1.backadv.回（原处）;向后adj.后面的n.背后，后部；背
backandforth来回，往返
backtoback背靠背
lookback回顾
putback放回去
turnone’sbackon避开，不理睬
2.backwardadv.向后地
backwardandforward来来回回
3.baggagen.行李
apieceof/anarticleofbaggage一件行李
4.balance
1)n.①平衡
keepabalance(betweenAandB)
loseone’sbalance
disturbthebalanceofone’smind
②余额(常用单数）
checkyourbankbalance
③欠款（常用单数）
Thebalanceof500yuanmustbepaidwithin90days.
be/hanginthebalance未定的，悬而未决的
catch/throwsb.offbalance使...…失去平衡；使…...不知所措
onbalance总的来说
2）v.①保持平衡
~（sth）onsth
Hebalancedthecuponherknee.
②同等重视
balanceAwith/andB
balancehomelifewithcareer
③比较权衡
balanceAagainstB
balancethecostagainstitsbenefit
balancedadj.平衡的
beonabalanceddiet
5.bann.禁令v.禁止，取缔
abanonsmoking禁烟令
place…underban对…...加以禁止
bansb.fromsth./doing禁止某人做......
6.bar
1)n.条，块，障碍
abarofchocolate/soap
Beingawomanwasabartopromotion（晋升）.
2)vt.封堵，阻止
Allthedoorsandwindowswerebarred.
barsb.from...
barplayersfromdrinking
7.bargainn.（经讨价还价之后）成交的商品；廉价货v.讨价还价
Thoseshoesarearealbargainatsuchalowprice.
bargainwithsbabout/oversth
8.basen.根据地，基地v.以......为基础,把基地设在......
basesthon/uponsth使......以...…为基础
Hisbookisbasedonatruestory.
bebasedin以...为基地,把基地设在
ThetoycompanyisbasedinGuangzhou.
basicadj基本的
basicknowledge/skills
basicallyadv.基本上
9.basis(复数bases)n.
1）基础，要素
formthebasisof…
2)基准，原则
onaregular/permanentbasis以定期的/永久的方式
3)原因，缘由
onthebasisof…
Somevideoswerebannedonthebasisofviolence.
10.bathn.洗澡;浴室;澡盆
have/takeabath
bathev.洗澡,游泳
bebathedin…沉浸在,沐浴着（光线）
bathroomn.浴室
11.bear(bore,born/borne)v.
1）承受(重量)
Theiceistoothintobearyourweight.
2)负担,承担
bearthecost/burden/responsibility
3）忍受;容忍（常用于疑问句、否定句，与can,could连用）beartodo/doing
bear…inmind记住......
12.beatv.(beat,beaten)连续有节奏的敲击；击败
Myheartisbeatingfasterthanusual.
Wavesarebeatingtheshore.
Hebeatmeinthegame.
13.before
prep.在…之前，先于
conj.在…以前；在…之前
adv.以前；在前
14.beg乞求，请求
beg—begged—begged—begging
begsb.todo请求/乞求某人做某事
Ibegyourpardon.对不起/请原谅/请再讲一遍（降调）
15.begin—began—begun—beginning
beginwith=startwith以…开始
tobeginwith=tostartwith(插入语)首先、第一
Idon’tlikelivinghere.Tobeginwith,theroomisfartoosmall.
16.beginningn.开始，开端
atthebeginningof…
inthebeginning=atfirst
17.behavev.表现
Hebehavedasifnothinghadhappened.
behavebadly/well/likeatruegentleman
behaveoneself表现得体，有礼貌
well/badlybehavedchildren
18.behaviorn.不可数
good/badbehavior
beonyourbestbehavior尽量表现得体
19.behindprep.在......后面；晚于adv.在后面
drop/fallbehind落后
leavesb./sth.behind遗落、忘带
20.beliefn.（不可数）
1）相信，信心
Iadmirehisbeliefinwhatheisdoing.
2)看法，信念（不可数）
Heactedinthebeliefthathewasdoinggood.
Thereisageneralbeliefthatthingswillsoongetbetter.
3)信仰（可数beliefs）religious/politicalbeliefs
beyondbelief难以置信
tothebestofone’sbelief尽其所知
21.believev.相信，认为
believeitornot(插入语)信不信由你
Itisbelievedthatheisagoodteacher.=Heisbelievedtobeagoodteacher.
22.belong属于
belongto属于（无被动）
Thehousebelongingtoherisunderrepair.
