Unit19Afreedomfighter高二英语英语频道

【用法一】vt.对待某人(某物),处理

例如:Weshouldtreatotherskindly

我们必须好心地对待别人。

【用法二】n.难得的乐事(尤指令人感到意外的)。

例如:Itookmysontothezooasabirthdaytreat.

我带儿子去动物园作为祝贺他生日的方式。

【用法三】n.请客、招待、款待

例如:Thismealismytreat.Soputyourmoneyaway.

这顿饭我请客,你把钱收起来吧。

1)treat…asif/asthough把……当……看

例如:Shetreatsusasif/asthoughwewerechildren.

她把我们当孩子看.

2)treatsb/sthas/like把……作为……对待

例1:Wetreatedhimasahero.

我们把他看成英雄(实际上他已经是英雄)

例2:Wetreatedhimlikeahero.

我们把他当英雄对待。

2.forbid

【用法】vt.禁止、不许

例如:Thelawforbidstheuseofchemicalfertilizers.

法律禁止使用化学肥料。

1)forbidsb.sth禁止某人拥有某物

例如:Heforbadehischildrensweetsbecausehedidn’twanttheirteethtoberuined.

他不准孩子吃糖,因为他不想让他们的牙齿受损坏。

2)forbidsb.todosth禁止某人做某事

例如:Theheavyrainforbadeustogoout.

大雨妨碍我们外出。

3)prevent/stopsbfromdoingsth阻止某人做某事

例如:Noonecanprevent/stopusfromcarryingouttheplan.

任何人都无法阻止我们实施计划。

3.free

【用法】adj自由的;免费的

例1:Tomisafreeman.

汤姆是一个自由人。

例2:Igotthisticketforfree.

我不花钱就弄到这张票。

1)befreetodosth自由干某事

例如:Youarefreetogoanywhereyouwish.

你愿意去哪儿就去哪儿。

2)setsb.free使某人获得自由

例如:Theyagreedtosetalltheirprisonersfree.

它们同意释放所有的囚犯。

3)free…from使……自由

例如:Shefreedthebirdformitscage.

她把鸟从笼子里放了。

4.achieve

【用法】vt.达到目的,实现,获得

例如:Hehasachievedgreatsuccessinhisstudy.

他在学习中取得了很大的成功。

1)achieveone’sgoal/aim/nothing达到目的/目标/什么都没获得

例1:Youwillneverachievehisgoal/aimifyoudoesnotworkharder.

如果你不加紧工作,你将一事无成。

例2:Unluckily.After10yearsofhardworking.Heachievednothing.

不幸的是,辛辛苦苦努力了10年他却一事无成。

2)achievementn.成绩,成就

例如:Wefeltagreatsenseofachievementwhenwereachedthetopofthemountain.

当我们到达山顶时,我们有一种巨大的成就感。

3)gainvt.获得,达到

例如:we’llgainnothingbydelayingthemeeting.

我们不会因为推迟这次会议而有所收获。

5.force

【用法】vt.施强加于;强行促成、撞开、通过;勉强作出

例1:Thethievesforcedanentryintothehouse.

小偷强行闯入这所房子。

例2:Wehadtoforceourwaythroughthecrowd.

我们强行通过拥挤的人群。

例3:Althoughhewasingreatpain,heforcedasmile.

他虽然很痛苦,仍强作欢笑。

1)forcesb.todosth迫使某人做某事

例如:Hewon’tdoitunlessyouforceher(to)

你不强迫他,他就不干。

2)force…on/upon使被迫接受

例如:Hedidn’twanttobepaid,butweforcedthemoneyon/uponhim.

他不想要报酬,但我们强迫他收下这笔钱。

3)madesb.do/obligesb.todo强迫某人干某事

例1:Hewasmadetowashthewindows,mostofwhichhadnotbeenwashedforalongtime.

例2:Shefeltabligedtoleaveaftersuchanunpleasantquarrel.

在这样一次不愉快的争吵后,她觉得有必要离开。

6.pass

【用法】vt.……被通过,批准;传递、传给;通过……;消磨(时光)

例1:Anewlawhasbeenpassedtoprotecttherightsforwomen.

又通过一项新法律保护妇女的权益。

例2:Couldyoupassmethebookonthedesk

请把桌上那本书递给我行吗?

例3:Didyoupassyourdrivingtest

你通过了驾驶考试吗?

例4:Ontheshipjourney,wesangsongstopassthetime.

我们在乘船的途中唱歌消磨时光。

1)passaway指人去世(委婉语)

例如Theoldmanpassedawayinhersleep.

这位老人在睡眠中去世了。

2)passdowm/on常用被动语态,把……传给后世。

例如:Thetraditionhasbeenpasseddownfromgenerationtogeneration.

这是几代人留下来的传统。

3)passout昏过去,失去知觉

例如:Shealwayspassesoutatthesightofblood.

她总是一见到血就昏过去。

4)passed,pass的过去式

例如:Hepassedmeanapple.

他递给了我一个苹果。

5)pastprep.经过,超过

例如:Theboyrushedpastus.

男孩从我们身边冲过。

7.separate

【用法一】vt.分离,隔开

例如:NobodycanseparateTaiwanfromthemainland.

没有人能把我们分开

【用法二】adj.不同的,不一样的;独自的,各自的

例1:Thebarandtherestaurantareunderseparatemanagement

酒巴和餐厅分别由不同部门经营。

例2:Thechildreneachhaveseparaterooms.

孩子们都有自己的房间。

【用法三】adj.分开的

例如:Pleasekeepthebreadseparatefromtheonions.

请把面包和洋葱分开。

1)separatefrom分离隔开

例如:Astraitseparatesus.

一条海峡把台湾和大陆分开。

2)separateinto

例如:Anorangeseparatesintonineortenpieces.

橙子可以分成九瓣或十瓣。

3)tell…from分辨,辨别

例如:Ican’ttellMaryfromRose,wholooksoalike.

我分不清玛丽和罗斯,她们是如此相象。

4).divide…into

例如:TheUnitedStatesisdividedinto50states.

美国划分为五十个州。

8.open

【用法】adj对……开放,敞开的;不设防的,愿意接受的

例1:Thelibraryisopentoallthestudents.

图书馆向所有的学生开放。

例2:Heisalwaysopentosuggestions.

他一向愿意听取各种建议。

openfireat/onsb(向)……开火

openinto/onto通向,通往,通到

openone’smouth开口说话

openone’seye’sto使某人认错/了解

openup开拓,开辟,开发

1)turnonwater/gas开水龙头、煤气开关

2)opendoors/windows/boxes开门(窗)/箱子

3)unfoldatable/bed打开折叠桌/床

4)untierope/shoelaces打开绳子、或鞋带

9.dream

【用法一】n.梦、梦想

例如:Ihadadreamaboutmybrotherlastnight.

我昨天晚上做了一个梦,梦见了我的兄弟。

【用法二】vt.做梦

例如:IdreamedthatIbecameasinger.

我梦见我成为歌星了。

1)dreamof/about做梦,梦见

例如:—Whatdidyoudreamabout

—IdreamedthatIwasflyingtothemoon.

—你梦见什么了?

—我梦见我正飞往地球。

3)dreamaway.虚度(光阴)

例如:Ideeplyregretdreamingawaythehours.

我极度后悔虚度时光。

4)dreamup虚构出,凭空想出

例如:Theycanalwaysdreamupsomenewexcusefortheplaneleavinglate.

他们总能为飞机晚点编出一些新借口。

(二)重要词组

1.fightfor

fightfor为……而战,为……而奋斗

例如:Womeninsomecountriesarestillfightingforbetterjobsandbetterpay.

一些国家的女性仍在为争取好工作、好待遇而斗争。

1)fightagainstsb/sth同某人或某事作斗争。

例如:BritainfoughtagainsttheUSontheWarofIndependence.

英国在独立战争期间与美国作战。

2)struggle作“战斗”时与fight同义

例如:Theywerefighting/strugglingtogetoutoftheburningcar.

他们极力从烧着的车子里往外爬。

2.setanexampletosb.

setanexampletosb.给某人树立榜样=setsb.anexample

例如:Shearrivedattheofficeearlytosetanexampletotheothers.

她提早到办公室,为其他人树立了榜样。

1)giveanexample用于举例说明

例如:Shetalkedaboutlargeanimalsandgaveelephantsanexample.

她谈到大动物,并举大象作例子。

2)followone’sexample学某人样子

例如:Hefollowedhismother’sexampleanddidsomecookinginthekitchen.

他学他妈妈的样子在厨房里做饭。

3)takesth.forexample以……为例

例如:Takenoddingtheheadforexample,insomeAsiancountriesitmeansnot“yes”but“no”.

以点头为例,在亚洲一些国家,点头不是“同意”,而是“不同意”。

3.earnsomemoney

earnsomemoney挣钱、赚钱

例如:Heearns20,000yuanayearbywritingstories.

他写小说一年赚2万元钱。

1)makemoney赚钱

例如:Hemadealargesunofmoneybysellingcars.

靠销售汽车,他赚了一大笔钱。

2)earn/makealiving谋生

例如:Whatdoesyourfatherdotoearn/makealiving

你父亲靠什么工作维持生计?

4.putsb.inprison

putsb.inprison把某人投进监狱

例如:Manypeoplewereputinprisonwithoutanyreason.

许多人毫无理由地被关进了监狱。

1)sendsb.toprison把某人送进监狱

2)throw/castsb.intoprison把某人投进监狱

3)gotoprison入狱

5.makeenemy

makeenemy树敌

例如:Hemademanyenemiesinallhislife.

他一生中树敌颇多。

makeprogress进步makefriends交朋友

makebed铺床makeup构成

makesure确保makeuseof利用

makeroomfor为……挪地方makefaces作鬼脸

makefunof取笑makerepairs修理

6.giveupsth/doing

giveupsth/doing放弃

例如:Hedecidedtogiveupsmoking.

他决定戒烟。

1)giveout发出光热

例如:Thesungivesoutlightandheat.

太阳发出光热

2)giveoff发出(气味)

例如:Thefishgivesoffterriblesmells.

这鱼发出一股臭味

3)giveout耗尽

例如:Thetigergaveoutallitsenergy,dead.

这只老虎耗尽了它的气力后,死了。

4)giveaway背弃、暴露

例如:Weshouldn’tgiveawayourfriendsatanytime.

不管什么时候我们都不应背弃我们的朋友。

7.callfor

callfor来找(某人一起去某地),来取(某物)需要,要求

例1:I’llcallforyouatnine.

我要在九点钟来找你。

例2:Theprojectwillcallforalotofmoney.

那项工程需要很多钱

1)callon/upon访问(某人)探望(某人)呼呼

例如:Ihopetocallonyouatyourofficethisafternoon.

我希望今天下午能在你的办公室见你。

2)callat访问(某地)

例如:Ihadnotimetocallattheplacewherehewasworking.

3)callin请,召集

例如:Kateisill.Pleasecallinadoctorquickly.

凯特病了,快请位医生来。

例如:Pleasedocallmeuptomorrow.

(三)难点句型

1.Ihadadreamthatmyfourlittlechildrenwillonedayliveinanationwheretheywerenotbejudgedbythecoloroftheirskinbutbythecontentoftheircharacter.

我梦想有一天我的四个孩子将生活在一个不以他们的肤色而是以他们的品格优劣来评价他们的国度里。

【解析】not…but意为“不是……而是……”,引出两个对等成份。若连接两个主语,谓语动词的数应和就近一个主语一致。

例1:Amanshouldbejudgednotbyhiswords,butbyhisdeeds.

不应该从言语上而应从行动上去判断一个人。

例2:Nottheteacherbutthestudentsareinterestedinthefilm.

不是老师而是学生对该电影感兴趣。

2.AgroupwasformedtodemandthatthebuscompanyshouldchangeitsunfairpracticesandKingwasmadepresident.

成立了一个组织要求汽车公司改变不公正的做法,金被选为这个组织的主席。

【解析1】demand+thatsb.shoulddosth.“请求,要求某人干某事”常用虚拟语气,即should+动词原形,should有时可省略。

例如:Theoppositionhavedemandedthatallthefacts(should)bemadepubic.反对派要求把所有的事实都公之于世。

【解析2】demand用作名词,表达要求,强求之意时,后面也可接that引起的从句,从句中一般用should+动词原形,其中should也可省略。

例如.Hemadethedemandthatshe(should)leavetheplaceatonce.

他要求她立即离开那个地方。

【解析3】类似于demand(要求),宾语从句中接虚拟结构的动词有:require(要求),request(请求),order(命令),suggest(建议),等。

(四)语法精讲

学习定语从句关键在于选择关系词,以及理解定语从句的结构及作用。

1、选择关系代词的规则。

1)先行词与关系词保持同一类别(指人或指物)。

2)根据先行词在定语从句中所起的作用来确定。

作定语、宾语、表语、定语用关系代词;作状语用关系副词。

1、关系代词中that的用法最灵活,既指人双指物,一般来说,可与who,which互换使用,但在下列情况下,一般只能用that.

前提:关系代词指物时的用法:

1)先行词为everything,anything,nothing,all,little,much等不定代词时。

例1:Allthatwesawinthelabinterestedus.

在实验室里见到的一切令我们感兴趣。

例2:Everythingthatwehavedoneisforyou.

我们所做的一切都是为了你。

2)先行词被every,all,no,some,any,little,much所修饰时。

例1:Hehaseatenupalltheapplesthatyougavehim.

他把你给他的苹果全吃了。

例2:IspentmuchmoneythatIhadsavedonacomputer.

我把省下来打算买电脑的钱又花去了许多。

3)先行词被形容词最高级或序数词所修饰时。

例1:That’sthemostinterestingbookthatIhaveeverread.

那是我读过的最有趣的一本书。

例2:ThefirstcompositionthathehaswritteninFrenchispraisedbyhisteacher.

他用法语写的一篇作文得到了老师的表扬。

4)先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast等修饰时。

例1:Thatistheverybook(that)Iamlookingfor.

那正是我要找的书。

例2:Thelastperson(that)wevisitedwasourheadmaster.

我最后拜访的人是我们的校长。

5)当先行词是既指人又指物的并列词组时,不能用关系词which或who。

例如:Thebusranoveraboyandhisdogthatwerejustcrossingthestreet.

那辆公交车从当时横过街道的男孩和他的狗身上压过去了。

6)当主句是以who或whom开头的特殊疑问时,不用who/whom/which引导。

例1:Whoistheboythatissingingbytheriver

在河边唱歌的那个男孩是谁?

例2:Whichoftheparksthatwevisitedyesterdayisthemostbeautiful

在我们昨天参观的公园中,哪一个最美?

7)定语从句修饰作表语的名词时。

例如:Heisnotthemanthatusedtobe.

他已经不再是过去的他了。

3、下面情况的定语从句宜用who而不用that。

1)先行词为person,people,those(指人)时,多用who.

例1:Personswhowanttogotherepleasecomehere.

想去那里的人请到这里来。

例2:ThosewhowillvisitBeijingareadvancedworkers.

那些将去北京参观的人是先进生产者。

2)先行词为he,they,anyone,someone等时,宜用who。

例1:Anyonewhohearsthestorywillbemoved.

谁听了这个故事都会感动。

例2:HewhodoesnotreachtheGreatWallisnotatrueman.

不到长城非好汉。

3)在therebe开头的句子中。

例如:Thereisapersonwhowantstoseeyou.

有人想见你。

4)在非限制性定语从句中。

例如:ImetTom,whotoldmethenews.

我见到了汤姆,他告诉了我这个消息。

4、关系代词whom(指人),which(指物)在定语从句中作介语的宾语时,介词可以放在关系代词之前,这时关系代词只能用which或whom,不能用who或that。即:介词+关系代词。

例1:Thisisthehotelinwhichwestayedlastyear.

这就是我们去年呆过的旅馆。

例2:Theyarrivedatthefarmhouse,infrontofwhichsatasmallboy.

他们来到一农舍,在这农舍前坐着一位小男孩。

例3:Imetsomestudentsinthestreet,twoofwhomaremyclassmates.

我在街上遇见几位学生,其中有两个是我的同班同学。

例4:Thebuses,mostofwhicharenew,stoppedinfrontothebuilding.

那些公交车停在那幢大楼前面了,其中大多数车子还是新车。

注:在学习“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句时,还要注意介词是否属于固定搭配,如属于,则介词不宜提前。

例如:Thechildwhomsheislookingafterisacleverchild.

她在看护的那孩子聪明。

Lookfor为固定搭配,after不能放在whom之前。

5、关系副词引导定语从句,在句中作状语,连接词有when,where,why等。

例1:Thisistheworkshopwhere(inwhich)myfatheronceworked.

这就是我父亲曾工作过的车间。

例2:Whatisthereasonwhy(forwhich)hedidn’tcome

他为什么当时没有来?

例3:I’llneverforgettheyearwhen(inwhich)wewereintheschool.

我永远也不会忘记那一年我们在学校的时光。

(五)交际用语

talkingaboutanevent(谈论事件)

1.Haven’tyou…

你已经……吗?

