossiblyhurtotherpeople.
76.WhatwasthereasonforGaoXiaosong’sbeingjailedforsixmonths
77.Howdidhefeelforwhathehaddone
78.Didhethinkhewaswrong
79.Ifonedrivesafterdrinking,whatmayhappen
80.What’syourideaafterreadingthispassage
（6）IlovenatureandIamveryconcerned(担心的)thatalotofpeoplearepollutingtheEarthwithoutrealizingit.Pollutionismadewhensomebodyputsharmfulthingsintotheair,waterorland.Peopleshouldnotpollute.Whenpeoplepolluteithurtsthepeople,theanimalandtheplant.
Whenpeopleputchemicalsintotheland,theygointooursoilandintoourwater.Whenpeopleandanimalsdrinkthewateritmakesthemsick.Theymaynotrealizeitrightawaybutfinallytheyfeelit.Whenchemicalsgetintothegrounditaffectsthewholefoodchain(食物链)-Theinsect,theanimal,theplantandthepeopleareaffected.
Whenpeoplecutdowntreestheyreducetheamount(数量)ofoxygen(氧气)andtheytakeawayhomesforanimals.Mostpeopledon’trealizehowcuttingdowntreeshurtspeopleandanimals.
IfIcouldmakelaws,noonecouldputgarbageintothewateroronthelandandallcarswouldrunonfuel(然料)madefrombeans.WhenIgrowup,Iwanttoliveonacleanearthwithlotsoftalltreesfullofanimals.Pleasedon’tpollute.
71.HowarepeoplepollutingtheEarthaccordingtothepassage
72.Theunderlinedphrase"harmfulthings"includetwothingsinthepassageTheyare_________.
73.Howarethepeopleaffected
74.TranslatetheunderlinedsentenceMostpeopledon’trealizehowcuttingdowntreeshurtspeopleandanimals.
75.Whatisagoodearthlikeforthewriter
（7）HowdoyougettoschooleverydayBybike,busorcarInChongqingtherewillbe3,000
newschoolbusesonthestreetbytheendofthisyear.Theseschoolbuseslookjustlike
Americanschoolbuses:yellowwithabignose.
InFebruary2010,theChinesegovernmentannouncedthefirststandards(标堆)forschoolbussafety.Sincethen,moreyellowschoolbusescanbeseenonthestreet.
InChina,besidesthebusdriver,thereshouldbeanadultontheschoolbustowatchthe
students.Iftherearemorethan40students,twoadultsareneeded.Thestudentsusuallyrestorreadbooksontheschoolbus.
InAmerica,yellowschoolbusesareverypopular.Thereareabout480,000schoolbusesinthecountry.Theolderkidssitinthebackofthebus.Theyoungerkidssitinthefront.Theyusuallylistentomusic,talkontheirphonesorjustsleep.Theonlyadultonthebusisthedriver.
Theschoolbusisimportantinstudents’everydaylives.Itcankeepchildrensafe.Usuallyachildismuchsafergoingtoschoolbyschoolbusthananyotherway.Itcanalsohelpthe
environment.Aschoolbussavesalotofgas(汽油)becauseitcancarryalotofpeople.
66.WhatcolorarethenewschoolbusesnChongqing
67.WhendidtheChinesegovernmentannouncethefirststandardsforschoolbussafety
68.HowmanyadultsareneededonaChineseschoolbusif45kidsareonitbesidesthedriver
69.WhatdoAmericankidsusuallydoonttheirschoolbuses
70.Whyistheschoolbusimportantinstudents'everydaylives
（8）AnnielivedaloneinChicago.Oneday,shefelldowninherbedroomandbrokeherleg.SoshetriedtocallherfriendLisa.Butshedialed(拨打)awrongnumber.ThecallreachedTaylor,an18-year-oldgirl.ShewasacollegestudentandshelivedhundredsofmilesawayfromChicago.
AtthattimeTaylorwasreadinginbed.Shethoughtitwassomebodyplayingajoke.Whenshewasgoingtohangupthephone,sheheardawomansaying“Help!Help!”FromitTaylorthoughtsomethingbadmusthavehappenedtothewoman.Aftershegotthewoman’snameandaddress,Taylorcalled911atonce.ThenshetriedtomakeAnniefeelcomfortable.ShespoketoAnnieonthephonetillthedoctorsarrivedatAnnie’shouse.AtlastAnniewastakentohospitalintime.
AssoonasAnniefeltbetter,shewrotealettertoTaylortothankher.
57.Whoansweredthetelephone
58.HowdidTaylorhelpAnnie
59.WhydidAnniewritethelettertoTaylor
（9）EileenCollinsisthefirstwomaneverchosentobeaspaceshippilot.Sheisalsothefirstwomantocommand(指挥)aspaceship.Todayshehasflownmorethan5,000hoursinmorethan30kindsofairplanes.