23.bendv.弯曲、弯腰、伏案
bend—bent—bent
Shewasbentoverherdeskwritingaletter.她正伏案写信。
24.benefit
1)n.优势，益处（不可数）
Shedidn’tgetmuchbenefitfromherstayingabroad.
beofbenefitto...=bebeneficialto...=toone’sbenefit对某人有利
forone’sbenefit=forthebenefitofsb.为了帮助.../为了某人的利益
2）vt./vi.使受益；获益
benefitsb./sth
benefitfrom/by...
beneficialadj.有益的，有用的
bebeneficialto...
25.bestadj.最好的n.最好的人，最好的事物；最佳状态
do/tryone’sbesttodo尽全力做
makethebestof…尽量利用......
allthebest（书信结语）一切顺利、万事如意
26.better
hadbetterdo…最好做…
否定：hadbetternotdo
bebetterworthreading更值得读
bebetterknown更著名的
27.beyond超出、超过
beyondone’simagination/description难以想象/描述
beyondone’spower超出某人能力范围
beyondmywildestdreams做梦也没想到
28.bid–bid-bid-biddingv.出价，投标n.投标
bidforsth.
Ibid2000dollarsforthepainting.我出价20000美元买这幅画。
Thehighestbidforthepicturewas20000.这幅画的最高出价是两万
29.birthn.出生，诞生
atbirth出生时
givebirthto生下，孕育了
30.biscuitn.饼干
somechocolatebiscuits
31.bitn.一点，少量
1)abitof+不可数n.=alittle+不可数n.
HecanspeakabitofFrench.
2)abit/alittle+比较级
abitmoreslowly
3)notabit=notatall一点儿也不、毫不
32.blamen.责备v.责备，归咎于
1）betoblame应该受到责备（主动表被动）
2)blamesb.fordoing→sb.beblamedfor…
33.blank
1)n.空白处，空格，(记忆中的)空白,遗忘
fillintheblanks
MymindwasablankandIcouldn’trememberhername.
2)adj.空白的，无装饰的，无图画的，不理解的，没表情的,空虚的
ablankform/wall
ablankexpression
Suddenlymymindwentblank.
34.blindadj.瞎的，盲目的
beblindto对...…视而不见、熟视无睹=turnablindeyeto
35.blowv.(blewblown)吹、刮n.吹，打击
blowdown吹倒
blowup爆炸、炸毁
givesb.ablow给某人打击
36.boardn.木板，布告牌，董事会v.登上
onboard在船（车、飞机）
boardatrain上火车
37.bookn.书v.预定（车、船）票
bookaroom/ticket
38.boredadj.感到无聊的
beboredwith.../todeath.
boringadj.令人无聊的
aboringjob/book/man
39.bothervt./vi.
①botherwith/aboutsth
---ShallIwait---No,don’tbother.
It’snotworthbotheringwithanumbrella.
②bothertodo
Hedidn’tevenbothertoletmeknowhewascoming.
③botherdoing
Whybotheraskingifyouarenotreallyinterested
2)给...造成麻烦，痛苦使...烦恼，担忧
①bothersbwith/about...
Idon’twanttobotherherwithmyproblems.
---I’msorryhewasrudetoyou.
---Itdoesn’tbotherme.
②bothersb.that...
Doesitbotheryouthatsheearnsmorethanyou
③bothersb.todo...
Itbothersmetothinkofheraloneathome.
3)打扰插话
bothersb
Sorrytobotheryou,but...
bebotheredaboutsb./sth认为...重要关心...
I’mnotbotheredaboutwhathethinks.
bothern.麻烦困难（不可数）
---Thanksforyourhelp.---itwasnobother.