2.Therewasa…

3.Whywasthat

为什么会那样

4.Whathappened

发生了什么事

5.Iimagine…

我想……

二、活学活用

根据所学知识和所给提示补全下面几段对话。

(A)

背景提示:A刚才参加了一场篮球赛,回到了教室,因B下午一直在教室,所以不知道球赛也没去看,A以为B没兴趣没去看。A受伤了,因为有人撞倒他了,他摔在地上,幸运的是只是腿受了一点伤,而且也去看过了医生,B要A好好休息,他一定会很快好起来的。

A:Hi,whydidn’tyougototheplayground.

B:therewasawonderfulbasketballmatchontheplayground

A:Abasketballmatch.

B:1Itwasbetweenourclassandclass6.What’stheresult

A:2you’renotinterestedinit.

B:Ihavebeenintheclassroonalltheafternoon,soIdon’tknow.

A:WewonbutIwashurt.

B:Really3toyou.

A:SomebodyknockedintomeandIfellontheground.4,nothingserious.Justsomethingwrongwithmyleg.

B:Haven’tyouseenthedoctor

A:Ihave.

B:You’dbetter5.I’msureyou’llbewellsoon.

(B)

背景提示:假如你和你的朋友在谈论有关急救的知识,你告诉对方,如果发现某人已停止呼吸,就必须立即给他做人工呼吸;如果某人在大量出血,要想方设法给他止血;如果某人被动物泖伤,应用自来水冲洗伤口,然后尽快送他去医院;如果某人受人轻微的刀伤,需将伤口处冲洗一下,弄干,然后盖上一块清洁的干布。

A:Excuseme.Canyoutellmehowtogivefirstaid

B:Yes,I’dloveto.

A:6ifwefindamanwhohasstoppedbreathing

B:Youmusttrytostarthisbreathing7.

A:Whatshouldwedotoapersonwhoisbleedingbadly

B:Youshouldtryyourbestto8

A:Andwhatshouldwedoifapersonisbittenbyananimal

B:Washthewoundundercoldrunningwaterandthentakehimtohospital9.

A:Howdowedealwithasimplecut

B:10washtheareaofthecut,dryitandcoveritwithapieceofdrycleancloth.

三、写作快速通关

1、国外佳作欣赏

ThoughIusuallygotothecountryduringtheweek-end,IhaddecidedtospendthewholeofSundayinthecityforachangeandtovisitthecentralsquareandpublicgardens.ItwassoearlywhenIlefthomethatthestreetsweredeserted.Withouttheusualcrowdsandtraffic,everythingwasstrangelyquiet.

When,atlast,IarrivedatthesquareIwassurprisedtofindsomanypeoplethere.Somewerefeedingpigeonsandothersweresittingpeacefullyatthefootofatallstatue.Iwentandsatwiththemsoastogetabetterview.Whatamusedmemostwasalittleboywhowastryingtomakepigeonsflyuptohisshoulder.Hewasholdingsomebird-seedinhishandandwheneverapigeonlandedonhisarm,helaughedsomuchthathefrightenedthebirdaway.

SometimelaterImademywaytothepublicgardens.Heretherewasanentirelydifferentatmosphere.Thesunwasnowbrightandwarmandtheairwasfilledwithgaylaughter.

Thepondinterestedmemorethananythingelse,formanypeoplehadcometosailmodelboats.Theymovedgracefullyacrossthewatercarriedbythewindwhiletheirownerswaitedforthemtoreachtheotherside.

Afterrestingforatimeunderatree,Iwentandjoinedanumberofpeoplewhohadgatheredroundamanwithabigmodelofafamoussailingshipcalled“theCuttySark”.ItwasperfectlymadeandIgazedatitwithadmirationasitsownerplaceditinthewaterwhereitsailedamongtheducksandswans.

Atmidday,Ileftthegardensandslowlybeganwalkinghome.IwasnotatallsorrythatIhadnotgonetothecountryfortheweek-end.TherehadbeenmuchmoretoseeinthecityonaSundaymorningthanIcouldeverhaveimagined.

Notes:desert遗弃,amuse使娱乐,gaze注视,

2、日积月累

1)高考常用词语

2)写作素材积累

①如果句与句之间意义并重,用并列连词and,or,but,atthesametime或连接副词moreover,otherwise,however,therefore等

例如:somestudentsgotoschooltogetknowledge,andothersgotoschooltomakefriends.

②如果一个句子依附于另一个句子,意义上有主次之分,用从属连词although,because,since,if,which…

例如:wemuststudyEnglishwell,becauseitisuseful.

3、高考演习

根据提示写一篇记叙文,词数,100左右。

1)在暑假我很少早起,于是决定早期出去呼吸新鲜空气,享受夏日的清晨。

2)我住学校,早起到操场一看,很多人都在做运动了,他们都在享受这美好的清晨,在路上也有很多人已买了早餐或去上班了。

3)早起的感觉很好,让我能发现很多我想象不到的东西。

四、海外风情

Language

WhatdoyoucallsomeonewhospeaksthreelanguagesTrilingual.WhatdoyoucallsomeonewhospeakstwolanguagesBilingual.Whatdoyoucallsomeonewhospeaksonelanguage

Topeopleinmanycountries,beingbilingualoreventrilingualisawayoflife.ButsincethemothertongueofmostAmericansisEnglish-alanguagewidelyspokenaroundtheworld-theyoftendon'tfeeltheneedtolearnaforeignlanguage.Moreover,peoplewholiveintheheartlandofAmericahavelittlecontactwithotherlinguisticgroups,makingforeignlanguageskillsirrelevant

Actually,though,this"landofimmigrants"hasalwayshadpeopleofmanydifferentnationalities-andlanguages.The1990censusindicatesthatalmost14%ofAmericansspeakanon-Englishlanguageathome.Yetonly3%reportedthattheyspokeEnglish"notwell"or"notatall."Thatmeansthatslightlymorethanoneoutof10Americanscouldbeconsideredbilingual.Besidesthat,manyhighschoolandcollegestudents-andevensomeelementaryschoolstudents-arerequiredtotakeaforeignlanguageasapartoftheircurriculum.InadditiontooldstandbyslikeSpanish,GermanandFrench,moreandmorestudentsareoptingforEasternEuropeanandAsianlanguages.Ofcourse,notallstudentskeepuptheirforeignlanguageabilities.Astheoldsayinggoes,"Ifyoudon'tuseit,youloseit."Butstill,agrowingnumberofAmericansarecomingtoappreciatethebenefitsofbeingmultilingual.

美国语言

你如何称呼能说三种语言的人?三声带。能讲两种语言的人又如何称呼?双声带。那么,只会一种语言的人呢?美国人。

对许多国家的人而言,说两种或三种语言,是家常便饭。但在美国,由于大多数人的母语为英语——一个世界上广泛通用的语言--因此美国人都不觉得有必要学习外语。此外,居住于美国大陆内地的人,较少与其它语言族群接触,因此外语能力更显得无关紧要。

事实上,在美国这块“移民之地”,一直住着来自不同国籍、说不同语言的人口。一九九○年的人口普查显示,几乎百分之十四的美国人,在家里不讲英语。只有百分之三的人宣称他们英语“说得不好”或“根本不会说”。这表示十分之一强的美国人可视为双声带。此外,许多中学生、大学生,甚至小学生在校的学科都必须加修一门外语。除了西班牙文、德文与法文等常选的第二语言外,愈来愈多的学生选修东欧和亚洲语言。当然,并非所有学生都能够学以致用。套句老话:“不用就会丢掉。”尽管如此,愈来愈多的美国人已经开始意识到会说多种语言的好处。

AreYouaGoodTipper

You'reouttodinner.Thefoodwasdeliciousandtheservicewasfine.Youdecidetoleaveabigfattip-whyTheanswermaynotbeassimpleasyouthink.Tipping,psychologistshavefound,israrelyjustaboutservice.Instead,studieshaveshowntippingcanbeinfluencedbypsychologicalreactionstoanarrayoffactorsrangingfromthewaiter'schoiceofwordstohowtheycarrythemselveswhiletakingorderstothebill'stotal.Evenhowmuchwaitersremindcustomersofthemselvescandeterminehowmuchchangetheypocketbytheendofthenight.

"Previousstudieshaveshownthatmimicryenhancespositivefeelingsforthemimicker,"wroteRickvanBaaren,asocialpsychologyprofessorattheUniversityofNikmegenintheNetherlands,inarecentstudyintheJournalofExperimentalSocialPsychology."Thesestudiesindicatethatpeoplewhoarebeingmimickedbecomemoregeneroustowardthepersonwhomimicsthem."Todetectthebenefitofcopyingthecustomer,vanBaarenandhiscolleaguessurveyedstaffinAmerican-styledrestaurantsinsouthernHolland.Amongagroupof59waitstaff,vanBaarenrequestedthathalfrespondtodiner'smealorderswithapositivephrasesuchas,"Comingup!"

Thoseintheotherhalfwereinstructedtorepeattheordersandpreferencesbacktothecustomers.VanBaarenthencomparedtheirtake-home.Theresultswereclear-itpaystoimitateyourcustomer.Thecopycatwaitersearnedalmostdoubletheamountoftipthantheothergroup.LeonardGreenandJoelMyerson,psychologistsatWashingtonUniversityinSt.Louis,foundthegenerosityofatippermaybelimitedbytheirbill.Aftercompilingdatafromnearly1,000tipsleftforwaiters,cabdriversandhairstylists,theyfoundthattippercentagesinallthreeareasdroppedascustomers'billswentup.

Infact,tippercentagesappeartoplateauwhenbillstopped$100andabillfor$200garneredtheworkernobiggerpercentagetipthanabillfor$100.WhyGreenhashistheories,includingoneheattributestoanoldWoodyAllensaying:"Eightypercentofsuccessinlifeisshowingup."

"That'salsoapointoftipping,"Greensays."Youhavetogivealittleextratothecabdriverforbeingtheretopickyouupandsomethingtothewaiterforbeingtheretoserveyou.Iftheyweren'tthereyou'dnevergetanyservice.SoIthinkpartoftheideaofatipisforjustbeingthere."Greenexplainssinceeveryonewouldearnthe"justbeingthere"tip,it'sinevitablethatportionwouldmakeupalargerpercentageofsmallerbills.

你知道怎么给小费吗?

当你在外面吃饭的时候,食物可口,服务周到,于是你决定留下一笔丰盛的小费——这是为什么呢?答案也许不像你想得那么简单。心理学家发现,给小费不仅仅是因为服务。研究表明人们给小费会受到对一系列因素产生的心理反应所影响。这些因素包括从服务员的措辞到结帐时他们的举止。甚至连服务员能在多大程度上让顾客想到自己也决定了他一天下来能够拿到多少小费。

荷兰Nikmegen大学的社会心理学教授里克·范·巴伦在《实验社会心理学》杂志上最近发表的一项研究中写到:“以前的研究已经表明模仿能够增加人们对模仿者的好感。这些研究表明被模仿者对模仿自己的人更慷慨大方。”为了弄清模仿消费者的好处,范·巴伦和他的同事们对荷兰南部美国风味餐馆的员工们进行了调查。在一组总共59名服务员中,范·巴伦要求他们中的一半跟点餐者说“就来!”等明确的答复。

另一半服务员则被要求把顾客点的餐和喜好重复一遍。范·巴伦随后比较了他们所得的小费,结果很清楚——模仿顾客对服务员有好处。模仿顾客的服务员获得的小费差不多是另一组服务员所得的两倍。圣路易斯华盛顿大学的心理学家莱昂纳德和乔尔·迈尔森发现,给小费者人是否慷慨可能会受到帐单金额的影响。通过汇总服务员、出租车司机和发型师收到的近1000份小费的数据,他们发现这三个领域中小费的比例都随着顾客帐单金额的上升而下降。

事实上,当帐单超过100美元后,小费的比例变化不明显。一笔200美元的消费对于服务员来说获得小费的比例并不比100美元的消费高。这是为什么呢?格林有他自己的理论,其中的一条他总结为伍迪·艾伦的名言:“生活中80%的成功是自我表现。”

格林说:“这一点对于给小费来说也很重要。对于接你的出租车司机和为你服务的服务员,你不得不给一点额外的小费。如果他们不存在,你就得不到任何服务,所以我认为给小费一部分是因为他们的存在。”格林解释说,既然每个人都会获得“因为存在”的那部分小费,所以小费在较小金额的消费中必然占较大的比例。

五、单元测试

(一)单项填空

1.______thatsheshouldcomehereontime.

A.SupposeB.DemandC.thinkD.Believe

2.Theysaidtheywouldn’tstopfightinguntilthegovernmenttotheblackpeople.

A.gaveupB.gaveawayC.gaveoutD.gavein

3.Alice,whydidn’tyoucomeyesterday

—I,buthadanexpectedvisitor.

A.hadB.wouldC.wasgoingtoD.did

4.—I’msorrytokeepyouwaiting.I’llmakeshorterworkofthis.

—I’mnotinahurry.

A.TakeiteasyB.TakeyourtimeC.NotatallD.Doasyoulike

5.Thenewbridgeistobecompletedbeforetheendofthisyear.

A.hopedB.demandedC.agreedD.said

6.Whenshallwemeetagain

Makeitdayyoulike,It’sallthesametome.

A.oneB.someC.anyD.another

7.Hedemandedthatthebookstotheschoollibrarytoonce.

A.returnB.shouldreturnC.bereturnedD.wouldbereturned

8.Youlongwillthefineweather

A.joinyouB.joininyouC.joinyouupD.jointoyou

9.Howlongwillfineweather

A.lastforB.continueC.goD.manage

10.youarecomingtohelpusisthemostexcitingnews.

A.IfB.WhatC.ThatD.Whether

11.Whydidn’tyougotoplaybasketball

I,butmymotherdidn’t.

A.wanted;allowB.hopedto;allowmeto

C.wanted;allowitD.hoped;allowit

12.—ItoldBobthenewsourteamhadwonthegoldmedal.

-—YoudidHeveryexcited.

A.which;mustbeB.that;mustbe

C.which;musthavebeenD.that;musthavebeen

13.Don’ttalkaboutsuchthingsyoudonotunderstand.

A.thatB.whichC.asD.aboutwhich

14.Asmanychildren_____cameheregivensomecakes.

A.thatB.asC.whoD.whom

15.Weallholdthebeliefthatmenarecreatedandshouldbetreated.

A.equal;equalB.equally;equallyC.equal;equalD.equally;equal

(二)完形填空

ThetelephoneranginthepolicestationatRichmond,California,USA.“PolicestationAtrainforSantaFecollided(相撞)a1attheMcDonaldStreetCrossing.Pleasecomehereatonce.Withanambulance(救护车),too.Amanisbadlywounded,said(n)2voiceofayoungwoman.

“OK.We’llcomesoon.Please3thereandwait,”repliedthepoliceman.

4aminute,apolicecarandanambulance5off.Soontheygottothecrossing,butonlytofindeverythingwas6.Nocollision,nowoundedman.

“Whatadirtytrick!”saidthepoliceman7.

Wemustfindoutthatmischievous(恶作剧的)8and…

Theyhadnotbeenabletosay9aboutapunishmentwhentheyheardthewhistleofatrainwasnearingthemquickly.Allofasudden,atrain10.Itcamerunningtowardsthem,too.Whenitwaspassingthecrossing,itsuddenly11tomoveon.Rightthenandthere,beforetheeyesofallthe12present,thetraincollidedwithtruckheavilyand13itdozensofmetresaway.

WhenRandolphBruce,thedriver,was14ofthedamagedtruck,hewas15woundedjustastheyoungwomanhadforetold(预言)onthephone.16hewastakentohospitalintime,hewassaved17.

Laterthepolicedidwhatevertheycouldtofindthewomanwhohad18them,butfailed.

Itisreally19thataprophecy(预言)shouldcoincide(巧合)withthe20soexactly.

1.A.trainB.busC.truckD.plane

2.A.anxiousB.sweetC.eagerD.beautiful

3.A.standB.stayC.keepD.leave

4.A.AtB.WithC.BeyondD.Within

5.A.walkedB.turnedC.tookD.started

6.A.fineB.badC.satisfiedD.pleasant

7.A.merrilyB.hurriedlyC.unwillinglyD.angrily

8.A.driverB.womanC.boyD.people

9.A.somethingB.everythingC.anythingD.nothing

10.A.disappearedB.turnedC.appearedD.started

11.A.stoppedB.walkedC.refusedD.began

12.A.policemenB.peopleC.driversD.women

13.A.struckB.beatC.struggledD.broke

14.A.helpedoutB.workedoutC.takenoutD.broughtout

15.A.possiblyB.badlyC.slightlyD.strongly

16.A.AlthoughB.EvenifC.WhileD.As

17.A.infactB.atlastC.aswellD.rightnow

18.A.visitedB.laughedC.telephonedD.repeated

19.A.interestingB.excitingC.surprisingD.pleasing

20.A.hopeB.imaginationC..truthD.fact

(三)阅读理解

Thereisafablethatgoeslikethis:amanwaswalkinginthedesertwhenavoicesaidtohim,“Pleasepickupsomecobblestoneandputthemintoyourpockets,thenyouwillbehappyaswellasregretful(后悔的)tomorrow.”Sothemandid.Thenextdaythecobblestoneschangedintoprecious(珍贵的)stones,hewashappyaswellasregretfulbecausehedidn’tpickupmorethedaybefore.

