一、基础达标测试(本题共20小题,每题1分,共20分)
1.Being________(energy)inclassisimportantforstudentstostudy.
【答案】energetic
【解析】Being后面加形容词,构成系表结构,energetic,形容词,精力旺盛的。故填energetic.
2.Itisgenerallyacceptedthatsmokingis________(harm)toourhealth.
【答案】harmful
【解析】考查形容词。句意:人们普遍认为吸烟有害健康。beharmfulto对......有伤害,故填harmful.
3.HarryPorteristhe__________(interesting)bookthatIhaveeverread.
【答案】mostinteresting
【解析】考查形容词的最高级。根据句意,HarryPorter是我曾经读过的最有趣的书。可知需用形容词最高级作表语。interesting有趣的,形容词词原形;themostinteresting最高级。故填mostinteresting.
4.Thefamousscientistisbusydoingsome__________(science)research.
【答案】scientific
【解析】考查形容词。句意:那位著名的科学家正忙着做一些科学研究。根据句意,可知本空填形容词。scientific形容词,意为“科学的”,在句中作research的定语。故填scientific.
5.Gamescanmakelearningmore________(enjoy).
【答案】enjoyable
【解析】考查形容词做宾补。句意:游戏能使学习更愉快。根据句意可知,在句子中充当宾语补足语,用形容词enjoyable,故填enjoyable.6.Thelibraryisinthe_____________(centre)partofthetown.
【答案】central
【解析】考查形容词。修饰名词用形容词作定语,centre“中心”是名词,形容词是central.故填central.7.Timeis____________(value).Wehavetoappreciateeveryminuteofeachday.
【答案】valuable/invaluable
【答案】astonishing
【解析】考查形容词。句意:人类将以普通和惊人的方式继续适应气候变化。ways方式,名词,指物,修饰物,要用动词astonish的现在分词的形容词astonishing,使人吃惊的,惊人的。故填astonishing.
9.Inmyopinion,hiswordsis____________(convince).
【答案】convincing
【解析】考查形容词作表语。句意:在我看来,他的话是令人信服的。此处应使用形容词作表语,表示“令人信服的”,故填convincing.10.The_______________(determine)lookonhisfaceshowedthathehadenoughconfidenceinhisteam.
【答案】determined
【解析】考查形容词作定语。形容词修饰look,坚定的determined,故填determined.
11._________(person),Iamkeenonpopmusic.
【答案】Personally
【解析】考查副词。句意:就我个人来说,我喜欢流行音乐。personally就本人而言;就个人意见,副词,句首首字母大写。故填Personally.
12.Onlysince1962hastheshowbeenheld__________(annual).
【答案】annually
【解析】考查副词。annualadj.每年的;annuallyadv.每年;题干中需要的是副词修饰动词held,故填annually.
13.Sorry,butIcan'tunderstand____(entire)whatyousaidjustnow.
【答案】entirely
【解析】考查副词。分析句子结构可知,空处需用副词作状语修饰动词understand.故填entirely.
14.Anybehaviourthatisrepeatedenoughtimeswill________(eventual)becomeahabitandhappenautomatically.
【答案】eventually
【解析】考查副词。修饰动词用副词,故填eventually.
15.Ithashelpedmebecomestronger,bothmentallyand__________(physical).
【答案】physically
【解析】考查副词。根据并列连词and可知,这里是并列的两个副词做状语。physically身体上地,符合语境,故填physically.
16.AttheancientOlympics,________(tradition)theathleteswereallmenandtheyhadtocompetewearingnoclothes.
【答案】traditionally
【解析】考查副词和非谓语动词。句意:在古代奥运会上,传统上运动员都是男性,他们必须不穿衣服参加比赛。由句子结构可知,空处需用副词作状语修饰整个句子,tradition的副词为traditionally.故填traditionally.17.Hepattedme_______(gentle)ontheback.
【答案】gently
【解析】考查副词。patted为动词,空格处要填副词来修饰动词,gentle的副词是gently,故填gently.18.Theplanewillbelandingin___________(approximate)20minutes.
【答案】approximately
【解析】考查副词。分析句型可知,此处应用副词形式修饰后面的20minutes,表示“程度”。根据句意,故填approximately.
19.________(obvious),LindaisangrywithTomforhisbeinglatefortheirdate.
【答案】Obviously
【解析】考查副词。句意:很明显,琳达对汤姆约会迟到而生气。设空处要填副词修饰整句话,且首字母要大写。故填Obviously.
20.Foodinsmallpiecescouldbeeateneasilywithtwigs(树枝)which________(gradual)turnedintochopsticks.
【答案】gradually
【解析】考查副词。句意:小块的食物可以很容易地用小树枝吃,小树枝逐渐演变成了筷子。这里要用副词修饰turninto,gradual的副词形式是gradually.故填gradually.
二、真题实战演练(本题共10小题,每题1.5分,共15分)
1.(2020.全国卷I)Itisdifficulttofigureoutaglobalpopulationofpolarbearsasmuchoftherangehasbeen______(poor)studied.
【答案】poorly
【解析】考查词性转换。根据句意和结构分析可知,此处用副词poorly修饰谓语动词hasbeenstudied,意为“研究很少”。故填poorly.
2.(2020.全国卷II)Wearesoproudofher.It's______(wonder)
【答案】wonderful
【解析】考查词性转换。分析句子结构,在系动词is之后用形容词形式作表语,故填wonderful.
3.(2020.全国卷III)TheyalsosharedwithusmanytraditionalstoriesaboutHawaiithatwere______(huge)popularwithtourists.