putsb.tobother
getsb./oneselfintobother给某人添麻烦
40.bottomn.底部；尽头
atthebottomof…
fromthebottomofone’sheart
41.break—broke–broken
breakout（战争、火灾、疾病等）爆发
breakdown（车、机器等）坏掉、出故障；分解；（身体）垮掉；
breakin打断；闯入
breakup破碎；（关系）破裂
breakawayfrom摆脱、脱离
42.breathn.呼吸
holdone’sbreath屏住呼吸
takeadeepbreath深呼吸
outofbreath上气不接下气
breathev.呼吸
43.bringvt.带来；促使；引起；使某人处于某种情况或境地
bringup提出；教育；养育；呕出
bringdown降低；打倒
bringabout带来
bringin引进
44.brokenadj.坏的；破碎的；蹩脚的
speakinbrokenEnglish
abrokenmarriage
45.budgetn.预算
within/overbudget在预算内/超出预算
ona(tight)budget缺少钱拮据
budgetvt./vi.预算
~sthfor...将...编入预算
~$1,000,000foreducationspending
~for存钱编预算
~foraholidayabroad
46.build—built—builtv.建筑；建造
buildup增进、增强
47.burn—burned—burned/--burnt—burnt燃烧；晒黑、伤
burndown烧毁
burn…totheground=completelydestroyed夷为平地
getburnt被晒伤
aburningcandle燃烧的蜡烛
48.burstv.突发；爆炸
burst—burst—burst
burstoutlaughing/crying=burstintolaughter/tears突然大笑起来/痛哭起来
49.buryv.埋葬；隐藏
bury—buried—buried—burying
buryone’sfaceinthehands手捂着脸
buryoneselfin…=beburiedin…专心致志于......
50.businessn.生意；职责；（本分）工作
onbusiness出差
dobusinesswithsb.
Businessisbusiness.公事公办。
It’snoneofyourbusiness.与你无关。
mindyourownbusiness管好你自己的事
51.busyadj.忙的；忙碌的
bebusywithsth.
bebusy(in)doing忙于做......
busilyadv.
52.butconj.但是prep.除了
not…but…不是…而是
wehavenochoicebuttowait.除了等待别无选择。
Wecandonothingbutwait.除了等待什么也不能做。
butfor要不是、若没有（引导含虚拟语气的句子）
Butforyourhelp,Iwouldhavefailed.
53.by
bybus/car/plane/air/train/ship…乘汽车/小汽车/飞机/火车/船
1.calculatev.计算，核算，打算，认为
Ithasbeencalculatedthat…
Ithasbeencalculatedthatatleast47000jobswerelostlastyear.
(be)calculatedtodosth.
Thespeechwascalculatedtowinvotes.
agirlcalledMary
agirlcallingherselfMary
callonsb.拜访某人
callatsp.参观某地
callfor要求；需要
keepcalm保持冷静
calmdown镇定下来
summercamp夏令营
gocamping去野营
can’thelpdoing=can’thelpbutdo禁不住
cannot…too…=cannever…too…越…越好/再…也不为过
Youcanneverbetoocarefulwhencrossingthestreet.
6.caren.照料；保管v.在乎；介意
takecareof照顾、保管
takecare(that)…当心......
Idon’tcare.我不在乎/我不放在心上。
carefor喜欢；照顾
careabout关心；在乎
becarefulof…当心,小心
carefully
listencarefully
carryon继续，进行
carryout实施，执行
incase+句子/incaseof+名词万一
inthis/thatcase如果这样/那样的话
innocase绝不
asisoftenthecase事实往往如此
Asisoftenthecase,womenlivelongerthanman.
Therearesomecaseswherethismethodwon’twork.
payincash/bycheck用现金支付
cashacheck兑现支票
cashinon…从...获得利润
Theshoparecashinginontemporaryshortagebyraisingprices.
castyournetwide
catchupwith赶上
catchsightof看见
catchsb.doing撞见/捉住某人做某事
catchone’seye=attractone’sattention引起某人注意；引人注目
caterforsth/sb为......提供所需
Theclasscatersforallabilityranges.
Thecattleareintheshed.
牛在牛棚里。
causeandeffect因果
thecauseoffire/cancer火灾/癌症的起因
becautiousof/about...
cautionn.谨慎小心
withcaution小心地
cautionsb.todocautionsb.against...警告某人警惕
Wewerecautionednottodrivetoofast.
celebrateone’sbirthday
celebrateChristmas
centralbank/government
centren./v.中心；以......为中心
inthecentreoftheroom
centreon/upon/round/around…把…当中心；使…成为中心
attendaweddingceremony
standonceremony拘于礼节
withoutceremony粗鲁无礼，不拘礼节
becertainof=besureof对…确信的
becertaintodo=besuretodo一定会、必然
makesure/certainof…保证、弄清楚
Itiscertainthat…
face/takeupachallenge面对/接收挑战
challengingadj.具有挑战性的
achallengingjob
givesb.achance给…一次机会;
takeachance/chances冒险；碰运气
bychance/accident偶然;
Thereisa/nochancethat…有可能/不可能…
change…into…把……变成......
changeone’smind改变主意
GreatchangeshavetakenplaceinChina.
Thereisnotimetogetchangedbeforetheparty.