Readingthisfable,Ican’thelplaughing.Itisalsoveryinteresting.

Afterconsideringitforalongtime,Ithinkitisalsoveryinstructive(有教育意义的).Fromitwecangetatruthoflife:thereisbenefit(好处)infollowingother’sgoodadvice.

Itishelpfultofollowyourparents’,yourteachers’,yourfriends’adviceandtheadviceofotherpersons.Yourgrowthisalsolikewalkingintothedesert.Knowledgeislikethosecobblestones.Followingmoregoodadviceisjustlikepickingupthosecobblestones.

1.Theunderlinedword“fable”inthefirstsentencemeans.

A.avoicetobeheard

B.astoryhavingsomeusefulmeaning

C.apieceofadvicetofollow

D.atextforstudentstolearn

2.Accordingtothetext,whatmadethemanregretful

A.Hedidn’tputthecobblestonesinhispocket.

B.Happinessmadehimso.

C.Heshouldhavepickedupalotofcobblestones.

D.Hemadethecobblestoneschanged.

3.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothetext

A.Thevoicedidn’tcomefromthecobblestones.

B.Hispocketchangedthecobblestonesintodiamonds.

C.Somecobblestonespreventedpeoplewalkingontheroad.

D.Heknewthecobblestonesusedtobepreciousdiamond.

4.Whatlessoncanwelearnfromthetext

A.Knowledgeislikethosecobblestones.

B.One’sgrowthislikewalkingintothedesert.

C.Takinggoodadviceislikepickingupcobblestones.

D.Alltheabove.

EnglandisthelargestcountryinBritain.ItscapitalisLondon,whichisontheThames.TheportofLondonisoneofthegreatestportsintheworld.ShipsfromallcountriesgoupanddowntheThames.TheybringfoodtothepeopleofBritain.ThentheytakeBritishmachinesandotherthingsbacktotheportsfromwhichtheycome.

TherearemanyscenicspotsintheWestofEngland.ThelakesherearethemostbeautifulinEngland.Therearetrees,andflowersandgreenroundthem.

Thewaterisalmostalwaysverystill,andeverythingelseroundthelakeupside-downinthewater.Thereareboatsonallthelargerlakes,whichtakepeoplefromonesidetotheother.Therearealwaysalotofboatsonallthelargerlakes,whichtakepeoplefromonesidetotheother.Therearealwaysalotofboatsonthelakesinsummer.

TravelersfrommanycountriesoftheworldgototheWestofEnglandinsummer.Thereareboatracesonthelargestlakes,andpeoplefrommanyplacesinpeopletravelfromoneplacetoanotherontheirbicycles,orwalkfromonelaketoanother.

5.Accordingtotheabovetext,theportofLondon.

A.onlytakesbusinesswithinthecountry

B.isthebusiestintheworld

C.isgreaterthantheothersintheworld

D.playsanimportantincarryinginfoodandoutmachinesandotherthings.

6.AtravelertoBritainwillprobablyfirstvisit.

C.scenicspotsintheWestofEnglandD.theportofLondon

7.Theupside-downscenescanbeseeninthelakesbecause.

A.thewaterisverystillB.youhaveagoodsight

C.thereisagoodlightD.youstandnearthem

8.AsaforeigntravelerinEngland,you’llbesorrytomissthechanceof.

A.climbingthegreenhillsandbrownmountains

B.watchingboatracesonthelargestlakes

C.tastingfishfromtheThames

D.swimminginthelakes

(C)

Darwinwasagreatscientist.Hestudiedlivingthingintheworld.Hesaid,“Therearethousandsofdifferentlivingthings,butinthepast,thenumberwassmaller.Inthebeginningperhapsonlyone.”

Darwinwaitedalongtimebeforeheputthesethingsintoabook.Healwaystriedtoaddmoreandmorefacts;hewantedhisideasaboutevolution(进化)toberight.

Ittookhimmanyyearstowritethebook.Onthefirstday,peopleboughteverycopy.ThemenofchurchesfoughtagainstDarwin’sideas.Hisstoryoftheworldwasdifferentfromtheirs.SoeitherDarwinorthemenofthechurchesmustbewrong.Butthechurchesdidn’tbringanynewfacts,orbetterideas.Theyonlybroughtangrywords.

Later,Darwinwroteabookabouttheevolutionofman.Hesaidthatmanisalsoakindofanimal.Andagain,Darwindidn’tjustwritedownhisownideas.Hefilledhisbookwithfacts.Weknownowthathewasright.Therehavebeenmenformorethanamillionyears.Wehavefoundsomeoftheirbones.Boneshavetoldusabouttheevolutionoflivingthings.

Likeanyotheranimal,manslowlychangedthroughtime.Butwecan’tfindthebonesofmenfromafewmillionyearsago.Thereweren’tanymenatthattime.Theworld’sanimalsweredifferentthen.

Butthebonescantakeusbackwards(向后)throughtimeintothepast.Andtheycanhelpuswithourstudyoftheevolutionoflife.

9Accordingtothetext,Darwinbelievedthat.

A.thenumberoflivingthingshadalwaysbeengrowing

B.thereweremorelivingthingsinthepast

C.therewereonethousandlivingthingsatthattime

D.therewouldbeasmallnumberoflivingthingsinthefuture

10.Fromthetext,wecanknowthatDarwin’sbook.

A.madepeopleangryB.waslikedbypeople

C.changedalltheoldideasD.wasn’timportantenough

11.TherewereinDarwin’sbook.

C.bothideasandfactsD.angrywords

12.Themen’sbonesareimportantbecause.

A.theyhelpuswiththestudyoftheevolutionoflife

B.theyprovethateverythingDarwinsaidwastrue

C.theyshowwhatmenlookedlikedinthepast

D.theytellusthereweremenafewmillionyearsago

(D)

Themostfamousstatue,thesphinx(狮身人面像)inEgypt,hasbeendamaged.Theexpertsaregoingtofindoutthecausetoprotectit.

TheSphinxhasthebodyofalionandthefaceofaman.Itwascutfromlimestone(石灰石)nearEgyptpyramidabout4,600yearsago.NotlongbeforealargepieceofstonefellfromtheSphinx’srightshoulder.Toprotectthestatuefrommoreharm,acomputerwasplacedonittomeasurerainfall,windspeedandairtemperature.

Thecomputeralsomeasuredtheamountofwaterandairpollution,thedirectionofwindandthetemperatureofthestatueitself.Theeffectsofage,wind,waterandpollutionhavegreatlyweakenedtheSphinx.Sunlight,wind,waterandpollutionhavebeeneroding(侵蚀).Theexpertssaidknowmoreabouttheoutsideofthestatuefromthecomputerwillhelpitfrommoredamage.TheysaythemoretheyknowaboutwhatisdestroyingtheSphinx,themoretheycandotoprotectit.

13.ThemostfamousstatuetheSphinx.

C.hasbeenwellprotectedalthough4,600yearshavepassed

D.wasintoopooraconditiontobeprotected

14.NotuntilalargepieceofstonefellfromtheSphinxrightshoulder.

A.didtheexpertstakestepstoprotectit

B.didtheSphinxbegintobedamaged

C.didthepollutedairbegintodamageit

D.didtheSphinxbegintodrawpeople’sattention

15.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue

A.TheSphinxisnearthepyramids.

B.TheSphinxismorethan4,500yearsold.

C.TheSphinxisoneofthemostfamousstatuesintheworld.

D.Nomoredamagewilltakeplacefromnowon.

16.Thetextabovemainlytellsus.

A.somethingaboutthecomputerfixedontheSphinx.

B.AboutthepresentconditionoftheSphinxandhowtorebuildit.

C.TheexpertaretryingtofindthecausesoastoprotecttheSphinx,whichhasbeendamaged.

D.Aboutthecourseandcauseofthedamage

(E)

Beingnotfarfromthesea,Londonisfamousforitsfogs(雾).TheworstofthemhappenedonDecember4,1952.Allmovementinthetowncametoastop.Itwasalmostimpossibletodriveorrideinanything.Thestreetsleadingintothecenterwerefilledwithbusesthatmovedtwomilesanhour.Soon,allthetrafficwasstopped.Beingleftbytheirdrivers,thebusesandcarsstoodemptyinthestreets.Manywhousuallytraveledbybustookunderground.Butthereweresomanypeopletherethatthegateshadtobeclosed.Beingcaughtinthefog,peoplefelttheirwayalongthewallsofthehouseswithonehand,whiletheyputouttheotherinfrontofthemsoasnottoknockagainstsomethingorsomebody.

AttheOperaHouse(歌剧院)theygotthoroughthefirstact(幕)ofLaTraviatabeforesomuchfoghadspreadintothebuildingthatthesingerscouldnotseetheconductor.

Itwasaterriblefog,indeed,andasmanyas4,000peopleinLondonlosttheirlivers.

17.Thebesttitlefortheabovetextis.

A.TheDriversB.HowtoDrive

C.TheLondonFogD.WhatHappenedinFog

18.Theboldword“underground”means.

A.火车B.地铁C.电车D.飞机

19.Thosewhoinfoghadtofeeltheirwayalongthewallsofthehousesinordernottoknockagainstsomethingorsomebody

A.wereabletodriveB.tooktheunderground

C.werecaughtD.losttheirlives

20.VeryheavyfogoftenhappeninLondonbecause.

A.thereisalotofsnowinthecityB.thecityisfamousitscity

C.thecityisfarfromtheseaD.thecityisnearsea

(四)短文改错

Agroupofboyswaslosinginthewoodson1.

yesterdaygoonahike(远足),Theboyswere4.

expectedbackatcampat12:00p.m.,thesearchparty5.

groupdidnotreturnto12:30p.m.,thesearchparty6.

wentintothewoodtolookforthem.Atlasttheywere7._

foundoutnearaclearing(森林空地)atabout3:00p.m..8._

Theboyswerehappilytobebackatcamp.Theyrested9._

forawhileandthenjoiningthegroupagain.10._

Unit20Disability

本单元重点单词

disabilityn.残疾、无能

attituden.态度、看法

foxn.狐、狐狸

touristn.旅行者、观光者

probableadj有可能、有希望的

hopefullyadv.有希望地

deafadj聋的

seizevt.抓住(时机)

wheelchairn.轮椅

blindadj瞎的

conductvt.引导、带领

seldomadv.很少、平常

entervt.进去、进入

conductorn.管理人、(音乐)指挥、指导者

disabledadj残废的、残疾的

bathroomn.浴室、洗室

sensen.感觉、意识

slightlyadv.微小地、细小地

treatmentn.治疗、疗法

hearingn.听力

preventvt.防止、预防

splendidadj极好的、令人满意的

tonguen.舌头

mattern.物质、事情

paintingn.油画、水彩画

nervousadj紧张不安的

brainn.脑子

clinicn.诊所在地

forwardadv.将来、今后

best-sellern.畅销书

nationaladj国家的、民族的

videon.录像、视频

musiciann.音乐家、乐师

flagn.旗

turnout

结果是

have…attitudetowards

以……的态度对待

dreamof

梦想

asthough/if

好像、仿佛

determineto

决定

asamatteroffact

事实上、其实

eventhough/if

即使

inneedof

需要

ontheplatform

在讲台上

endup

结束、告终

translate…into

把……翻译成

referto

提及、涉及

thebeginningof

起初、开始

makesure

确信

takedoctor’sdegree

获得博士学位

provide…for

提供

continuewith

继续

atthelatest

最迟

befullof

充满

lookforwardto

盼望

loseone’shearing

失去听力

(一)、重要单词

1.determine

【用法】vt.确定,决定

例1:Shewilldeterminehowitistobedone.

她会决定这件事的做法。

例2:Theexamresultscoulddetermineyourcareer.

考试成绩会决定你的前途。

1)bedeterminedtodosth决心干某事;determinedtodo表“决定”。

例1:I’mdeterminedtosucceed.

我决心要努力获得成功。

例2:Wedeterminedonanearlystart.

我们决定早点出发。

2)decide在经过考虑后作出决定,得出结论和判断,解决争端问题时用decide

例如:Itisdifficulttodecidebetweenthetwo.

很难在两者之间决定取舍。

3)表示下决心干某事时除以上二者外还可用makeupone’smind.

例如:I’mdetermined/I’vedecided/I’vemadeupmymindtochangemyjob.

我决心换掉工作。

2.marry

【用法】vt&vi.嫁娶,结婚

例1:JaneisgoingtomarryJohn.

简要嫁给约翰。

例2:Hemarriedagainoneyearafterthedivorce.

他离婚一年后又结婚了。

例如:MarygotmarriedtoJack3yearsago.

简和杰克三年前结婚了。

2)bemarriedto结婚(说明状态)

例如:HowlonghasJanebeenmarriedtoJack

They’vebeenmarriedfor3years.

简和杰克结婚多少年了?他们结婚三年了。

3)marrysb.tosb.把某人嫁给某人,让某人娶某人

例如:Thefathermarriedhisdaughtertoalawyer.

这位父亲把女儿嫁给了一位律师。

3.sound

【用法一】vi.发声;听起来

例如:Themusicsoundsbeautiful.

这音乐听起来很美。

【用法二】n.声音

例如:asoundofthewind风的声音

例如:Thedishtastesdelicious.

这道菜味道鲜美。

2).smellvi.闻起来

例如:Theflowersmellspleasant.

花香宜人。

3).feelvi.摸起来

例如:Thiskindofclothfeelssoft.

这种布料摸起来柔软。

4.difficulty

【用法一】n.困难,费劲

例如:Shehadgreatdifficultyinunderstandinghim.

她很难理解他。

【用法二】n.难事,麻烦事(可数名词)

例如:Hefacesmanydifficulties.

他面临着许多麻烦事

1)havedifficulty(in)doingsth做某事费劲

例如:Ihavesomedifficulty(in)learningEnglish.

我学英语有些困难。

2)havedifficultieswithsth.某事遇到麻烦

例如:Shehassomedifficultieswithherjob.

她工作上有些麻烦

3)havetrouble(in)doingsth/withsth做某事有麻烦

例如:Wehavenotroubleinfindingherhouse.

我们毫不费劲地找到了她的家。

5.sit

【用法一】vi.坐下,就座,位于(反)

例如:Shesatatadesk.

她坐在桌旁。

【用法二】vt.使坐下

例如:Hesathissononalittlechair.

他让儿子坐在一张小椅子.

seat使就座,入座。

例1:Marysatatthedesk=Marywasseatedatthedesk

=Maryseatedherselfatthedesk.

玛丽坐在书桌旁。

例2:Doyouknowthegirlsittingbythewindow

=Doyouknowthegirlseatedbythewindow

你认识坐在窗户边上的那个女孩吗?

6.sieze

【用法】vt.抓住,夺取,占领

例如:Thearmyhasseizedpower.

军队执掌了政权。

1)seizeon利用、采用

例如:Sheseizedonmysuggestion.

她采纳了我的建议。

2)seizesb.byarm抓住某人的胳膊

例如:Heseizedthethiefbythearm.

他抓住了这个小偷的胳膊。

3)catch抓到;逮住(表示结果)

例如:Thepolicemancaughtthethiefasheran.

在贼逃跑时,警察把他抓住了。

4)grasp紧抓在手中并保持

例如:Thechildgraspedhismotherbythearm..

小孩紧紧抱住妈妈的手。

7.illness

例如:Shediedafteralongillness.

她长期生病之后去世了。

指由细菌感染引起的疾病,可能导致(illness)

例如:Thebusinessofdoctorsispreventandcurediseases.

医生的职责是预防和治疗疾病。

8.enter

【用法】vt.进入一具体场所,一个阶段或时代,参加某一组织或记入帐中

例1:Thestudentsenteredtheschoolthroughtheeastdoorway.

学生们由东门进入学校。

例2:Chinawillenteranewstageofanall-rounddevelopment.

中国将进入一个全面发展的新阶段。

enterinto多用于抽象或借喻场合表示开始(谈话、讨论),达成(协议)或讨论(细节)等enter为不及物动词

例1:Thecountryenteredintoastateofwar.

这个国家进入了战争状态。

例2:Theyenteredintoalongdiscussion.

二、重要词组

1.cometrue

cometrue实现come为连系动词

例如:Hisdreamofbecomingamusicianhasbecometrue..

他想成为音乐家的愿望实现了。

realize和cometrue意思相同,但用法上略有不同cometrue常用主动式而realize则用被动形式。

例1:Allhisdreamshavebecometrue.

他实现了所有的梦想。

例2Allhisdreamshavebeenrealized.

2.preventsb./sthfromdoingsth.

preventsb./sthfromdoingsth阻止某人或某物做某事

例1:Theyhavetakensomemeasurestopreventthefactory(from)pollutingtheriver.