【答案】hugely
【解析】考查词性转换。修饰形容词popular,应用副词形式,huge的副词为hugely,故填hugely.
4.(2020.北京卷)it’snevertooearlytomakenecessarypreparationsforahealthyand______(meaning)collegeexperience.
【答案】meaningful
【解析】考查词性转换。这里与前面的healthy并列,修饰后面的名词collegeexperience,故此处也要用形容词。故填meaningful.
5.(2019.全国卷I)Accordingtoareviewofevidenceinamedicaljournal,runnerslivethreeyears(long)thannon-runners.
【答案】longer
【解析】考查形容词比较级。句意:根据一份医学杂志中的证据报告,跑步者比非跑步者的寿命要长3年。根据题干中的than可知设空处需用副词比较级形式,故填longer.
6.(2019.全国卷II)Atasteformeatis(actual)behindthechange:Animportantpartofitscornisusedtofeedchickens,pigs,andcattle.
【答案】actually
【解析】考查副词。句意:对于肉类的喜爱实际上是这一变化背后的原因:中国的玉米有很重要的一个作用就是,用来饲养鸡、猪和牛。此处需用副词作状语,故用actual的副词形式actually.
7.(2019.全国卷III)Thatmakesherbabyscream,andthena400-poundmaleappears.Hescreamsthe
(loud)ofall.
【答案】loudest
【解析】考查词性转换。句意:它尖叫的声音最大。根据句意及本句中的“ofall”可知设空处填副词最高级,故填loudest.
8.(2019.浙江卷)Therecouldbeaneven(high)costonyourhealth.
【答案】higher
【解析】考查比较级。本句表示"你的身体会付出更大的代价",所以本句表示和钱方面的一个比较,所以用比较级higher.
9.(2017.全国卷I)Havingenoughfatandsaltinyourmealswillreducetheurgetosnack(吃点心)betweenmealsandwillimprovethetasteofyourfood.However,be(care)nottogotoextremes.
【答案】careful
【解析】考查词性转换。句意:然而,小心不要走极端。设空处在系动词be后,作表语,故用形容词careful.
10.(2017.全国卷II)TheCentralLondonRailwaywasoneofthemost(success)ofthesenewlines,andwasopenedin1900.
【答案】successful
【解析】考查词性转换。由“伦敦中心地铁是这些新铁路线中最成功的线路之一”可知句子的主干为主系表结构,此处为形容词作表语,themost暗示了答案。故填successful.
三、形容词和副词专项综合训练(本题共10小题,每题1.5分,共15分)
Somepeoplethinkthattheywillgetilliftheyusetheirbrainstoomuch.Itisnot__1________(complete)true.Throughmanystudies,scientistsshowusthatthe_2________(much)youuseyourbrain,thebetteritwillbeandthe____3_______(clever)youwillbecome.
Ofcourse,ifyouwanttokeepyourmindclearandactive,youmusttakeaproperrestandstudy___4_____(proper).Totheteenagers,usingtheirbrainsinthemorningisgoodfortheirhealth.
Therearemanywaystorest.Oneisa_____5_____(peace)rest.Sleepisapeacefulrest.Anotherisan___6___(act)rest.Forexample,takeawalkoutdoorsanddomoreexerciseeveryday.Tochangethewayofbrains'activitiesisalsoan____7________(effect)waytorest.
Ineverydaylife,____8______(regular)eatingsomeeggs,meat,freshvegetablesandfruitisalso_____9____(benefit)tothebrains.
Wishyoutolive_____10________(happy)andstayhealthyandyoungforever.
1.【答案】completely
【解析】此题考查词性转化。句意:这并不完全属实。此处语境是副词修饰形容词true,表达“完全正确”。故填completely.
2.【答案】more
【解析】此题考查形容词比较级的用法。句意:你用脑越多,你的大脑就会变得越好。分析句子结构和具体语境,themore...,thebetter...,“越多。。。。越好”。故填more.
3.【答案】cleverer
【解析】此题考查形容词比较级。句意:你用脑越多,你的大脑就会变得越好,你就会变得越聪明。固定结构“the+比较级,the+比较级”,表达“越。。。。。。就越会。。。。。。”。故填cleverer.
4.【答案】properly
【解析】此题考查词性转化。句意:如果你想保持头脑清醒和活跃,你必须适当休息和适度学习。此处语境是副词修饰动词study,故填properly.
5.【答案】peaceful
【解析】此题考查词性转化。句意:休息有很多方法。一是好好休息。此处语境是形容词修饰名词rest作定语,表达“好好的休息”。故填peaceful.
6.【答案】active
【解析】此题考查词性转化。句意:另一种是积极休息。此处语境是形容词修饰名词rest作定语,表达“积极的休息”。故填active.
7.【答案】effective
【解析】此题考查形容词的用法。句意:改变大脑的活动方式也是有效的的休息方式。此处语境是形容词修饰名词way作定语,表达“有效的方式”。故填effective.
8.【答案】regularly
【解析】此题考查词性转化。句意:在日常生活中,有规律地吃一些鸡蛋、肉、新鲜蔬菜和水果也有益于大脑。此处语境是副词修饰动词短语eatingsomeeggs,meat,freshvegetablesandfruit,故填regularly.
9.【答案】beneficial
【解析】此题考查形容词的用法。句意:同上。固定短语bebeneficialto“对。。。。。。有好处”。故填beneficial.
10.【答案】happily
【解析】此题考查词性转化。句意:祝你生活愉快,永远保持健康和年轻。此处语境是副词修饰动词live,故填happily.
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