Talkingabouthighschool,shesaid,“Ibeganreadingallkindsofbooksaboutfamouswomenpilots.Thesewomenwentandflewintodangerousplaces.Theirstoriesencouragedme.”In1977Eileengotapilot’slicenseandthefollowingyearshegraduated(毕业)fromuniversity.Shewentintospacein1999attheageof43.Shetookwithherthehopesanddreamsofanationofyoungpeopleontheearth.
Eileenisnotonlyanastronaut(宇航员)butalsoawifeandthemotherofayoungdaughter.Shehasshortcurlyhairandfriendlybrowneyes.Shemetherhusband,Pat,whiletheyweretogetherintheairforce(空军).
WhenshewasnamedastheFirstWomanSpaceshipCommanderin1998,Eileensmiledandsaid,“WhenIwasachild,Idreamedaboutspace.ItwasonlyadreamthatIwouldbeoneoftheastronautssomeday.Ihopeallchildrenwillbeencouragedtoreachfortheirdreams,whentheyseeIgointospace.Ibelievedreamsdocometrue!”
61.HowmanyhourshasEileenflown
62.WhendidEileengointospace
63.WhatdoesEileenlooklike
64.WhodidEileenmeetintheairforce
65.DidEileenbelievethatherdreamwouldcometrue
【答案及解析】（1）1.Schoolstudents/Englishlearners/LoversofEnglish.由句子“Ifyou’restudyingEnglish,theLanguageStudyFairthat’sbeingheldthismonthwillcertainlyattractyou.”可以推知：不论是学生还是英语学习者和爱好者等都会前往。
2.AllkindsofinformationonEnglishlearning/Educationalmaterials/Differentkindsofself-studytextbooks/Talksonthebestwaystostudybyyourself/ThelatestcomputerprogramstomakestudyingEnglishalonesomucheasier.根据短文第二段的大部分内容介绍“语言学习游乐会”的主要内容，这些也是展示会上引人注目的内容。
3.Differentkindsofself-studytextbooksandthelatestcomputerprograms根据短文内容推测自学课本和教学自学方法的电脑软件可以帮助学习英语的人自己自学英语，提高自学英语的效率。
4.Fromninethirtytofivebetweenthe28thand30thofJune.根据短文中的句子“Thefairisgoingonbetweenthe28thand30thofJune.”和句子“Youcancometothefairfromninethirtytofive.”可知。
5.Byringing/Phonethetickethotline/Bycalling9847711.根据短文中的句子“Alltheticketscanbebookedbyringingthetickethotline.Thenumberis9847711.”可以知道答案。
答案：（2）66.13/Sheis13yearsold.
67.ShelivesinGuangzhou.
68.Shelikeseatingjunkfood.
69.Heeatsfruiteveryday.
70.Hesleepsfor6hourseverynight.
答案：（3）66.whethertelevisiondoesgoodorharm.
67.Televisionkeepsonelearningmoreaboutpresentevents,allowsonetofollowthemostrecentdevelopmentsinpoliticsandscience,andoffersvariousprogramswhicharebothinstructiveandexciting......
68.Becausetheyarguethatithasbroughtaboutmanyseriousproblems.
69.它是由人们对电视的具体使用决定它对社会的价值的。
70.Televisionhasbothadvantagesanddisadvantages.Televisioninitselfisneithergoodnorbad.Itistheusetowhichitisputthatdecidesitsvaluetosociety.(Theanswermaybevaried)
（4）56.Peter.57.30.58.Thebookshelf.59.Thebookwasaboutbirds.
60.Honestyisalwaysbest.
（5）【答案】76.Hedroveafterdrinking.77.Hefeltsorry(forwhathehaddone).78.Yes,hedid.79.He/she/Itmayhurtotherpeople./Itmaycausetrafficaccident./80.Answersvary.
（6）【答案】
71.Somebodyputsharmfulthingsintotheair,waterorland.
72.chemicalsandcuttingdowntrees
73.Theymaynotrealizeitrightawaybutfinallytheyfeelit.
74.人们大都没有认识到乱砍树木对于人和动物会有多大伤害。
75.Acleanearthwithlotsoftalltreesfullofanimals.
（7）【答案】
66.Yellow./Theyareyellow.
67.InFebruary2010./February2010.
68.Two./2adults./Twoadultsareneeded.
69.Theyusuallylistentomusic,talkontheirphonesorjustsleep./Listentomusic,talkontheirphonesorjustsleep.
70.Itcankeepchildrensafeandalsohelptheenvironment.
（8）【答案】57.Taylor.
58.Taylor/Shecalled911(andspoketoAnnieonthephonetillthedoctorsarrivedatAnnie’shouse)\Bycalling911.
59.Becauseshewantedtothankher.\Tothankher.
62.in1999细节理解题。从句子“Shewentintospacein1999attheageof43.”可知答案。
63.Shehasshortcurlyhairandfriendlybrowneyes.细节理解题。从短文第三段可知答案。