他们已采措施以阻止这家工厂污染河水。

在主动语态中可保留,from也可以省略。

例2:Wewerepreventedfromgoingtothecinemabytheheavyrain.

大雨防碍了学生去看展览(在被动语态中from要保留,不能省略)。

1)keepsb./sthfromdoingsth阻止某人(某物)做某事

例如:Nothingeverkepthimfromcompletingthejob.

什么也不能阻止他完成工作。

2)stopsb./sthfromdoingsth阻止某人(某物)做某事

例如:Wemuststoptheseboysfrommakingtrouble.

我们必须防止这些男孩们捣乱。

3.fallover

fallover跌倒,摔倒

例1:Shefelloverandbrokeherarm.

她跌倒后摔折了胳臂。

例2:Thehunterfiredandthetigerfellover,dead.

猎手开枪射击,那只老虎倒地身亡。

1)falloveroneselftodosth.想方设法做某事

例如:Peoplewerefallingoverthemselvestogetgoodjobs.

人们想方设法去获得一个好工作。

2)falloff落下,掉下fallinto掉入,掉进

fallon/upon降临fallbehind落后

3)fallasleep睡着了fallill生病

fallsilent安静

4)fallintopieces摔成碎块fallinlovewithsb.爱上某人

4.endup(with)

endup(with)以……结束,告终

例如:Thepartyendedupwithanoldsong.

晚会在一首老歌中结束。

1)bringsthcome/drawtoanend结束终止endtoend首尾相连成一行

makebothendsmeet使收支相抵putanendtosth终止或废止某事物

adeadend陷入僵局burnthecandleatbothends操劳过度

2)begin(with)以……开始

例如:Let’sbeginwithABC.

让我们从头开始吧。

3.)start(with)以……开始

例如:Ourmeetingstartedwithapoem.

我们的班会是以一首诗歌引入的。

5.referto

referto所指;提到,说到

例如:WhenIsaidsomepeoplewerestupid,Iwasn’treferringtoyou.

我说有些人很愚蠢,但并不是指你。

1)referto查询

例如:Ifyoudon’tknowtheword,refertothedictionary

你若不知道这个词义,请查阅字典。

2)referto送交,提交

例如:Theyhadtoreferthepatienttoaspecialistfortreatment.

他们只得把病人交给专家治疗。

3)refersth.backtosb.将某物退还给某人。

例如:Tooursurprise,hereferredtheinvitationbacktous.

使我们奇怪的是,他把请柬退给了我们

4)referto提及,涉及和是同义词

例如:Didyouhearmynamementioned/referredtoatthemeeting

会上有人提起我吗?

5)referencebook参考书、工具书

referencemarks参考符号

6.aswellas

aswellas.也,还,而且

例如:Hegrowsflowersaswellasvegetables.

他既种菜也种花。

例如:Sheisatalentedmusicianaswellasaphotographer.

他不但是个摄影师还是个天才音乐家。

1)aswellas用于连接两个主语时,谓语动词的数应和前面的主语一致。

例如:MrGreenaswellashiswifeandtwochildreniscomingtoChinaforavisitnextmonth.

下个月史密斯将携夫人和孩子到中国来参观。

注意:句子谓语与第一个as前的主语一致。

2)aswell用于句末,含义为“也,还”

例如:Areyoucomingaswell

你也来吗?

3)might/mayaswell或justaswell意为倒也不错,也相宜

例1:Sincenobodyelsewantsthejob,wemightaswelllethimhaveit.

既然谁也不要这份工作,咱们不妨让他去做吧。

例2:Iwouldbejustaswelltophoneandsaywewillbelate.

4)notonly…butalso不但……而且

例如:Notonlytheteacherbutalsothestudentslikethebook(就近原则)

=Thestudentsaswellastheteacherlikethebook.(主谓一致)

学生们和老师一样都喜欢这本书。

7.lookforwardtodoingsth.

lookforwardtodoingsth./sth.盼望,希望,期待(做)某事为介词

例1:I’msomuchlookingforwardtoseeingyousoon.

我非常盼望再见到你。

例2:Allthestudentsarelookingforwardtoalongholidayduringthesummer.

所有的学生都在盼望今年暑假有一个长假。

lookoneself看起来象往常一样(健康)looksbupanddown上下打量某人

lookone’sage看起来与年龄相符lookbackon回顾过去

lookdownupon/on看不起某人lookon旁观

lookintosth调查某事lookout当心

8.makesure

makesure查明,确实,使放心后接介词后接介词短语不定式或从句

例1:Haveyoumadesurewhentheplanetakesoff

例2:Makesuretoclosethedoorwhenyouleave.

你离开的时候一定要关好门。

例3:IhavemadesurethatheisfromHongKong.

我查过了,他确实来自香港。

1)besure必定,的确,诚然

例如:BesuretoringmewhenyougottoShanghai

2)forsure.肯定地,毫无疑问的

例如:Hedoesn’tknowforsurethathisgrandfatherhaspassedaway.

他不能肯定地知道爷爷是否已去世。

1.InalecturehallofauniversityinEnglandsitsaprofessor.

在英国的一个大学里一位教授坐在演讲大厅里。

【解析】这是倒装句,主语是aprofessor,谓语动词是sits,句首的inalecturehallofauniversityinEngland则是地点状语,地点状语置于句首时,常用倒装句。

例1:UnderthebigtreewassittinganoldmanIhadneverseenbefore.

大树底下正坐着一位我从未见过的老人。

例2:Fromthevalleycameanoldmanwithaguninhishand.

从山谷里走出一位老人,手里拿着枪。

2.Notonlydoeshehavetotypeouttheansweronacomputer,buthealsogetsthecomputertotranslateitintowords.

他不仅要把回答打在电脑上,而且还要让电脑把答语转变成声音。

【解析1】notonly…butalso…当notonly位于句首时,notonly部分引起部分倒装

例1:Notonlyistheproblemveryimportant,butalsoitisdifficulttosolve.

这问题不仅重要,而且难以解决。

例2:Notonlycouldhetypebutalsohecouldoperatethecomputer.

他不但会打字而且会操作电脑。

【解析2】以上例句中,Notonly…butalso…连接两个并列分句,前一个分句倒装;如果用来连接两个主语、谓语、宾语、表语时,一般不倒装句子语序,但要注意连接两个主语时,谓语动词在人称和数上应与后面一个主语的人称和数一致。

例1:Notonlyyoubutalsoheiswrong.Notonlyhebutalsoyouarewrong.

你和他都错了(连接主语)

例2:Mr.LicanspeaknotonlyEnglishbutalsoFrench.

李先生不仅能讲英语,而且能讲法语(连接宾语)

例3:Sheisnotonlyclever,butalsokind-hearted.

她不仅聪明,而且善良。(连接表语)

学习倒装句的用法。当谓语的全部或一部分却提到了主语的前面,这种语序叫做“倒装”。倒装的原因,或是语法结构的需要;或是为了强调。

英语中常见的倒装句有下列一些情况:

(1)在以here,there或out,in,up,down,away等副词开头的句子里,以示强调。

例1:HerecomesLucy.露茜来了。

例2:Outrushedtheboys.男孩冲出去了。

例3:Awaywentthechild.那孩子走了。

但主语是人称代词时,主语和谓语的语序不变。

例1:Hereyouare.给你(要的东西)

例2:Awayhewent.他走了。

(2)only所修饰的介词短语,副词或状语从句放在句首时。

例1:OnlythendidItakepityonher.

只有那时我才同情她。

例2:Onlyintheeveningdoestheoldmantakeawalkinthegarden.

只有晚上老人才在花园散步。

例3:Onlywhenyouhavelostsomethingwillyourealizeitsvalue.

东西只有在你失去后才知其珍贵。

(3)含有否定意义的副词或连词放在句首时,常见否定词有:hardly,

never,not,seldom,little,nowhere等否定副词;notonly…butalso,notuntil…,hardly…when…,nosooner…than…,innotime,bynomeans等连词及短语。

例1:Littledidheknowthatthepolicewereafterhim.

他一点也不知道警方在追捕他。

例2:Seldomdoeshegotothemovie.

他很少上电影院。

例3:Notuntilhedieddidtheworldbegintorecognizehistalent.

直到他去世后,世人才认识他的才华。

例4:Nosoonerhadwereachedhomethanitbegantorain.

我们刚一到家天就开始下雨了.

例5:Hardly/Scarcelyhadweenteredtheclassroomwhenthebellrang.

我们刚一到教室铃就响了.

例6:Nowhereelsecanyoufindabetterplacethanhome.

家是最好的去处.

(4)把副词so放在名首时,表示前面所说的内容也适合另一人或物.

例1:Sheisbusydoingherhomework.Soisherbrother.

她忙于做功课,她的弟弟也一样.

例2:Youhaveseenthefilm,SohaveI.

你看过这部电影,我也看过.

(5)把neither/nor否定副词放在句首时,表示前面否定的内容也适用于另一个人或物.

例1:Afterthatweneversawhimagain,nordidwehearfromhim.

那以后我们再没看到他,也未收到他的信.

例2:Icannotswim,neithercanhe.

我不会游泳,他也不会.

例3:IhaveneverbeentotheGreatWall,neitherhasmysister.

我没去过长城,我妹妹也未去过.

(6)为了保持句子平衡或为了强调表语或状语,或使上下文紧密衔接使用倒装句。

例1:Onthegrasslayaboyenjoyingthesunshine.

草地上躺着一个小孩在晒太阳。

例2:Eastofthelakeisasmalltown.

湖以东的地方是一个小镇。

例3:Nearbyweretheboatsinwhichtheycametotheisland.

附近停靠着他们到岛上的船只。

例4:Sofrightenedwasheinthedarknessthathedidn’tdaretomoveaninch.

在黑暗中他如此害怕以致他不敢走动半步。

例5:Childassheis,sheknowsalot.

尽管是个小孩,她却懂得很多。

例6:However/Nomatterhowdifficultthetaskmaybe,wemustfinishitintime.

无论任务多么艰巨,我们得按时完成。

Talkingabouttheweather(谈论天气)

1.It’sabeautifuldaytoday.

今天天气很好。

2.It’sabit…today,isn’tit

有一点……,是不是

3.Hopefullytomorrowwillturnoutfine.

希望明天天气变好.

4.SofarasIknow,tomorrowshouldbefine,too.

据我所知,明天天气会好.

5.Yousaidthatyouhoped…

你说你希望……

6.Ihopsso.Haveagoodday.

我希望如此,祝你愉快,玩得开心。

背景提示:今天有点多风,A和了在聊天,B希望明天天气会变好,因为他要去河边野餐,但据A所知,明天会多云,B问A怎么知道的,A说他听了广播,B想改变计划,但A说多云天野餐并不错,且祝他明天过得愉快,B也希望如此。

A:It’s1today,isn’tit

B:Yesitis.Hopefullytomorrowwill2fine.

A:Whatareyougoingtodo3itwouldbefree.

B:I’mgoingtoapicnicneartheriver.

A:Soundsgood.4,tomorrowshouldbecloudy.

B:Howdoknow

A:Iknewitfromradio.

B:Youmeansthatwe’dchangemyplan.

A:Youneedn’t.Itwillnotrain.Itisnotbadforpicnic.

Ithinkyou’llhaveagoodtimetomorrow.

B:5Thankyou.Bye.

A:Good-Bye.

背景提示:假如某位新生向你了解化学实验的情况,你告诉他,化学实验室就在这幢大楼的三楼,你们每周在那里做一次实验。老师叮嘱你们做实验时要仔细观察,遵守规定;实验结束后应把实验用品放回器皿柜,还要洗手;离开实验室前,须切断电源、关窗、锁门。

A:6whereourchemistrylabis

B:Yes,It’sjust7ofthisbuilding

A:Doyouoftendochemicalexperimentsthere

B:Yes,wedoit8.

A:Whatdoesyourteacheroftentellyoutodowhenyouaredoinganexperiment

B:Heoftentellsustolookcarefullyandfollowtheinstructions.

A:Whatmustyoudo9yourexperiment

B:Wemustputeverythingbackinthecupboardsand10.

A:Whatelsemustyoudobeforeyouleavethelab

B:Wemustturnofftheelectricity,shutthewindowsandlockthedoor

Ineverknowthatonelittle“I’msorry”couldmeansomuch.Ineverthoughtthatonemomentintimecouldchangetherestofmylife.ButIamgladIfoundout,andI’mgladItoldChristianhowIfelt.

Iwassittinginclassoneday,inGrade9,whenanewkidcamein.HewascalledChristianandhewasshortandthinandworeapairofglasses.Hewalkeduptotheteacherandtoldher,veryshyly,thathewasnew.Theteacherpointedtotheemptydesknexttome,Hesatdown,lookedbrieflyatme,andthenlookedaway.Ididn’tthinkhewasverynice,anddefinitely(肯定)notthetypeIwouldliketobecomefriendswith.

Overtheyear,Iseldomtalkedtohim,buthesmiledatmethenoureyesmet,alwaysshyly.Heneverhadlunchwithanybody,andhenevertalkedtoanybodybutme.

ButonedayIjoinedtheunkindkidswhowereteasing(取笑)him.Wemadefunofhimalthoughinmyminditwaswrong.

“Haven’tyougotanyfriends”akidaskedChristianwhohadwalkedpastusalone,headdown.

“No,hehasn’tgotanyfriends.He’stoostupidandtimid(胆怯),”Isaid.

ThenChristianlookedupatmewiththesaddestdogeyes(忧伤的眼神)Ihadeverseen.Myheartsank.Icouldn’tstandit.

Thatnight,Icouldn’tsleepbecauseIcouldn’tgetChristian’sfaceoutofmymind.Intheweeksthatfollowed,henevermetmyglancesinclassandneversmiledatme.

Itwasreallyhardformetodecidetowritehimanoteaskinghimtoforgive(原谅)me.IknewIhadtobecauseIcouldn’ttaketheguilt(内疚)andsadnessthatIfelteverytimeIsawhim.

Thenextdayinclass,IwrotehimanoteapologizingandtellinghimexactlyhowbadIfelt.Aboutfiveminuteslater,Iturnedandsawtearsinhiseyes.LaterhetoldmethatIwouldneverrealizehowmuchmyapologyhadmeanttohim.Hesaidhehopedthatwecouldbecomefriends.

WehadlunchtogetherthatnoonandwehadthebestconversationIhadeverhad.Overtheyearsathighschool,webecameclosefriends.

WhenIthinkback,Irealizethat,ifIhadnotapologized,IwouldneverhaveknownwhatalovelypersonChristianwas.Iwouldneverhavehadsuchagoodfriend.

Notes:definitely肯定地,tease取笑,timid胆怯,dogeyes忧伤的眼神,forgive原谅,guilt内疚。

mean意味着,briefly简短的,seldom很少,不常,although尽管,alone孤独,apology道歉,realize意识到,therestof剩余的,findout找到发现,walkupto走近,pointto指向,decideto决定,thinkback回想

2)写作素材积累

1)表举例的词组:forexample,suchas,take…forexample,like,as,andsoon..

例如.Allmyfriendsarekindtome,Takemaryforexample,whenIwasill,shelookedaftermealldaywithoutmeals.

2)用于结尾的词组:inconclusion,insummary,onaword,inall,finally,intheend.

例如1、inaword,beesaregoodfriendtoourhumanbeing,weshouldprotectthem

例如2、inconclusion,notonlyshouldwejudgeamanbywhathesaid,butalsobywhathedid.

根据提示写一篇记叙文,词数100左右。

你的英语老师刘老师是一位很好的老师,学校黑板报专刊主编请你用英语简单地报道刘老师的教学情况。

1、刘老师工作努力,关心同学,了解同学。

2、他上课生动活泼,精讲多练,鼓励同学,形式多样,总是利用实物、图片、简笔画、录音机、投影仪、动作、手势、表演等进行教学。

3、刘老师的课既生动又容易记,同学们都爱上刘老师的课。

ChristmasDay

Itallbeganabout2,000yearsago.AnangelappearedtoaJewishgirlnamedMaryandgavehergoodnews:Youwillhaveason.HisnamewillbeJesus,theSavior.Whenthebabywasalmostdue,MaryandherfianceJosephwenttotheirhometown,Bethlehem,foracensus.Theonlyplacetheycouldfindtostaywasananimalstable.Therethespecialbabywasborn.

Angelsannouncedthejoyfulnewstosomeshepherds.Theylefttheirsheepandhurriedtoseethebaby.Sometimelater,wisemenfromtheEastsawanunusualstar.Theyknewsomeonegreathadbeenborn.ThestarledthemtoBethlehem.WhentheyfoundthechildJesus,theyofferedhimgiftsfitforaking.