Doyouhaveanychangeon/withyou
akeycharacteristicof…
charge…for…收/要价多少
chargesb.withsth/doing指控某人做了
getthephonecharged手机被充电
Thesoldierswerechargingforwardbravely.战士们勇敢地向前冲。
chargen.费用；掌管，负责；电荷
takechargeof负责......
inchargeof负责......
inthechargeof被/由...…负责
freeofcharge免费
chat—chatted—chatted—chatting
haveachatwithsb.与某人聊天
chatroom聊天室
bycheck用支票支付
辨析：check/examine
check指核对某事物是否正确,examine表检查、调查、审查等
checktheanswers
examineyourbody/eyes
examinethemachine
Agreatcheerwentupfromthecrowd.
cheersbon为某人加油
cheerup振作起来；高兴起来
Cheers!共同举杯
acheerfulsmile
incash付现金
bycheck/cheque用支票支付
Wouldyoulikesomechicken来点鸡肉怎么样？
Don’tcountyourchickensbeforetheyarehatched.
不要在还没孵出小鸡之前先数鸡。（别指望过早；别打如意算盘）
choosev.选择choose—chose—chosen
makeachoice/makechoices做选择
havenochoicebuttodo除了…别无选择
WechoseBillaschairman.
Therearealotofbookstochoosefrom.
MerryChristmas!
onChristmasEve在平安夜
atChristmas圣诞节期间
onChristmas在圣诞节这天
gotochurch
attendchurch去教堂做礼拜
gotothecinema去看电影
Theplanecircledovertheairportbeforelanding.
circulatesth(tosb.)
Thedocumentwillbecirculatedtoallmembers.
clarifyasituation/problem/issue
clarificationn.
afterclass下课
haveclasses上课
thefirstclass头等
theworkingclass工人阶级
classify…into…
classifysb./sthas…
Onlyelevenoftheseaccidentswereclassifiedasmajor.
cleanup打扫干净
cleanthetable/theroom
43.clearadj.清晰的v.清除，放晴
clearwater清澈的水
aclearexplanation清晰的解释
makeoneselfclear表达清楚
clearup（天气）放晴
clearlyadv.
44.closevt.关闭adj.近的；亲密的adv.近地
closelyadv.密切地；仔细地
watchclosely密切注视；仔细观察
aclosefriend一个亲密的朋友
be/stand/getcloseto
closethedoor/eyes
withhiseyesclosed/open
closedown关闭，倒闭
apieceofcloth
atablecloth
clothingu/n(总称)衣服
apieceofclothing/anarticleofclothing一件衣服
clothes(pl.)衣服
on/alongthecoast在岸上/沿岸
offthecoast离海岸不远的地方
acupofcoffee
acoffee/twocoffees一杯/两杯咖啡
Everycoinhastwosides.事物皆有两面性
bycoincidence碰巧
collectstamps/stampcollecting集邮
astampcollection
havealargecollectionofbooks
combineAwith/andB
came-came-come
comeupwith提出；想出
comeacross偶遇
comeabout产生，发生
comeon加油；快点；得啦
cometrue实现
comeup走近；被提出；想起；发芽
comeout出来；出版
liveincomfort生活安逸
acomfort令人安慰的人或事
comfortableadj.
liveacomfortablelife
comfortablyadv.
livecomfortably
at/by/underone’scommand服从某人的命令
haveagoodcommandof很好的掌握......
commandsb.todosth.
commandthatclause(shoulddo)
makeacommenton/aboutsth
commenton/uponsth
commitmurder/suicide
commityourself(tosth)承诺......
Youdon’thavetocommityourselfnow,justthinkaboutit.
acommonmistake常见错误
commonpractice惯例
commonsense常识
havemuch/alot/little/nothingincommon
incommonwith…和……一样
communicationn.
Hewaseagertocommunicatehisideastothegroup.
communicatewithsb
keepsb.company陪伴某人
compare…with…把…和…比较
compare…to…把…比作…
comparedwith/to(作状语)与…相比
Comparedwith/tootherpeople,heisfortunate.
compensateforsth弥补......
compensatesbforsth弥补/赔偿某人某物
competitionn.
competewith/againstsbinsthforsth
acompletestory完整的故事
completetheproject
completelyadv.
becompletelydestroyed彻底毁坏
agreeonacompromise
makeacompromisewith
bycompromise通过妥协
reach/cometo/arriveat/compromise
Itiscompulsoryforsbtodo
Itiscompulsoryforallmotorcycliststowearhelmets（头盔）.