Unit2I’llhelptocleanupthecityparks.
SectionA
1.Youshouldhelptocleanupthecityparks.
Cleanup意为“彻底打扫;清除”,是“动词+副词”结构的短语动词,后面跟名词作宾格时,名词放在up前后均可,后面跟代词作宾格时,代词应当放在up前面。
e.g.Heoftenhelpsparentscleanuptheroomsonweekends.
2.Thegirlcouldvisitthesickkidsinthehospitaltocheerthemup.
Cheerup意为“变得更高兴,振奋起来”,是“动词+副词”结构的短语,cheerup既可以作及物动词短语,也可以作不及物动词短语
e.g.HecheeredupatoncewhenIagreedtohelphim.
Cheerup!Thenewsisn’ttoobad.
Hetookhertothecinematocheerherup.
【拓展】
1)cheer作不及物动词,意为“欢呼;喝彩”
e.g.Thegirlscheeredasthefamoussingerarrived.
2)cheer作及物动词,意为“为···欢呼,高呼”
e.g.Thewholevillageturnedouttocheerthehero
3)cheer作可数名词,意为“欢呼声,喝彩声”
e.g.Wecanhearthecheersofstudentsoutsidethegym.
4)cheeron意为“为···加油”
e.g.Wewillhaveabasketballgamethisafternoon.Wouldyouliketocomeandcheeruson?【现学现练】
Hefailedinthemathtestandlookssad.Let’s_______
A.puthimup
B.sethimup
C.cheerhimup
D.cleanhimup
3.Theboycouldgiveoutfoodatthefoodbank.
Giveout意为“散发,分发”,相当于“handout”,是“动词+副词”的短语动词
e.g.Canyougiveoutthedrinksout,please
Giveout的不同含义:
1)giveout表示“发出(光、热、声音、气味等)
e.g.Thesungivesoutlightandheattotheearth.
2)giveout表示“用完,耗尽”
e.g.Ourfoodsuppliesbegantogiveout.
4.Thegirlcouldvolunteerinanafter-schoolstudyprogramtoteachkids.
Volunteer动词,意为“志愿做,义务做”,后可跟名词、代词或动词不定式作宾语
e.g.Jennyvolunteeredtocleanuptheroomafterparty.
Volunteer作可数名词,意为“志愿者”
e.g.CanIhaveavolunteertocollecttheglasses
5.Wecan’tputoffmakingaplan
Putoff意为“推迟”,是“动词+副词”的短语动词,其后可跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语
e.g.Theyputoffthematchbecauseoftheheavyrain.
Pleasedon’tputoffdoingyourhomework.
Neverputofftilltomorrowwhatyoucandotoday.
由put构成的常见短语有:
Putaway将···收起来puton穿上;上演putdown放下;记下Putout熄灭;伸出putback放回原处putup张贴;搭建
6.Let’smakesomenotices,too
Notice此处作可数名词,意为“公告牌;通告;布告”
e.g.Thereisanoticeonthewall,saying“NoParking”
I’llputupanoticeaboutthemeeting.
1)notice作不可数名词,意为“注意”
e.g.Takenoticeofwhattheysay.
2)notice作动词,意为“注意到,留心,看到”
e.g.DidyounoticeJackcomein
7.Theytoldmestoriesaboutthepastandhowthingsusedtobe
Usedto意为“过去···,曾经···”,后跟动词原形,表示“过去常常做某事”,指表示过去和现在的对比,暗指现在已经不存在的动作或状态
e.g.Heusedtoworkinthehospital.
Hedidn’tusetowalkaftersupper.
1)beusedtodosth.意为“被用于做某事”,不定式表目的
e.g.Thebookisusedtoteachushowtowrite.
2)beusedfor+n./v.ing表示“被用于···”
e.g.Astampisusedforsendingletters.
3)get/beusedtodoingsth.
e.g.Heisusedtoeatingoutallthetime.
8.Yeah,alotofoldpeoplearelonely.
Lonely是形容词,充当表语,指“孤独的”,用于人时,表示一种心理状态,突出内心孤独寂寞的感觉,侧重缺少同伴友谊而感到孤独、寂寞。含忧郁之意。
e.g.Hefeltverylonelywithouthisfriends.
9.···giveupseveralhourseachweektohelpothers.
Several作形容词,意为“几个,数个”,修饰可数名词复数
e.g.Severaldayslater,Grandmacametothelibrarytoborrowsomebooks.