ThecelebrationofthisspecialbirthcametobecalledChristmas.Throughtheages,peopledevelopedmanyChristmastraditions.ThecustomofdecoratingChristmastreesbegancenturiesago.Peopleinmanyancientculturesdecoratedhomeswithtreesandgreeneryinwinter.IntheMiddleAges,ChristiansinEuropeaddedlightsandreligious.DespitethehustleandbustleoftheChristmasRush,mostAmericansfeelChristmasisthemostwonderfultimeoftheyear.It'satimeofexcitement,atimeofjoy,atimetoshowloveinspecialways.Bestofall,ChristmasisnotjustforAmericans.Christmasisforeverybodyintheworld.ChristmasisthecelebrationofGod'sgifttotheworld-Jesus.symbolstoevergreenstomakeChristmastrees.SantaClaushasbecomeoneofthemostfamousChristmasfigures,particularlyinAmerica.HislegendstartedwithakindbishopnamedSt.Nicholaswholivedaround300A.D.andwasknownforhisgenerosity.ThepracticeofgivingChristmasgiftscomesfromthegiftsofferedtothechildJesusbythewisemenoftheEast.ThestarontopoftheChristmastreesymbolizesthestarthatledthewisementoJesus

.SometimesChristmascanbecomejustaritual.ManyAmericansseeChristmasasjustatimeforshoppingfortheperfectgift.AdvertisersandbusinessesbeginpromotingChristmasearliereveryyear.StoresremindcustomersofhowmanyshoppingdaysareleftuntilChristmas.It'salmostamodernChristmascustomtospendtoomuchmoney!Creditcarddebtsoftentakemonthstopayoff.Evenchildrencanbecomematerialistic.TheythinkonlyofwhattheywillgetfromSantaClaus.

圣诞节这一切大约是在两千年前开始的,一位天使向一位叫马利亚的犹太女孩显现,并且告诉她好消息:“你将怀孕生子,给他起名叫耶稣,就是救世主。”当马利亚的产期近了的时候,马利亚和的未婚夫约瑟因户口调查的缘故回到家乡伯利恒城。他们所找到唯一能够落脚的地方是一个动物住的地方。这位特别的婴孩就在那里出生。

天使对一些牧羊人报告这个大喜的讯息。他们便丢下自己的羊赶去看这位婴孩。不久之后,东方的博士看见一颗很不寻常的星星,他们知道某位伟人诞生了。这颗星将他们引导到伯利恒,当他们找到了孩童耶稣时,他们献上了适合国王身份的礼物。为这个特别诞生所做的庆祝被称为圣诞节。经过这些年,人们发展出了许多圣诞节的传统,装饰圣诞树的习俗在数百年前开始。在许多古老文化中,人们在冬天利用树和绿叶植物装饰自己的家。在中世纪,欧洲的基督徒在万年青上面加上灯光和宗教象征物成为圣诞树。圣诞老公公已经成了最有名的圣诞节人物之一,尤其是在美国。他的传说始自纪元前三百年左右,一个叫做圣尼古拉斯的仁慈主教,他以慷慨仁慈而出名。而在圣诞节送礼物的习惯则是始自那些由东方而来的博士将礼物送给耶稣。圣诞树顶上的星星象征着那颗引导博士找到耶稣的星星。

SpacewomanStuckinOrbitwithTooMuch

PeggyWhitson,theAmericanastronautspendingher130thdayinspace,saidonSundaythatshewashappyinorbit,butmaybeshebroughtalongtoomuchshrimp.

Sometimes,whenyoucometospace,yourtasteschange.Oneofmyfavoritefoodsonthegroundisshrimp,anduphereIcan'tstandit,"saidWhitson,thescienceofficerontheInternationalSpaceStation.Aquickcheckofthestation'smanifestshowedthatWhitsonhadplannedmorethan40shrimpmealsforherstay."Theguyslikeitbecausetheygetallmyshrimp,"shesaid,referringtohertwoRussiancrewmates,ValeryKorzunandSergeiTreshcvev.

Thethreemembersofthespacestation'sExpeditionFiveteamheldajointnewsconferencewiththesixastronautsfromthespaceshuttleAtlantisonSunday."I'mhavingagreattimeuphere.It'sfuntolivehereanddothescience,"saidWhitson,abiochemistconductingandmonitoringdozensofstudiesonthestation.WhensomeoneaskedaboutherplansforChristmas,Whitsonsaid"It'shardtoimaginebeingbackhomebecauseIguessIfeellikethisismyhomerightnow.Idon'thavemyhusband,butotherthanthat,thisismyhome."Whitson,duetoreturntoEarthwithKorzunandTreschevaboardaU.S.shuttleinNovember,saidsomechangesinspacetakemoregettingusedtothanothers.Salsacanusuallyovercomespaceblandness."Wecouldprobablyeatpaperifwehaditwithsalsa,"shesaid.

Butcallusesareanothermatter.Inweightlessness,sheneveractuallystands,butdoesswayaboutwithherfeetinfootrestraints."Itwasreallyinterestingtometolosethecallusesfromthebottomofyourfeetandtogetcallusesonthetopofyourfeetafterbeinguphereforafewmonths,"shesaid.

太空生活苦也甜且听女宇航员道来

到2002年10月13日为止,美国女宇航员佩吉·惠特森已经在太空度过了漫长的130天。她对自己的太空生活感到愉快而满意,如果真的要问有什么麻烦的话,也许是她带上了太多的虾到太空来。

这位国际空间站的女科学家说:"也许人到了太空里,口味就会发生变化。虾是我在地面上最喜欢吃的食物之一,但到了这儿,我却再也受不了了。"从空间站的物品清单中可以看出,佩吉为她的太空之行一共准备了40顿"虾餐"。在空间站的还有惠特森的同伴,俄罗斯宇航员瓦莱里·科尔尊和谢尔盖。她说:"他们都很爱吃,因为我带来的虾都用来犒劳他们了。"

空间站五人探索小组的这三位成员携同亚特兰提斯号太空梭上的其他六位成员召开了一个新闻发布会。作为在空间站监管并进行着许多研究的生物化学家,惠特森说:"我在这里过的很好。不论是生活还是搞研究都充满了乐趣。"当被问到圣诞节怎么过时,惠特森说"很难想象回到地球的情景,因为我已经把这儿当成了我自己的家,除了我丈夫不在我身边,这里跟家没有什么区别。"按照计划,惠特森、科尔尊和谢尔盖将于11月乘坐一艘美国太空梭返回地球。她表示,自己付出了更多的努力来适应太空中的变化。太空的食物总是平淡无味,还好有辣味番茄酱来帮忙。惠特森说:"如果蘸上辣味番茄酱,我们甚至可以把纸也吞下去。"

可足茧问题就没那么容易克服了。由于失重,宇航员在太空不能进行真正意义上的站立,而只能靠在脚部固定装置里移动脚来四处"游走"。佩吉说:"在这里呆上几个月,脚底的老茧都不见了,他们全部都长到了脚背上,这对我来说实在是有趣之极。"

1.Thebadweatherthemgoingoutforapicnic.

A.persuadedB.forbadeC.preventedD.kept

2.Thesportsmeettobeagreatsuccess.

AturnedupB.turnedoutC.turnedonD.turndown

3.Hiswishtobecomeadoctorhas.

A.beencometrueB.realizedC.cometrueD.beenrealizing

4.,thebuildinggaveusadeepimpression.

A.DesigningbeautifullyB.Beautifullydesigned

C.DesignedbeautifullyD.Beautifullydesigning

5.Thankyouforthetroubleyou’vetakenforme.

—.

A.Itdoesn’tmatterB.It’snothing

C.MypleasureD.I’mpleased

6.—Tomhaspassedtheexam.

—Soandso.

A.ishe;ishisbrotherB.hehas;hisbrotherhas

C.hashe;hashisbrotherD.hehas;hashisbrother

7.Theyarelookingforwardtotothelecturebythefamousprofessor.

A.SendB.besentC.beingsentD.sending

8.Iknow,hepromisestobeasuccessfulwriter.

A.AslongasB.SofarasC.SincethatD.Eventhough

9.Smokingdoesgreatharmtoourhealth.Atnotimeinpublicplaces.

A.smokingispermittedB.issmokingpermitted

C.doessmokingpermitD.anyonewillbepermittedsmoking

0.YouhavenoreasontofeelproudyoudoverywellinEnglish.

A.asthoughB.asifC.sincethatD.eventhough

11.—WhereisJane

—Sheisnothere.I’msorryIforgotallabouther.

A.telephoningB.totelephone

C.totelephonetoD.havingtelephoned

12.Youwilloneminutetodecidewhichanswer.

A.give,bechosenB.begiven,bechosen

C.give,chooseD.begiven,tochoose

13.-—Wouldyoujoinustomorrow

—,butIhaveameetingtoattend.

A.wouldloveB.wouldloveto

C.wouldlovetoitD.wouldloveso

14.Out,withastickinhishand.

A.didherushB.rushedheC.herushedD.hedidrush

15.IsawJanecomingintotheofficeandeagertostartwork.

A.lookB.tolookC.lookingD.looked

阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从1-20各题所给的四个选项中,选出一个最佳选项。

WhowontheWorldCup1994footballgameWhathappenedattheUnitedNationsHowdidthecriticslikethenewplay1ameventtakesplace,newspapersareonthestreets2thedetails.Whereveranythinghappensintheworld,reportsareonthespotto3thenews.

1.A.JustwhenB.WhileC.SoonafterD.Before

2.A.togiveB.givingC.givenD.beinggiven

3.A.gatherB.spreadC.carryD.bring

4.A.reasonB.causeC.problemD.purpose

5.A.makeB.publishC.knowD.write

6.A.anotherB.otherC.oneanotherD.theother

7.A.HoweverB.AndC.ThereforeD.So

8.A.valieB.ratioC.rateD.speed

9.A.spreadB.passedC.printedD.completed

10.A.informB.beinformedC.tobeinformedD.informed

11.A.entertainB.encourageC.educateD.edit

12.A.onB.throughC.withD.of

13.A.formsB.existenceC.contentsD.purpose

14.A.triestocoverB.managestocoverC.failstocoverD.succeedincovering

15.A.sourceB.originC.courseD.finance

16.A.wayB.meansC.chanceD.success

17.A.measuresB.measuredC.ismeasuredD.wasmeasured

18.A.somewhatB.littleC.muchD.something

19.A.offeringB.offeredC.whichofferedD.tobeoffered

20.A.byB.withC.atD.about

Theonlywayyoucanbecomeagoodreaderisthroughpractice.YoucannotreadafewlinesinyourEnglishbookonceaweekandbecomeagoodreader.Youneedtoreadeveryday.Youshouldalwayscarrysomethingtoreadwithyou.

Whenyoubegintoread,youshouldaskyourselfaquestion:WhyamIreadingIfyouarereadingtopracticeyourEnglish,

youwillreadinacertainway.Youwillreadslowlyandconcentrateonthegrammaticalstructures.Ifyouarereadingforinformationaboutaparticularsubject,youwillreadinanotherway.Youwillconcentrateonmainpartsandsupportingfacts.

Youusethegrammarofthepassageasameans,notanend.ReadingtoPracticeEnglish.Inamiddleschoolyoudidnotreadtolearnaboutparticularsubject;forexample,youdidnotreadEnglishtolearnhowasentencewasputtogether,howtheverbagreedwiththesubject,etc.ButthisisnotthewayyoushouldreadfortheSupplementaryReading(补充阅读).

Readingforinformationisthekindofreadingyoudoinyourownlanguage.Youdonotstopanalyze(分析)thegrammaticalstructureswhenyoupickupabookwritteninyournativelanguage.Youunderstandstructureswithoutthinkingaboutthem.Theyaresecondnaturetoyou.

NowyoumustdevelopthisskillinEnglish.Youmustlearntoreadmeaning.TheSupplementaryReadingmeasureshowwellyouunderstandthemeaningofapassage.Itmeasuresyourabilitytounderstandthemainideaandthesupportingfacts.Itmeasuresyourabilitytoread“Betweenlines”.ItmeasuresyourabilitytodothisatthespeedsrequiredbytheMiddleSchoolEnglishSyllabus(中学英语教学大纲).

1.Thewriterbelievesthattobecomeagoodreaderoneneedsto.

A.havemanyEnglishbooksB.practicereadingeveryday

C.understandgrammaticalstructures

D.readafewlinesinone’sEnglishbookonceaweek

2.InreadingtopracticeEnglish,studentsconcentratetheirattentionon.

A.grammaticalstructuresB.importantwords

C.supportingfactsD,mainideas

3.Inreadingforinformation.

A.grammarisofnouseB.supportingfactsareunnecessary

C.onehastostoptoanalyzestructuresnowandthen

D.onetriestounderstandmainpartsandsupportingfacts

4.WorkingattheSupplementaryReading,readersarerequireto.

A.translatethepassageintotheirownlanguage

B.understandthemeaningofthepassage

C.learnwhetherthemeaningofthepassage

D.learnhowasentenceismade

5.Developingreadingskillswill.

A.makeareadinghabitB.helpspeakEnglish

C.improveyourabilitytogetinformation

D.imprOneofthedifficultiesincarryingoutaworld-widebirthcontrolprogramliesinthefactthatofficialattitudestopopulationgrowthvary(相异)fromcountrytocountrydependingontheavailability(有效)offoodandrawmaterials.Inthedevelopingcountrywhereavastlyexpandedpopulationispressingharduponthelimitsoffood,spaceandnaturalresources,itwillbethefirstconcernofgovernmenttoplacealimitonthebirthrate,whatevertheconsequences(结果)moveyourabilitytoanalyzegrammatical

Theadvantagesanddisadvantagesofalargepopulationhavelongbeenasubjectofdiscussionamongeconomists.Ithasbeenarguedthatthesupplyofgoodlandislimited.Tofeedalargepopulation,inferior(劣等的)landmustbecultivatedandthegoodlandworkedintensively.

Thus,eachpersonproduceslessandthismeansaloweraverageincomethancouldbeobtainedwithasmallerpopulation.Othereconomistshavearguedthatalargepopulationgivesmorescope(范围)forspecializationandthedevelopmentoffacilities(设施)suchasports,roadsandrailways,whicharenotlikelytobebuiltunlessthereisabigdemandtojustifythem.

aybe.Inthehighlyindustrializedsocietytheproblemmaybemorecomplex(复杂).Adecreasingbirthratemayleadtounemploymentbecauseitresultsinadecliningmarketformanufacturedgoods.Whenthepressureofpopulationonhousingdeclines(降低),pricesalsodeclineandthebuildingindustryisweakened.Facedwithconsiderationssuchasthese,thegovernmentofadevelopedcountrymaywellprefertoseeaslowlyincreasingpopulation,ratherthanonewhichisstable(稳定)orindecline(下降).

6.Asmallpopulationmaymean.

A.higherproductivity,butaloweraverageincome

B.lowerproductivity,butahigheraverageincome

C.lowerproductivity,andaloweraverageincome

D.higherproductivity,andahigheraverageincome

7.Accordingtothepassage,alargepopulationwillprovideachancefordeveloping.

A.agricultureB.transportsystem

C.industryD.nationaleconomy

8.Inadevelopedcountry,peoplewillperhapsgooutofworkifthebirthrate.

A.goesupB.isdecreasingC.remainsstableD.isoutofcontrol

9.Accordingtothepassageslowlyrisingbirthrateperhapsisgoodfor.

A.adevelopingnationB.adevelopednation

C.everynationwithabigpopulation

D.everynationwithasmallnation

10.Itisnoeasyjobtocarryoutageneralplanforbirthcontrolthroughouttheworldbecause.

A.theretoomanyunderdevelopedcountriesintheworld

B.underdevelopedcountrieshavelowlevelofindustrialdevelopment.

C.differentgovernmentshavedifferentviewsofthequestion

D.evendevelopedcountriesmayhavecomplexproblems.

Midaswasapowerfulking,bothrichandgreedy.OncehedidagreatfavorforBacchus,thegodofwine.BacchusofferedMidashischoiceofareward.Midasansweredatonce.Heaskedthatwhateverhetouchedbeturnedintogold.Bacchusagreed,thoughhewassorrythatMidashadnotmadeawiserchoice.

Midaswaseagertoputhisnewlygamedpowertothetest.Hepulledabranchfromatree.

Thebranchbecamegoldinhishand.Hepickedupastone;itturnedtogoldHetouchedthegrass.It,too,turnedtogold.

Midaswasoverjoyed.Returninghome,heorderedhisservantstoprepareamagnificentmeal.Butwhenhepickedupsomebread,itruinedtogold.Heliftedaglassofwinetohislips,butbeforehecouldtasteit,itturnedtogold.

Midaswishedtofreehimselfofhispower.Hehatedthegifthehadsorecentlyhopedfor.HeraisedhisarmsandbeggedandprayedforBacchustotakeawayhisdeadlygift.

Bacchusshowedpity.”Go,”hesaid,”totheRiverPactolus.Theredipyourselfin.Washawayyourgreedanditspunishment!”

Midasdidso.Hardlyhadhetouchedthewaters,whenthegoldmakingpowerspassedintothem.Theriversandschangedintogold.Andtheyremaingoldentothisday.

11.Whatisthemoral(寓意)ofthisstory

A.Thereismoretolifethanriches.

B.Goldismoreimportantthanfood.

C.Youcan’ttrustyourfriends.

D.Youmustmakeawiserchoice

12.Wheneverythinghetouchedturnedtogold,Midasfelt.

A.happyandjoyfulB.sadanddisappointed

C.excitedandangryD.powerfulandsatisfied

13.WhatwasMidas’wishafterhecouldhavenothingtoeat

A.Tohaveabigmeal.B.Togainpowertoturnthingstogold.

B.Tohavehispowertakenaway.D.Towashhimselfinthewater

14.Theclimax(高潮)ofthestoryisthemomentwhen.

A.MidasdidafavorforBacchus

B.Midasrealizedthathehadmadeamistake

C.Midasturnedeverythingtogold

D.Midaslosthispower

15.Todaywhenwesaythatapersonhasthe“MidasTouch”,wemeanthat.

A.thepersonisverypoor

B.goldisthemostimportantthingtothatperson

C.everythingthatthepersontouchesmakesmoney

D.thepersonhasthepowertodoeverything

RaisingpetsisnotanewthinginChina,butrecentlyithastakenonanewmeaning.

AfamousChinesesaying,”wanwusangzhi”hasitthatridingahobbydestroysone’swilltomakeprogress.Thesayinghadbeensopopularthateventodaymanypeoplestillconsiderraisingpetsasahobbyoftheidle(游手好闲者).

Thingshavechangedmuchrecentlyandnowraisingpetshasbecomeapopularpastime,resultinginasuccessfulpetcareindustry.

Petfoodissoldinalmostallsupermarketsandmanyspecialstoresforpetneedshavebeenestablished.Animalhospitalsprovidevariousmedicalservicesforsickdogsandcats,andpetexchangefairsareheldregularly.

AttheChinaInternationalPetShowwhichtookplacerecentlyinBeijing,morethan100factoriesfromacrossthecountryexhibitedtheirproducts,Thousandsofdealersandpetownerswenttotheshow.

“People’sswollenpocketsmakeitpossibleformanytoraisepets,ahobbythatusedtobeenjoyedonlybythewealthy,”saidWangWei,whoworkswiththeNationalKennelAssociationofChina.

WangYuyan,vicepresidentoftheSmallAnimalsProtectionAssociation,agrees.“Inmanyfilmsandnovels,havingapetisusedasasymbolofwealth.That’snotacompletepicture.”Wangaddedthatpetsarefriendsintherealsenseoftheword,notjustplaythings.

“Anyonewithalovingnaturecanraisepets.”Still,thehighcostofkeepingapetissomethingmanypeoplehavetothinkabout.

“Ilikedogsandcats,ButIhaveneithertimenormoneytoraisethem,”saidLiJun,inher40’s,acivilservantfromBeijing.

ThecostofraisingadogishighinBeijing,whereregistration(登记)isamustforalldogsandcosts5,000yuanforeachanimal.Inaddition,petownersmustpayforregularinjectionofvaccines(疫苗).Mostofall,dogfoodisquiteexpensive.

Unlikehismother,LiJun’s10-year-oldson,LiQiyu,dreamsofthedayhewillhavehisownpet.“IhopeIcanhaveadoginmyhouse,”hesaid.

16.ThefamousChinesesayinginthispassagemeans.

A.Chinesepeoplehaven’tanyhobbies

B.SmallanimalsareenemiestotheChinesepeople

C.Raisingpetswaspopularinpoorfamilies

D.Raisingpetshasnothingtodowithhard-workingpeopleinChina

17.Thingshavechangedmuchrecently,because.

A.peoplehaveallbecomekind-hearted

B.smallanimalshavenoplacestolivein

C.people’slivingconditionisimproving

D.moreandmorepeopleareoutofwork

18.InbigcitiesinChinatoday,raisingpets.

A.haschangedpeople’slifeB.hasdestroyedsomefamilies

C.hasmetmuchdifficultyD.hasbroughtmuchbusinessforsomepeople

OFFICIALSinchargeofChina’sspaceprogramarereportedlysteppingupthetrainingofastronautsfortravelinspace.Twoorthreeareexpectedtoformthecountry’sfirstgroupinouterspace.

Alarge“aerospace(航空航天)city”intheBeijingsuburb(郊区)isbeingusedforthepurpose.Thecomplex(综合体)issupposedtobetheworld’sthirdlargestcenterfortraininghumansforouterspace.

AccordingtothePeople’sDaily,thepreparationsreallybeganseveralyearsago,in1996,whentwoChineseastronautsweresenttoMoscowfortraining.

Today,thegroupinraininghasgrowntoseveralpilots,eachwithmorethan1,000hoursofflighttime.

Thespaceresearchandtestingequipment,whichwasbuiltaboutsixyearsago,istestingalargespacecraft.Ithas10majorlaboratoriesandwasthebirthplaceoftheShenzhou-classspaceship.

Thecenterisactuallyengaged(从事)overallina“sustainable(能保持一定速度的)spaceflight”programme.Oneofitsmajorpiecesofequipmentistheworld’sfifthlargestvacuumchamber(真空室),usedtotesttheflight-worthinessofShenzhouvehicles(运载火箭).

19.Itisreportedthat.

A.Chinaispreparingsomeastronautsfortravelinspace.

B.ChinaisbuildingupacomplexinBeijingsuburb.

C.Chinahassetuptheworld’s3rdlargestspacestation.

D.Chinaisoneofthefewcountriesthataregoingtosendastronautstoouterspace.

20.Accordingtothepassage.

A.itwasin1996thattheChinesebegantostudyouterspace.

B.theastronautsbeingtrainedarequiteexperiencedpilots.

C.everyastronautmustbeamasterofmathematicsphysics,engineeringandbiology.

D.eachastronautwillbetrainedinMoscowbeforegoingtouterspace.

Aimportantquestionabouteatingoutiswhopays1.

forthemeal.Ifafriendofyourssuggestyouhave2.

lunchwithhim,youmightsimplesaysomethinglikethis,3.

“I’mafraidit’llhavetobesomeplaceinexpensive4.___

asIhaveveryalittlemoney.Theotherpersonmaysay,“Ok5.____

I’llmeetyouatMcDonald’s.”Thatmeansitisagreethat6.__

twowillgoDutch,thatis,eachpersonpaysforhimself7.___

Hemayalsosay,“Oh,no,Iwantttakeyouforlunchat8.___

Johnson’s,”and“Iwantyoutotrythesteakthere.It’sgreat.”9.___

Thismeansthepersonwhointendstopaythebillforbothofyou.

Ifyoureceivethisinvitation,youmaysay,“Thankyou.”10.__

Unit21Music

familiaradj熟悉的

hammern.锤子、锣锤

Ironvt.熨烫

otherwiseadv.要不然

rootn.根源、起源

tinn.铁、熨头.罐头、听头

folkadj民间的

thoughtn.思考、思想

marryvi.&.vi使成婚、结婚

performvt.表演

chimen.(乐器发生的)谐和的声音

whispervi.&.vi低语、私下说

instrumentn.乐器

gayn愉快、快乐adj愉快地

singleadj单个、单一的

violinn.小提琴

weddingn.婚礼、结婚

generationn代、一代

nowadaysadv.当今、现在

musicaladj音乐的n.音乐片

heron.英雄、勇士

befamiliarwith

熟悉

learn…byheart

记住

preferto

喜欢干……

inpraiseof

称赞、歌颂

aswell

playapartin

在……中起作用

one…theother

一个……另一个

writedown

记下

startwith

以…开始

haveone’srootin

起源于

earnone’sliving

谋生

makeoutof

由……制成

passdown

传递、传下去

ringout

响起

ironboard

烫衣板

getmarried

结婚

atatime

每一次

1.familiar

【用法一】adj熟悉的,常见/听到的;过分亲密的,亲呢的,随便的

例1:afamiliarvoice/face

一个熟悉的声音/一张熟悉的面孔

例2:thefamiliarscenesofone’schildhood

儿时常见的情景。

例3:Thechildrenaretoofamiliarwiththeirteacher.

这帮小学生对老师过于随便。

1)befamiliarwith熟悉,精通,以人作主语,宾语是人或事物,

例如:Everyschoolboyisfamiliarwiththesefacts.

每个学童都熟知这些事实。

2)befamiliarto为(某人)所熟知,以事作主语,宾语是人。

例如:Thisnameisfamiliartousall.

这个名字是我们大家都熟知的。

相比较:Weareallfamiliarwiththisname.

我们都很熟悉这个名字。

3)familiar作“熟悉的”解时,其反义词为strange(陌生的)。试比较:

例1:Thenamesoundsfamiliartome.

这名字我听起来很熟。

例2:Sheismovingtoastrangeplace.

她要搬到一个陌生的地方去。

2.otherwise

【用法一】conj.否则,要不然,同or

例如:Iamtired,otherwiseIwouldgowithyou.

我累了,不然我会跟你一起去了。

【用法二】adv.在其他方面,除此以外。

例如:Therentishigh,butotherwisethehouseisfine.

租金贵是贵,但房子还是很好。

1)otherwise和or(else)(orelse表示强调)都可作“否则,要不然”解,有时可以通用,但or多用于祈使句。

例如:Hurryup,or/otherwiseyou’llmissthetrain.

快点,要不然你会赶不上火车的。

2)在表示“威胁”时,多用or

例如:Givemeyourmoney,orI’llkillyou!

把钱给我,否则我杀了你。

3.folk

【用法一】adj民间的

例如:1)folkmusic/dance/art民间音乐/民间舞蹈/民间艺术

2)afolksinger/concert民间歌手/民间音乐会

【用法二】n.平民百姓或人们

例如:Theyarejustsimplecountryfolk.

他们不过是普通的村民。

【用法三】folks复数形式常用来指(父母)双亲,亲属或朋友(尤用作友好的称呼)等

例如:I’dlikeyoutomeetmyfolks.

我想要你见见我的父母。

4.root.

例如:Moneyisoftensaidtobetherootofallevil.

人们常说金钱是万恶之源。

【用法二】n.植物的根部,也可指(毛发、牙齿、指甲或舌头等的)根部。

例如:Thehurricanepulledmanytreesbytheroots.

飓风把许多树木连根拔起。

【用法三】复数roots常可用来“家族的根,祖籍”。

例如:ManyAmericanshaverootsinEurope.

许多美国人祖籍在欧洲。

【用法四】v.意为(植物)生根成长,使(某人)站立不动(尤用于被动语态),(思想、习惯等)深深扎根等。

例如:Doesthisplantrooteasily

这种植物容易生根吗?

5.part

【用法】v.分手,离别;使分成部分,使散开

例1:Theypartedsadlyatthestation.

他们在火车站伤心地分了手。

例2:Thecloudspartedandthesunshone.

云层散开,阳光普照。

1)partasfriends友好地分手

例如:Ihopewecanpart(as)friends.

希望我们分手了还是朋友。

2)partwith舍弃,放弃

例如:It’snoteasytopartwithone’sfavoritethings.

舍弃自己喜爱的东西是不容易的。

3)partfrom与…分手/离别

例如:Ipartedfrommybrotherintherailwaystationjustnow.

我刚与我弟弟在火车站分别。

6.whisper

【用法一】vt.低语;(私下)传说,秘密流传(常用于被动语态)

例1:Hewhisperedthenewstome.

他悄悄告诉了我这个消息。

例2:Itiswhisperedthathehascancer.

传闻他身患癌症。

【用法二】vi.窃窃私语,私下说;呼呼风声,(树叶)沙沙作响

例1:Thechildrenarewhisperinginthecorner.

孩子们在角落里窃窃私语。

例2:Theleaveswhisperedinthebreeze.

树叶迎着微风沙沙作响。

【用法三】n.低语,传闻,沙沙声。

例如:Shesaiditinawhisper,soIcouldn’thear.

这是她悄声说的,所以我没听清说的是什么。

1.wouldrather

wouldrather宁愿,宁可,更愿,还是……为好,表示优先选择的一种很有用的形式,其否定形式是wouldrathernot/never.注意,所有的人称都一律用wouldrather.

例如:—Wouldyoulikesomecoffee

—I’dratherhavesometea.

要不要来点咖啡?

我还是喝茶吧。

1)如果表示在两者中进行选择取舍,表示“宁愿……而不愿……”时,则可用wouldrather…than…这一句型。用这一表达方式时要注意“平行结构”,即在than的前后要用两个同类的词或词组,如两个名词、两个动词、两个介词短语等。

例如:MarywouldrathergoshoppingthanwatchTVathome.

玛丽宁愿逛街,不愿待在家里看电视。

2)wouldrather+that(从句),从句用过去时态,表示一个人宁愿另一个人做某事。

例如:I’dratheryouwenthomenow.

我愿你现在就回家。

3)表示“宁愿干某事”时还可以用wouldprefertodosth.这一结构,它和wouldrather+动词原形表示同样的意义,其否定式是表示“宁愿……而不愿……”时,用wouldprefertodo…ratherthando…;表示“宁愿某人干某事”时,用wouldprefersb.todo

例1:She’dprefernottolivewithherparents.

她不愿跟父母住在一起。

例2:I’dprefertoreadratherthansitidly.

我宁愿看看书,不愿闲坐着。

2.learn…byheart

learn…byheart作记住,能背出解

例如:Theteachertoldustolearnthepoembyheart.

老师要我们把这首诗背下来

1)learnfrom向……学习;从……中学习

learnof/about得知,获悉

learnone’slesson(因尝到苦头而)获得教训,学乖

2)learnern.学习者,初学者

例如:I’malearnerofEnglish.

我是一个英语初学者。

3)learnedadj有学问的,博学的,学术性

例如:MrsLiisalearnedprofessor.

黎女士是一个博学的教授.

3.inpraiseof

inpraiseof赞美,歌颂

例如:Sheisworkingonabookinpraiseofcountrylife.

她正在写一本赞美乡间生活的书.

1)singthepraisesofsb./sth高度赞扬或评价

例如:Theleadersanginpraiseofthosewhohaddiedfortheircountry.

领导表彰了为国捐躯的人们.

2)singhighpraisefor高度赞扬,极力赞美

例如:Everyone’ssinginghighpraiseforhisnewfilm,butIdon’tthinkmuchofit.

大家都在对他的新影片大加赞扬,可我却并不觉得怎么样.

3)praisefor因……而称赞/表扬

例如:Thedoctorpraisedherforhercourage.

医生称赞她的勇气.

4)praise…as称赞……是……

例如:Peoplepraisehimasagenius.

人们夸他是天才.

4.atatime

atatime在某一时候,后接的是when引导的定语从句;每次,一次,一下子

例1:Pleasearrangeameetingatatimeofyourconvenience/whenitisconvenientforyou.

请在你方便的时候安排一次会见.

例2:Pleasecomein,oneatatime,notalltogether.

请一个一个地进来,不要一起来。

atatime每次,一次,一下子atthetime当时,那时候

atonetime曾经,一度attimes有时,偶尔

atthesametime同时,然而atalltimes老是,时常

atanytime随时atnotime在任何时候都不,决不

5.passon

passon流传,传给

例1:Pleasereadthenoteandpassiton.

请看完后再传阅这张便条。

例2:Thenewswaspassedonbywordofmouth.

消息通过口头传开了。

1)die的委婉说法,相当于passaway

例如:Theoldmanpassedon/awaypeacefullythenextmorning.

第二天早晨老人安详地去了.

2)passon可作继续下去

例如:Shallwepassontothenextproblem

我们接着谈下一个问题,好吗

6.todanceto

todanceto和着……的节拍跳舞.

例如:Theguestsdancedtothesweetmusic.

客人们随着优美的音乐翩翩起舞.

例如:Wouldyouliketodancewithme

能赏脸与我共舞一曲吗?

2)dancewithsth因某事而手舞足蹈等

例1:Hedancedwith/inpain.

他痛得乱跳.

例2:Thechildrendancedwithjoy.

孩子们高兴得手舞足蹈.

7.ringout

ringout响起,发出声音,指教堂鸣钟辞别

例1:Apistolshotrangout.

响起了手枪的枪声.

例2:Ringouttheoldyearandringinthenewyear.

辞旧岁迎新年

1.IsthathardImean,thejazzviolin.

那很难吗?我是说演奏爵士乐小提琴。

【解析】Imean是一个插入语。在口语中Imean常用于把已说过的话说得更清楚些,即通过解释、重复或添加新的内容;也用于对刚说过的话进行纠正。

例1:He’sreallyveryrude;Imean,heneversays“Goodmorning”.

他实在非常粗鲁,我的意思是他从来不说“早安”。

例2:Myboss,Imeanthepersoninchargeoftheoffice,leftlastweek.

我的老板,我是指这个办公室的负责人,上礼拜走了。

2.Theyusuallywriteexactinstructionshowthemusicistobeplayed.

他们通常要为如何演奏他们的音乐写出精确的说明。

【解析1】副词how引导同位语从句。用以说明前面的名词“instructions”。

例1:YouhavenoideahowworriedIwas.

你不知道我当时是多么着急啊!

例2:Heraisedthequestionhowwecouldgetthemoney.

他提出了这样的问题:怎样才能弄到钱。

【解析2】…istobeplayed是“be+不定式的被动式”。这种“be+不定式”的结构常用来表示按计划、安排将要发生的事,或用来发出批示,或用来征求对方的意见。

例1:ThelineistobeopenedtotrafficonNationalDay.

这条铁路将在国庆节通车。(计划、安排)

例2:Thisdoorisnottobeopened.

此门不得打开。(批示、命令)

例3:What’stobedonenext

下一步该怎么办呢?(征求意见)

学习v-ing形式用作表语,定语和宾语补足语的用法

1.v-ing形式可分为两种,一种为现在分词,另一种为动名词,它们分别都可以用作表语,定语和宾语补足语。

(1)现在分词用表语、定语和宾语补足语。

例1:Thestoryismoving.

这故事很感人。(表语)

例2:Thepeopleperformingallplaydifferentinstruments.

参加演奏的人都能演奏不同的乐器。(定语)

例3:Youoftenseemusiciansperforminginthestreets.

你常常可以看到音乐家们在街头演奏。(宾补)

(2)动名词用作表语、定语和宾语补足语。

例1:Ourjobplayingallkindsofmusic.

我们的工作就是演奏各种音乐。(表语)

例2:Yourtrousersareontheironingboard.

你的长裤在烫衣板上。(定语)

例3:Wecallthisprocessrecycling.

我们把这个过程称为回收再利用。(宾补)

2.现在分词和动名词的区别:

(1)作表语时:

例1:Thedaywasscharming!

天气真好!(现在分词)

例2.:Herjobislookingafterchildren.

她的工作是照顾孩子。(动名词)

另外,在“主语+其他(非be)连系动词+v-ing”结构中,v-ing是现在分词,不是动名词。

例如:Itkeptrainingforthreedays.

一连下了三天雨。

(2)作定语时:

现在分词作定语,说明被修饰名词的动作,与这个名词构成逻辑上的主谓关系;单个的现在分词作定语,常位于所修饰名词前,也可位于其后;现在分词用定语,必须位于其所修饰的名词之后,相当于一个定语从句;作定语用的现在分词不重读。动名词作定语,说明被修饰名词的性质,或用途(供作……用的),与它所修饰的词无逻辑上的主谓关系;必须位于所修饰的名词之前;作定语用的动名词须重读。

例1:awaitingtaxi=ataxiwhichiswaiting.

一辆在等候的出租车(现在分词)

例2:awaitingroom=aroomforwaiting.候车室(动名词)

例3:Thefactorybuiltaswimmingpoollastyear.

工厂去年修了一个游泳池。(动名词,表用途)

例4:Idon’tknowtheboyplayingthepiano.

我不认识弹钢琴的那个男孩。(现在分词,表动作,做定语)

(3)作宾语补足语时:

现在分词作宾语补足语时,与句子的宾语之间有逻辑上的主谓关系,动名词作宾语补足语时,与句子的宾语之间没有逻辑上的主谓关系。

例1:Isawhimsmoking.

我看见他在吸烟。(现在分词)

例2:IcallthisrobbingPetertopayPaul.

我管这叫做拆东墙补西墙。(动名词)

(4)作其他成分时:

由于现在分词有形容词和副词的特征,因此它可作状语;由于动名词兼有动词和名词的特征,可以起名词的作用,因此还可作主语和宾语。

例1:Seeingtheprofessor,thestudentssmiledgoodmorning.

学生们看到教授,向他微笑道早安。(现在分词,状语)

例2:Swimmingisagoodexercise.

游泳是项好运动。(动名词,主语)

例3:Doyoufindstayinghereinteresting

你觉得呆在这里有意思吗?(动名词,宾语)

Intentionsanddecisions(意图与决意)

1.Ithinkatthebeginningwe’dratherhave…我想,开始我们最好……

2.I’dpreferthemnotto…我不想要他们……

3.I’dratherhave…tostartwith.我宁愿开始……

4.I’drathernothave…我宁愿不……

5.Haveyoudecided…你决定……

6.I’vedecidedto…我已决定……

背景提示:A(alady)与B(agentleman)快结婚了,他们商量准备一个婚礼.

A问B已决定了举行婚礼的地点没有,B说在华天大酒店,B决定请200位客人,他想选择一个大厅。A不想在婚姻礼开始时放音乐,而且在婚宴上,她不想点很多菜,打算最先上鱼,B同意了她的建议

A1wherewe’regoingtohavetheweddingparty

B:Ithinkwe’dbetterhaveitinHuaTianHotel.

Howlargeahallwillyouorder

I’vedecidedhowmanypeopletoinvite,about200people,soweneedalargehall.

A:I’drathernothaveanymusicatthebeginningoftheparty.

B:Anyotherideas.

A:And2havesomefishto3IthinkI’d4them5servetoomanyfishes.It’sawasteofmoney.

B:Iagree.Let’sgotoHuaTianHotel,ok

Aok.

背景提示:假如你是格林先生,昨天上午八点乘飞机离开巴黎来南京,途中曾在香港停留,现在李明先生在机场迎接你,他要替你提箱子,你感谢他的好意。当问及是否还有别的事需要帮忙时,你告诉他,你需要一张南京地图。

A:Hello.YoumustbeMr.Green.I’mLiMing.

B:Nicetomeetyou,Mr.Li.

A:6,Mr.Green.WhendidyouleaveParis7

B:Ateightyesterdaymorning.

A:Wheredidyoustopontheway

B:HongKong.

A:CanItakethoseboxesforyou

B:Thanks.8.

A:Isthere9Icandoforyou

B:I’dliketohaveamapofNanjing.Pleasefindoneformeifyoucan.

SavingtheEarth

Astimegoeson,people’sliftbecomesbetterandbetter,butthepollutionoftheearthisworseandworse.

Manyindustryandmedicalfactoriesaresendingbadthingsintotheairandtheriverseveryday.Wecan’tseetheblueskyandthecleanriversasbefore.Theskyisnotbluebutpaleanddust.Thewaterisnotcleanbutdirtyandisn’tfittodrink.Thefishhasbeendying.Alotoftreeshavebeencuttingdownandwingsbrigussand,turningthelandintodesert.Wehardlyhearthesweetsingingifthebirds.

Weneeddevelopment,butweareinmoreneedofbeautifulandcleanenvironmentstolivein.Weneedcleanwater,freshairandbeautifulflowerstoo.Thecleanworldisreallywhatweneed.

Wehumanswillliveinthisworld,becausewehaveonlyoneearth.Theearthisourhome.Thepollutionisaseriousproblemthatwemustpayspecialattentionto.Ifnot,theearthwon’tbefitforustolivein.There’snodoubtthatsavingtheearthisourduty.

Theworldismineaswellasyours.Thepeopleallovertheworldhaveafirmfaithtomakethepollutionreducedandmaketheworldcleanagaininthenearfuture.

Deedsnotwordsareneeded.Forourbeautifultomorrow,forourfuture,wemustdosomethingnecessarytoprotecttheworldandtryourbesttomakecleanspace,foryouandalsoforme.

Savingtheearthdependsonourcommoneffort!

1)高考常用词语

例如1、Themancalled“119”directlyhesawthebigfire.

2)表让步的词组:evenif,eventhough,inspiteof,nomatter+疑问词,疑问词+ever.

例如1、nomatterhowcolditis,Imustgo.

例如2、herushedoutinspiteoftheheavyrain.

4)在我的家乡有一条河,以前是河水清澈,鱼儿游泳。一到夏天我们就到河里游泳。

5)现在河水被一家造纸厂污染,一切都变了,鱼儿死了,我们不能游泳了,大家很伤心。

6)面对人们为挣钱而不惜污染河水的情况,我想如果我有很多钱,我一定会让它重新变得清澈。

Hospitality

Whenyou'vehadplenty,youmightoffertoclearthetableorwashthedishes.Butsinceyou'retheguest,yourhostsmaynotletyou.Instead,theymayinviteeveryonetomovetothelivingroomfordessertwithteaorcoffee.Afteranhourorsoofgeneralchit-chat,it'sprobablytimetoheadforthedoor.Youdon'twanttowearoutyourwelcome.Andaboveall,don'tgosnoopingaroundthehouse.It'smorepolitetowaitforthehosttoofferyouaguidedtour.Butexceptforhousewarmings,guestsoftendon'tgetpastthelivingroom.Americansusuallyliketohaveadvancenoticewhenpeoplecometoseethem.Onlyveryclosefriendsdropbyunannounced.Thisisespeciallytrueiftheguestswanttostayforafewdays.Here'sagoodruleofthumbforhouseguests:Shortstaysarebest.Asone19thcenturyFrenchwriterputit,"Thefirstdayamanisaguest,thesecondaburden,thethirdapest."Evenrelativesdon'tusuallystayforseveralweeksatatime.Whileyou'restayingwithanAmericanfamily,trytokeepyourlivingareaneatandtidy.Yourhostfamilywillappreciateyourconsideration.Andtheymayeveninviteyouback!

美式待客之道

一位美国朋友邀请你去他家。你以前从未去过美国人的家,你不确定该怎么做。该带一个礼物吗?该怎么穿?该几点到?到了那里该做什么?很高兴你发问。你若是客人,只要使自己感到自在就好了。待客之道就是这样:虽然不是在家里,却使客人有实至如归之感。

是否带礼物的问题常使客人不安。在某些文化中,送主人礼物不只是社交礼节——还是必要的。但是在美国文化中,客人并不一定要带礼物。当然,有些人的确会带个表示感谢的小礼物给他们的主人。在一般情況下,带花或是糖果,如果这家人有小孩,玩具应当是恰当的礼物。如果你选择不带礼物,別担心,甚至沒有人会注意到的。

美国人通常喜欢访客事先通知他们,只有非常亲密的朋友才可能不请自来,尤其在客人要待好几天时更是如此。最好不要久留——这是给访客的经验之谈。如同十九世纪一位法国作家所写的:“第一天是客人,第二天是负担,第三天就是讨厌鬼了。”即使是亲戚通常也不会一次待上几个星期。当你住在美国人家里时,设法使你住的地方保持整齐清洁。你的主人一家都会感谢你这么体贴,他们甚至会再邀请你!

Athenschiefpromisesunique2004Games

GiannaAngelopoulos,headoftheAthens2004OlympicOrganisingCommittee(ATHOC)vowedhereonTuesdaythattheGameswouldbeahugesuccess,despitethepressuretobereadyintime.

雅典摩拳擦掌,打造全新奥运会

雅典2004年奥运会组委会主席詹纳·安耶洛普洛斯近日表示尽管2004年雅典奥运会筹备工作中压力重重,但是雅典一定会取得巨大成功。

早些时候国际奥委会协调委员会通过了雅典奥委会提交的四项提案:雅典奥运会财政预算(19.6亿欧元的收支平衡);有关门票收入的计划;每日的赛程安排几乎同悉尼奥运会相同;以及火炬接力方案。雅典奥委会计划让奥运圣火传遍五大洲,传遍大部分已经举办过奥运会的城市。2004年雅典奥运会的吉祥物将于明年1月与大家见面,但是这个吉祥物首先要得到国际奥委会主席雅克·罗格以及奥斯瓦尔德的认可。

1.Thesportsmeetbecauseofthebadweather.

A.istoputoffB.istobeputoff

C.isbeingputoffD.beingputoff

2.LastsummerItookacourseon.

A.howtomakedressesB.howdressesbemade

C.howtobemadedressesD.howmakingdresses

3.Don’tyouwanttojoinusthefootballmatch

A.in;/B./;/C./;inD.in;in

4.Myclothesdon’tlooktidyandneed.

A.ironingB.toironC.ironsD.ironed

5.herbooksopenonthechair,Lindawentoutforlunch.

A.Leaving;layB.Left;lyingC.leaving;lyingD.Left;laid

6.—Areyoufamiliarthemusic

—Yes.Themusicisveryfamiliarme.butIcan’trememberwhenandwhereIheardit.

A.with;withB.to;toC.with;toD.to;with

7.—ShallweaskJohntogowithus

A.I’dratherhedon’tgowithusB.I’dpreferhimnotgoingwithus

C.I’dlikehimnotgoingwithusD.I’dpreferhimnottogowithus

8.—whatdoesyourdaddoforaliving

A.HislifeisquitegoodB.Hemakesagoodliving

C.HegrowsvegetablesD.Helivesonvegetables

9.Thedoctortoldhimtotakepills,buthetookfour.

A.atonetimeB.atatimeC.attimeD.atthesametime

10.—AreyougoingtotellAnnwhathappenedorwouldyou

ratherher

—I’lltellheraboutitmyself.

A.doB.didC.tellD.told

11.Theoftenpuzzlessomeoftheold.

A.changingworldB.worldhavingchanged

C.worldbeingchangedD.havingchangedworld

12.Asanactor,hehastospendalotoftimelearningthelinesoftheplay.

A.inhearB.bythehearC.byhisheartD.byheart

13.weretakingnotesatthesametime.

A.ThoselistenedB.Listeningthose

C.ThosewhowerelisteningD.Thosewerelistening

14.Themonkeyshavebeenwelltrainedtodancedifferentmusic.

A.withB.toC.forD.at

15.-DoyouknowifMaryhasgotmarriedJohn

-Yes.Theyhavefornearlyayear.

A.to;marriedB.to;beenmarried

C.with;gotmarriedD./;beenmarried

Makingfriendsisaskill.Likemostskills,itimproveswith1.Ifyouwanttomeetpeopleandmakefriends,youmustbeabletotake2.Youmustfriends,youmustfirstgo3therearepeople.

Youwon’tmakefriendsstayinghomealone.

4acluboragroup,fortalkingwiththosewho5thesameinterestsasyoudoiseasier,6joinsomeoneinsomeactivities.

Manypeopleare7whentalkingtopeople.8meetingstrangersmeansfacingtheunknown.Andit’shuman9tofeelabituncomfortableabouttheunknown,

Mostofourfearsaboutdealingwithnewpeoplecomefrom10aboutourselves.We11otherpeoplearejudgingus,findingustoosmallortooshort,toothisortoothat.12don’tforgetthattheymustbefeelingthesameway.Trytoacceptyourself13youare,andtrytoputtheotherpersonatease.You’llneverfeelmore14.

Trytoactself-confidentevenifyoudon’tfeelthatwaywhenyouenteraroomfullof15suchasanewclassroom.Walktallandstraight,look16atotherpeopleandsmile.Ifyouseesomeoneyou’dliketospeakto,17somethingtohim.Don’twaitfortheotherpersontostartaconversation.

Justmeetingsomeone18doesn’tmeanthatyouwillmakefriendswiththatperson–friendshipis19onmutuallikingand“giveandtake”.Theytaketimeand20todevelop.Andtherearethingsthatkeepanewfriendshipfromgrowing.

1.A.agoB.practiceC.skillD.everything

2.A.photosB.actionsC.placeD.troubles

3.A.whereB.thatC.whichD.when

4.A.FromB.BuyC.UseD.Join

5.A.haveB.shareC.keepD.like

6.A.SoB.OrC.HoweverD.But

7.A.afraidB.fearfulC.nervousD.familiar

8.A.AboveB.InallC.ToallD.Afterall

9.A.natureB.needC.habitD.custom

10.A.factsB.doubtsC.wondersDbeliefs

11.A.suggestB.considerC.doubtD.imagine

12.A.AndB.ThereforeC.ButD.So

13.A.whatB.whoCthatD.as

14.A.dangersB.usefulC.familiarD.comfortable

15.A.strangersB.peopleC.classmatesD.students

16.A.anxiouslyB.friendlyC.curiouslyD.directly

17.A.speakB.talkC.sayD.tell

18.A.strangeB.newC.familiarD.tiresome

19.A.dependB.laidC.takenD.based

20.A.moneyB.energyC.effortD.trouble

1.Thisisastoryabout.

A.arichmanwhoownedabigwood

B.apoorIrishmanwholivedallbyhimself

C.aclevermanwhotriedtogetsomethingtoeatforhisbreakfast

D.anIrishhunterwithalargefamily

2.WhenPatwasfoundinthewoods,hewasin________

A.safetyB.chanceC.dangerD.order

3、WhywasLordNorthwoodsurprised

A.HewasnotexpectingPatatthisearlyhour.

B.HewonderedwhyPatdidn’trunaway.

C.Patwasn’tafraidofhim

D.HehadnotexpectedsuchabravequestionfromPat.

Cloning(克隆)tookagiantstepfromsciencefictiontosciencefactlastyearwhenresearchersattheRoslynInstituteinScotlandannouncedthebirthofDolly,alambclonedfromthecells(细胞)ofanadultsheep.Thesuccessraisedvastquestionsaboutthepotentialofcloning:Couldthetechniqueberepeatedandmademoreefficient(有效的)Couldotheranimalsbecloned

SomedoubtedandevendemandedmoreproofthatDollywasatrueclone,asadvertiseddrammaticpapersontheJuly23issueofNatureansweredthesequestionsandsuggestedthatcloningwasabouttobecomeanimportantpartofourworld,whetherwewerereadyforitornot.

AninternationalteamofresearchersledbyRyuzoYanagimachioftheUniversityofHawwaiiannouncedthattheyhadsuccessfullyclonedadultmicenotoncebutmorethan50times.Someofthemicewerethird-generationanimals:clonesofclones.Yanagimachi’sgroupusedtocreateDolly-thoughitstillonlyproducedlivebirthstwotothreepercentofthetime.AnAmericancompanyholdscommercialrighttothenewcloningmethod.Possibleapplicationsincludecustom-tailoredanimalsthatcreatemedicineororgansfortransplantationintoreports,scientistsattheRoslynInstituteandtheUniversityofLeicesterexaminedDolly’sDNA“fingerprint”.Theresultsshowedthatshewasacloneandgotherplaceinthehistorybooks.

4.Whichofthefollowingcanbestexplain“Cloningtookagiantstepfromsciencefictiontosciencefact”

A.Cloningwasdescribedasrealityinthesciencenovels

B.Cloningwasturnedfromsomethingimaginedintoreality

C.Cloningturnedsciencenovelsintosomethingpractical

D.Cloningwasdescribedassomethingimpossibleinthesciencenovels.

5.Whichofthefollowingstatementsisnottrue

A.Adultmicehavebeensuccessfullyclonedbyscientists

B.Cloningislikelytobecomeanimportantpartofourlife

C.Cloningmighthelptopreservethestockofrareanimals

D.Efficienttechniquehasledtohighbirthrateofclonedmice

6.Twoseparatereportsshowedthat.

A.humanswillbeclonedB.Dollyisalambofcloned

C.DollyisnotareallambD.humanscan’tbecloned

7.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage

A.Clone-FromScienceFictiontoScienceReality

B.Dolly,theFirstClonedLamb

C.Clone,GoodorBadforHumans

D.ClonedLambandClonedMice

Earlyonemorning,morethanahundredyearsagoanAmericaninventorcalledEliasHowefinallyfellasleep.Hehadbeenworkingallnightonthedesignofasewingmachinebuthehadrunintoaverydifficultproblem:itseemedimpossibletogetthethreadtorunsmoothlyaroundtheneedle.

Thoughhewastired,Howesleptbadly.Heturnedandturned.Thenhehadadream.Hedreamtthathehadbeenaughtbyterriblesavages(野人)whosekingwantedtokillandeathimunlesshecouldbuildaperfectsewingmachine.Whenhetriedtodoso,Howeranintothesameproblemasbefore,ThekingflewintoacageandorderedhissoldierstokillHowe.Theycameuptowardshimwiththeirspearsraised.Butsuddenlytheinventornoticedsomething.Therewasaholeinthetipofeachspear.Theinventorawokefromthedream,realizingthathehadjustfoundtheanswertotheproblem.Insteadoftryingtogetthethreadtorunaroundtheneedle,heshouldmakeitrunthroughasmallholeinthecenteroftheneedle.ThiswasthesimpleideathatfinallymadeHowedesignandbuildthefirstreallypracticalsewingmachine.

EliasHowewasnottheonlyoneinfindingtheanswertohisprobleminthisway.ThomasEdison,theinventoroftheelectriclightlamp,saidhisbestideascametohimindreams.SodidthegreatphysicistAlbertEinstein.CharlotteBrontealsodrewinherdreamsinwritingJaneEyre.

Toknowthevalueofdreams,youhavetounderstandwhathappenswhenyouareasleep.Eventhen.apartofyourmindisstillworking.Thisunconscious(无意识的),butstillactivepartunderstandsyourexperiencesandgoestoworkontheproblemsyouhavehadduringtheday.Itstoresallsortsofinformationthatyoumayhaveforgottenorneverhavereallynoticed.Itisonlywhenyoufallasleepthatthispartofthebraincansendmessagestothepartyouusewhenyouareawake.However,theunconsciouspartactsinaspecialway.Itusesstrangeimageswhichtheconsciouspartmaynotunderstand

atfirst.Thisiswhydreamsaresometimescalled“secretmessagestoourselves”.

8.Accordingtothepassage,ElisaHowewas.

A.thefirstpersonweknowofwhosolveproblemsinhissleep

B.muchmorehard-workingthanotherinventors

C.thefirstpersontodesignasewingmachinethatreallyworked

D.theonlypersonatthetimewhoknewthevalueofdreams

9.Theproblemhowwastryingtosolvewas.

A.whatkindofthreadtouse

B.howtodesignaneedlewhichwouldnotbreak

C.wheretoputtheneedle

D.howtostopthethreadfromgettingcaughtaroundtheneedle

10.ThomasEdisonisspokenofbecause.

A.healsotriedtoinventasewingmachine

B.hegotsomeofhisideasfromdreams

C.hewasoneofHowe’sfriends

D.healsohaddifficultyinfallingasleep

11.Dreamsaresomethingcalledsecretmessagestoourselves

because.

A.strangeimagesareusedtocommunicateideas

B.imageswhichhavenomeaningareused

C.wecanneverunderstandtherealmeaning

D.onlyspeciallytrainedpeoplecanunderstandthem

EveningCourse

Studentsmustapply(申请)foraplacebeforeattendinganyclass.Applications,eitherbypostorinperson,aredealtwithstrictlyintheordertheyarereceivedattheAdultEducationOffice.

Youcanapply:

BYPOST—usethecardprovidedwithexactfee.Youwillbeacceptedonthecourseunlessitisfull,inwhichcasewewillinformyou.Anacknowledgement(承认)willnotbemadenorareceipt(收据)sentunlessyouprovideastampedaddressedenvelope.Receiptswillnormallybegivenoutatthefirstclass.

INPERSON—callattheAdultEducationOffice(groundfloor,Cblock)betweenapproximately9:00a.m.and3:30p.m.(2:30p.m.onFridays),orattheCollegeReceptionDesk(atthemainentrance)attheothertimes(intheeveningsuntilabout7:30p.m.onFridays).

Studentsshouldnotethatpopularclassesmaybefullwellbeforethecourseistostart,sothatearlyapplicationisstronglyadvisedtoavoiddisappointment.

FortheAUTUMNTERM,applicationswillbeacceptedbypost(preferably)orinpersonfromlstAugust.

FortheSPRINGTETM,applicationswillbeacceptedfrom1stDecember.

FortheSUMMERTERM,applicationswillbeacceptedfrom1stApril.

12.StudentswhoapplytotheCollegebypostwill.

A.avoiddisappointment

B.besentabill

C.haveanadvantageoverpeopleapplyinginperson

D.beinformediftheyhavenotgotaplace

13.Whatmuststudentsdotoapplybypost

A.Provideastampedaddressedenvelope.B.Payatthefirstclass

C.Ringthereceipttothefirstclass

D.Sendpaymentwiththeirapplication

14.Whichofthefollowingwordshavetheclosestmeaningwiththeword“approximately”inthisnotice

A.closelyB.aboutC.mostlyD.probably

15.Whencanstudentsapplyinperson

A.AtthecollegereceptionDeskafterabout3:30p.m.

B.AttheAdultEducationOfficeafterabout3:30p.m.

C.AttheAdultEducationOfficeat9:30p.m.

D.AttheCollegeReceptionDeskat2:20p.m.

16.IfstudentswantstoapplyfortheAutumnTerm,.

A.theyshouldcheckwhetherthecourseisfull.

B.Thecollegewouldrathertheyappliedbypost

C.ApplicationsmustbereceivedbyAugust1st

D.Theymustapplyinperson

Ididn’tknowthecityatallandwhatismore,Icouldn’tspeakawordofthelanguage.Afterspentmyfirstdaysight-seeinginthetown-center,Ilostmyway.Igotonthefirstbusthatpassedanddescended(下车)somethirtyminuteslaterinwhatmusthavebeenasuburb.

Thefirsttwohourspassedpleasantlyenough.IdiscoveredmysteriouslittlebookshopsinbackstreetsandfinallyarrivedatthemarketplacewhereIstoppedandhadcoffeeinanopen-aircafé.ThenIdecidedtogetbacktomyhotelforlunch.Afterwalkingaboutaimlesslyforsometime,Ideterminedtoasktheway.ThetroublewasthattheonlywordIknewofthelanguagewasthenameofthestreetinwhichIlived—andeventhatIpronouncedbadly.

Istoppedtoaskafriendly-lookingnewspaper-seller.Hesmiledandhandedmeapaper.Ishookmyheadandrepeatedthenameofthestreetandhethrustthepaperintomyhands.Seeingthatitwouldbeimpossibletogivethepaperback,Igivehimsomemoneyandwentonmyway.JustthenIsawapolicemanonacorner,Iwasgladthathecertainlywouldbetohelpme,thepolicemanlistenedattentively(留意地)tomyquestion,smiledandgentlytookmebythearm.Hepointedleftandrightandleftagain.Inoddedpolitelyandbeganwalkinginthedirectionhepointed.AboutanhourpassedandInoticedthatthehousesweregettingfewerandgreenfieldswereappearingoneithersideofme.Ihadcomeallthewayintothecountry.Theonlythingleftformetodowastofindthenearestrailwaystation.

17.Thewriter________.

A.wasacompletestrangerinthecity

B.knewthecityquitewell

C.hadoncevisitedthecity

D.hadonlyalittleknowledgeaboutthecity

18.Thewriterwantedtohavehislunch_______.

A.inanopen-aircaféB.athishotel

C.inarestaurantD.athome

19.Themaincauseofallthewriter’stroubleswasthat_______.

A.hefollowedthepoliceman’sdirection

B.hecouldn’tspeakthelanguage

C.heleftthecitycenter

D.hewenteverywherewithoutamapofthecity

20.hestoppedwhenhecametoanewspaper-seller_______.

A.inordertobuyanewspaper

B.inordertopayhimthemoney

C.inordertoasktheway

D.becauseofthebadlanguage

Nobodycantellexactlywhypeoplebegantousesalt.1_

Butitiswell-knowthatsalthasusedinmanydifferentways.2_

throughouthistory,Peoplewholivedover3,000yearsago.3_

atesaltedfish,InancientEgypt,saltwasusedtopreservedying.4_

bodies.Stealingsaltwereregardedasaseriouscrimein.5_

differenttimes.Inthe18thcentury,forexample,apersonwas.6_

THE END
1.每日一句大明星出场了每日一句-大明星出场了 2024-11-13 18:32 播放量:39 开始配音 7 TA的口语练习作品每日一句-毛怪快起床呀 2024-11-11 20:20 3 1 一上U3:Listen and chant 2024-11-05 19:28 4 1 猫和老鼠:妈妈,你说话啊! 2024-11-03 18:48 0 1 日常对话-你能帮我吗 2024-10-30 18:42 12 1 ...http://moive2.qupeiyin.com/index.php?c=show&a=share&id=MDAwMDAwMDAwMLGttqyCe76YsM14rg
2.金山词霸这里是我们的宠物在宠物秀日 以上结果来自机器翻译。https://www.iciba.com/word?w=Hereourpetsonthepetshowday
3.Showpet的翻译是:Showpet中文翻译英文意思,翻译英语showpet 翻译结果5复制译文编辑译文朗读译文返回顶部 正在翻译,请等待... 相关内容 a备份驱动 Backup actuation[translate] a53 the window quietly, Mr. Black 54 his pistol to his son and said, “We are surrounded by the robbers now.” He 55 to the kitchen and his son went 56 there quickly.[...http://eyu.zaixian-fanyi.com/fan_yi_3610297
4.剑桥国际少儿英语KB1教材文本.docOnpetshowday.(在宠物秀这天。) Myhorseisbeautiful.(我的马很漂亮。) Mydogistoo.(我的狗也是。) Myfishisugly.(我的鱼很丑。) Mybirdisblue.(我的鸟是蓝色的。) Mycatisyoung.(我的猫很年幼。) Andmymouseisgrey.(我的老鼠是灰色的。) https://max.book118.com/html/2023/1206/8032104076006013.shtm
1.PetdayDefinition&MeaningMerriamThe meaning of PET DAY is an unseasonably fine or pleasant day.https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/pet%20day
2.PEEPSHOW的英語發音peepshow的解釋是什麼? 「每日一詞」 be between girlfriends/boyfriends to no longer have a job, marriage, boyfriend, girlfriend, etc. at the present time, but expect or be likely to get another one 關於這個https://dictionary.cambridge.org/zht/amp/%E7%99%BC%E9%9F%B3/%E8%8B%B1%E8%AA%9E/peepshow
3.Cathay:NothingBeatsBeingThereCome on boys! Get him! Yes! Yes! You're also a fan of the Hong Kong Sevens, Ronnie? Yeah. And it's Johnny, actually. Nice one, Donnie. He noticed me. Do you remember when New Zealand only had 30 seconds left? Yeah, it was such a great play that touchdownhttps://www.tvcbook.com/video/1241412.html
4.HomepageBestInShowPetResortAt Best In Show Pet Resort, providing the best boarding, grooming, and daycare experience to the dogs and cats of Mineola, NY is our passion.https://www.bestinshowpetresort.com/
5.2023年湖北省黄石市中考英语试题及答案(精校文字版)—Well, I just follow the steps on Tiktok. A. cost B. method C. time D. menu 3. Young Chinese people ___ keep the motherland at heart, aim high, and have their feet firmly on the ground. A. should B. can C. may D. need...https://www.whrcw.cc/article/16095.html
6.南方翻译服务公司(广州翻译总部东莞翻译深圳翻译北京翻译上海...lift oneself from poverty/ 百闻不如一见 Seeing is believing./ 百慕大三角 Burmuda Triangle/ 摆谱儿 put on airs; show off; keep up appearances / 摆花架子 a metaphor for presenting an attractive facade but in reality lacking substance/ 摆架子 put on airs / 包销人 underwriter/ 拜年 pay New Yea...http://www.tongshengfanyi.com/chvo_chinadaily.htm
7.08词汇运用(译单词变词形选词填空等)(202149. In Nanjing, it is common to see senior ___(citizen)playing chess in the sun or enjoying a radio show in the park.50. Touring, studying and living in Nanjing, you may ___(find)it changing and growing every day.2021年请根据括号中所给的汉语写出单词,使句子意思完整正确。41.I’ve...https://mip.21cnjy.com/P/18483416.html
8.冀教版初中英语八年级下册电子课本-单枪匹马是什么意思马在线翻译读音海 冀教版初中英语八年级下册电子课本+翻译 Unit 1 Lessons 1-6 Spring Is Coming! 第一单元 第1-6课 春天来了! Lesson 1 How's the Weather? 第1课 天气怎么样? Good morning, everyone. 大家早上好。 I'm Danny Dinosaur on the radio. ...http://waiyu.en369.cn/yingyu/1691141684a193146.html
9.八下英语作文翻译集锦初二下册英语作文集锦(+翻译)1.Myhobby(我的喜好)(一)Ilikesportsverymuch.Weusuallytakeexerciseintheearlymorning.Wedoeyeexercisesintheafternoon. Afterschoolweplaybasketballorfootball..Aftersupper,Ioftengooutforawalkwithmyparents.Myfavouritesportisbasketball.IoftenwatchbasketballmatchesonTVonSundays.Ithinkdoingspor...https://www.xdyy8.com/wenxue/zuowen/73929.html
10.翻译'belongings'–字典凯尔特文检查“ belongings”到凯尔特文的翻译。浏览句子中belongings的翻译示例,听发音并学习语法。https://cs.glosbe.com/en/kw/belongings
11.英语动词时态:一般过去时2? on the farm. ?9.My mother _didn’t do _ (not do) housework yester day. ?10.She watches TV every evening. But she _didn’t watch_ (not watch) TV last night. ?11._Did_ your father _go_ ( go ) to work ...https://www.360doc.cn/article/40032888_811402463.html
12.these是什么意思,these中文翻译,读音,用法,同义词,例句Biofilm communities can harbor bacteria longer and are very difficult to clean, Bacteria in these communities also have an enhanced resistance to sanitizers (清洁剂) and antibiotics compared to bacteria living on their own.2018年12月四级真题(第三套)阅读 Section B But as these findings show, exer...https://www.mingxiaow.com/word/these.html
13.ChatGPT使用总结:150个ChatGPT提示词模板(完整版)I want you to act as a plagiarism checker. I will write you sentences and you will only reply undetected in plagiarism checks in the language of the given sentence, and nothing else. Do not write explanations on replies. My first sentence is "For computers to behave like humans, speech re...https://www.shangyexinzhi.com/article/6532901.html
14.GaiaRunwayThemesGaiapediaFandomKey: C - Cash G - Gold F - Free Early tested themes. Hero's - Sometimes you need a hero. Show us yours. Back to School - Dress for school, time for class! Bond - Dress like Bond, James Bond Weekday / Weekend specified themes. Blazing Mondays - Fire it uphttps://gaia.fandom.com/wiki/Gaia_Runway_Themes
15.大学英语四级阅读理解真题54. What does the recent study of Norwegian mothers show? A)Children’s personality characteristics are invariably determined by their mothers. B)People with unhealthy eating habits are likely to die sooner. C)Mothers’ influence on children may last longer than fathers’. ...https://www.yjbys.com/edu/daxue/91519.html